El documento resume la historia de Grecia dividiéndola en varios períodos: la prehistoria griega incluyendo las civilizaciones minoica y micénica, la antigüedad griega con las épocas arcaica, clásica y helenística, y el periodo oscuro entre los siglos XI-IX a.C. Destaca las diferentes culturas que habitaron Grecia como los pelasgos y los aqueos, así como la influencia de los minoicos y la expansión de los micénicos.

1. Periodificación de la Historia Griega. Profe.: Carolina Tobar Profesora: Carolina Tobar Tortora.

3. Palimpsesto Cultural. La cultura griega, que hoy consideramos el fundamento de nuestra civilización Occidental, es el resultado o síntesis de la relación (pacífica o bélica) de muchos pueblos.

4. Antigüedad Griega Época Arcaica Época Clásica Época Helenística Civilización Micénica Civilización Minóica Pre Historia Griega Historia Griega

12. Talasocracia. Del griego "thalassa", mar, y "kratos", gobierno; denota al estado cuyos dominios son principalmente marítimos. No se trata de un genuino imperio, sino más bien de una zona unida por rutas marinas, cuyo dominio territorial apenas penetra en el interior. El término fue empleado originariamente para referirse al gobierno de la civilización minoica, cuyo poder dependía de su armada.

17. Several years earlier, Crete attacked Athens. To ward off the attack, the Athenians had agreed to pay a yearly tribute of seven boys and girls to feed a Minotaur. The Minotaur was a monster with a head of a bull and body of a man. Theseus offered to be one of the men to be given to the minotaur. When Theseus arrived in Crete, Ariadne, the daughter of the king fell in love with him at first sight. She gave him a sword and spool of string he could use to find his way back out of the labyrinth which the Minotaur lived. Theseus went into the maze and found the Minotaur sleeping near the center. He killed the monster and escaped with the others from Athens. Theseus, along with hi fellow Athenians and Ariadne, escaped to their ship and headed back to Athens. On their way, they stopped at the island of Dia. Some stories suggest that Theseus abandoned Ariadne on this island. Others say the god Dionysus stole her away. In any case, Theseus headed back to Athens without her. Theseus had forgotten a promise he had made to his father. The ship carrying the fourteen Athenians always flew a black flag. Theseus had promised his father to change the flag to white on the voyage home if he had survived. Aegeus, seeing the black flag threw himself into the sea, believing that his son had died on his mission. The sea was named the Aegean in his honor. Due to his father’s death, Theseus now became the king of Athens. He was credited with moving the government to a democratic style of governing.

18. Another story for which Theseus was famous was for his attempt to court one of the daughters of Zeus. Theseus set his sights on Helen, a princess of Sparta. Theseus, along with his friend Peirithous, was able to abduct Helen from Sparta when she was only ten years old. In return for his help, Theseus agreed to assist Peirithous to try and court another of Zeus’s daughters Persephone, the queen of the underworld. Theseus and Peirithous entered the underworld on their quest. To their surprise, Hades welcomed them in and asked them to sit down. They found out that Hades had no intention of giving up his queen, whom he had worked so hard to keep. They sat in chairs of forgetfulness and could not escape, being held there by each chair’s powers. It was not until Hercules happened upon them that Theseus was released. Hercules was unable to release Peirithous, and he had to remain in the underworld. On returning to Athens, Theseus found that the Athenians were angry at him for his abduction of Helen. His throne was assumed by Menestheus and he was no longer welcomed in the city. He found a refuge with King Lycomedes (even thought the king envied Theseus) on the island of Scyras. While walking along a cliff, Lycomedes shoved Theseus off the cliff to his death. According to one legend, the image of Theseus appeared to the Athenians during their victory over the Persians at the Battle of Marathon (440 B.C.).”

21. Civilización Micénica. (ss. XVIII – XII a. C.) Dagger with Hunting Scene, Mycenae, is dated to the 16th century BCE. http://www.grisel.net/athens_museum.htm

24. Los aqueos eran buenos guerreros y navegantes, practicaron la agricultura y el pastoreo y desarrollaron la cerámica. Sus reyes más poderosos fueron los de las ciudades de Tirinto y Micenas, es por esta última que la cultura aquea también se conoce como micénica.

31. Periodo Oscuro. (ss. XI – IX a. C.)

34. Periodo Arcaico (ss. VIII – VI a. C.)

35. La Época Arcaica de la antigua Grecia (776-500 a. C.): Es la etapa en la que la Hélade se recupera del sombrío periodo anterior, cristalizando la civilización griega, al nacer las primeras ciudades estado (Πολις).

40. Periodo Clásico (800 a.C. – 400 a.C.)

45. Periodo de Expansión del Helenismo (300 a.C. – 100 d.C.)

46. La conquista de las Ciudades-Estado griegas independientes (356-337 a. J. C.), por Filipo II de Macedonia, fue el comienzo de uno de los cambios culturales más importantes de la historia del Mediterráneo. El ámbito de las conquistas que inició Filipo, lo amplió en gran medida su hijo Alejandro. En este tiempo nadie apreció la magnitud de la transformación que se iniciaba con las victorias macedonias.