Ltsp talk

LTSP Linux Terminal Server Project Raman.P DBA Railway Hospital,Ayanavaram, Chennai 23 raamanp@yahoo.co.in

What is LTSP ? The Linux Terminal Server Project (LTSP) is a package added to Linux that allows inexpensive thin client computers to be connected to a server, spreading the power of the server to many desktops. This slide is from Jim, creator of ltsp

How does it all work ? This slide is from Jim, creator of ltsp

Workstation Boot Methods ● Etherboot boot floppy from Rom-o-matic.net ● Etherboot Bootrom ● PXE ● Wireless ltsp booting kernel from floppy This slide is from Jim, creator of ltsp

Boot Sequence Thin client LTSP Server 1 Send DHCP request Receive request, send reply 2 with IP addr and name of Send TFTP request for file to download 3 kernel Receive request, starting sending blocks of data 4 Start executing kernel, initialize devices, run 5 /linuxrc, detect NIC, send DHCP request for more info Receive request, send reply, including IP addr and root- 6 path for the NFS/NBD NFS/NBD mount filesystem. 7 /opt/ltsp/i386 then do a Pivot root to make it the Grant the mount request, root filesystem serve data via NFS/NBD 8 Run rc.sysinit, then, launch 9 SSH connection to Receive the ssh request, server,launch ldm -ltsp display manager allow X via ssh. 10 This slide is from Jim, creator of ltsp

Installing LTSP 5

Installing LTSP 5 ● apt-get install ltsp-server ● ltsp-build-client ● Configure dhcp entries

Configuring the Server There are several services that need to be configured on the server. They are: ● DHCP ● TFTP ● NFS ● XDMCP( non ldm )

dhcpd.conf subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { #range 192.168.1.20 192.168.1.250; option domain-name "example.com"; option domain-name-servers 192.168.1.1; option broadcast-address 192.168.1.255; option routers 192.168.1.1; next-server 192.168.1.108; option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0; option root-path "/opt/ltsp/i386"; if substring( option vendor-class-identifier, 0, 9 ) = "PXEClient" { filename "/ltsp/i386/pxelinux.0"; } else { filename "/ltsp/i386/nbi.img"; } } group { use-host-decl-names on; option log-servers 192.168.1.254; host spare{ hardware ethernet 00:11:11:5f:66:46; fixed-address 192.168.1.8; filename "/ltsp/i386/pxelinux.0"; } }

Tftp configuration /etc/xinetd.d/tftp: service tftp { disable = no socket_type = dgram protocol = udp wait = yes user = root server = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd server_args = -s /tftpboot } /etc/inetd.conf: tftp dgram udp wait nobody /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/sbin/in.tftpd -s /tftpboot /etc/init.d/tftpd-hpa This slide is from Jim, creator of ltsp

NFS configuration /etc/exports: /opt/ltsp/i386 192.168.0.0/255.255.255.0(ro,no_root_squash,sync) /var/opt/ltsp/swapfiles 192.168.0.0/255.255.255.0(rw,no_root_squash,async) This slide is from Jim, creator of ltsp

XDMCP configuration? The display manager must be configured to accept remote connections xdm-config: # DisplayManager.requestPort: 0 kdmrc: [Xdmcp] Enable=true #Port=177 gdm.conf: [xdmcp] Enable=true MaxSessions=100 . . . [servers] 0=/usr/bin/X11/X This slide is from Jim, creator of ltsp

Workstation Configuration lts.conf [Default] SERVER = 192.168.0.254 X_MOUSE_PROTOCOL = "IMPS/2" X_MOUSE_DEVICE = "/dev/psaux" SCREEN_01 = startx [ws001] PRINTER_0_DEVICE = "/dev/lp0" PRINTER_0_TYPE = "P" [ws002] USE_NFS_SWAP = Y SWAPFILE_SIZE = 64m SCREEN_01 = shell [ws003] XSERVER = ati X_MODE_0 = 1600x1200 This slide is from Jim, creator of ltsp

Troubleshooting ● ltspcfg ● netstat -anp ● showmount -e ● /var/log/messages ● SCREEN_01 = shell ● rpcinfo -p localhost ● tcpdump & Ethereal

Our Experience ● Total Nodes: 47 ● Average active users 15-18 ● 2 LTSP server P4-1.5,2 GB RAM ● Network: Assorted 100MB to Gigabyte Switch on cat5/cat6 utp cable

Our Experience ● Clients use WindowMaker as window manager ● Single application users do not have window manager ● Custom application on Perl/Tk ● Only few use OpenOffice,Browser ● Local Printing

Advantages - Clients ● Booting time – under 30 secs on pxe clients Celeron/p3s – 40-50 secs on P1/P2s ● Custom print program prints on local printer, with choice to select printer. ● Roaming: Users can login anywhere in the hospital

Advantage - Sysadmin ● Single point of software maintenance ● Clients are plug and play system i.e in case of problem simply replace box, no need to install anything. ● Central monitoring of activity ● Database server and LTSP server on single switch increasing throughput and reliability.

Cost advantage ● Saves money – Lower cpu – No HDD – No FDD/CD-ROM ● Longer Lifetime. – Today's server – tomorrow's node ● Saves environment – Reduces e-waste

More Info ● www.LTSP.org ● ltsp_discuss mailing list ● IRC (#ltsp on irc.freenode.net) ● www.k12ltsp.org ● www.SkoleLinux.org ● etherboot.sourceforge.net ● www.rom-o-matic.net ● www.tldp.org/HOWTO/Diskless-HOWTO.html

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