description about safe handling, preventive and treatment measure of Picric acid and Ethidium bromide

1. PICRIC ACID

2. HAZARDS OF PICRIC ACID
• Very hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of eye
contact (irritant). Hazardous in case of ingestion, of
inhalation.
• Eye contact can result in corneal damage or blindness.
Inflammation of the eye is characterized by redness,
watering, and itching
• Skin contact can produce inflammation and blistering.
• Inhalation of dust will produce irritation to gastro-
intestinal or respiratory tract, characterized by burning,
sneezing and coughing. Severe over-exposure can
produce lung damage, choking, unconsciousness or
death.
• Skin inflammation is characterized by itching, scaling,
reddening, or occasionally, blistering.

3. First Aid Measures
• Eye Contact:
• Check for and remove any contact lenses. In case of contact, immediately
flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Cold water may be
used. WARM water MUST be used. Get medical attention.
• Skin Contact:
• In case of contact, immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15
minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Cover the
irritated skin with an emollient. Wash clothing before reuse. Thoroughly
clean shoes before reuse.
• Serious Skin Contact:
• Wash with a disinfectant soap and cover the contaminated skin with an anti-
bacterial cream.
• Serious Inhalation:
• Evacuate the victim to a safe area as soon as possible. Loosen tight
clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband.
• If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen. If the victim is not breathing,
perform mouth-to-mouth OR artificial resuscitation.
• Ingestion:
• If swallowed, do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical
personnel.
• Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
• Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband.

4. Special Remarks on Explosion
Hazards
• picric acid and concrete floors leads to the formation of
explosion-sensitive salts, such as calcium picrate.
• Mixtures with uranium perchlorate are extremely
powerful explosives. It forms unstable salts with
concrete, ammonia, and bases. An explosive mixture
results when the aqueous solution crystallizes.
• Keep Picric acid wet with water. Do not let dry picric acid
(crystals) form in container or on the cap threads of
container.
• Dried out material may explode if exposed to heat,
flame, friction or shock.

5. Exposure Controls/Personal
Protection
• Store in a segregated, approved and labeled
area away from acute fire hazards and powerful
oxidizing materials.
• Do not store in metal containers. Keep container
in a cool, well-ventilated area.
• Do not allow this material to dry out. Keep Picric
acid wetted with a minimum of 30% water. Keep
container tightly closed and sealed until ready
for use.
• Avoid all possible sources of ignition (spark or
flame

6. • Engineering Controls:
• Use explosion-proof electrical (ventilating,
lighting and material handling) equipment.
• If user operations generate dust, fume or mist,
use ventilation to keep exposure to airborne
contaminants below the exposure limit.
• Personal Protection:
• Use Splash goggles. Synthetic apron. Vapor and
dust respirator, Gloves.
• Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator
or equivalent.
• Personal Protection in Case of a Large Spill:
• Splash goggles. Full suit. Vapor and dust
respirator. Boots. Gloves. A self contained
breathing apparatus should be used to avoid
inhalation of the product.

7. ETHIDIUM BROMIDE

8. Hazardous effect
• Ethidium bromide is thought to act as a
mutagen because it intercalates double
stranded DNA(i.e., inserts itself between
the strands), deforming the DNA. This
could affect DNA biological processes, like
DNA replication and transcription.
• May cause eye, skin, and respiratory tract
irritation.

9. • Ingestion may cause gastrointestinal irritation
with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.
• Inhalation may cause respiratory tract
irritation.
• Methemoglobinemia is characterized by
dizziness, drowsiness, headache, shortness
of breath, cyanosis rapid heart rate and
chocolate-brown blood unconsciousness and
possible death.

10. First Aid Measures
• Eyes: In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with
plenty of water for at least 15 minutes.
• Skin: In case of contact, immediately flush skin with
plenty of water. Remove contaminated clothing and
shoes. Wash clothing before reuse.
• Ingestion: If swallowed, do not induce vomiting unless
directed to do so by medical personnel. Never give
anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
• Inhalation: If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not
breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is
difficult, give oxygen.
• Notes to Physician: Treat symptomatically and
supportively.

11. Preventive Measures
• Wash thoroughly after handling.
• Remove contaminated clothing and wash before
reuse.
• Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing.
• Keep container tightly closed.
• Avoid ingestion and inhalation.
• Use only with adequate ventilation or respiratory
protection.
• Keep container closed when not in use. Store in
a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from
incompatible substances