Phase II Plan and Status of the Global Human Body Models Consortium (GHBMC) Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) 2014 Government Industry Meeting - Elemance

1. PHASE II PLAN & STATUS OF THE
GLOBAL HUMAN BODY MODELS
CONSORTIUM
Jenne-Tai Wang, General Motors
2014 Government & Industry Meeting, Jan. 22 – 24, 2014, Washington, DC

2. Introduction of GHBMC
• An international consortium of automakers & suppliers working with
research institutes and government agencies to advance human body
modeling technologies for crash simulations.
SAE INTERNATIONAL
2

3. Toward HBM-aided Vehicle Crash Safety
SAE INTERNATIONAL
3

4. GHBMC Business and R&D Plan
Funding Sources
Membership & Participation fees
Government sponsorship and model licensing fees
Phase I (2006 – 2011)
NHTSA Cooperative Agreement DTN22-09-H-00273
Deliverables:
• M50 occupant CAD model and FE model in LS-Dyna,
PamCrash and Radioss
• Medical image data for F05, F50, M50, M95
Phase II (2012 – 2017)
NHTSA Cooperative Agreement DTN22-13-H-00425
Deliverables:
• 5 CAD models + (Enhanced M50 occ. model + 12 FE models)
in LS-Dyna, PamCrash, Radioss
SAE INTERNATIONAL
4

5. Established Six COEs (Centers of Expertise)
Head Model COE
Neck Model COE
Thorax Model COE
CEESAR
University of
Waterloo
Abdomen Model COE
Lower Extremities
Model COE
Full Body Model COE
Virginia Tech
Hongik University
Virginia Tech
University of Alabama
SAE INTERNATIONAL
5

6. Timeline & Major Milestones of Phase I
SAE INTERNATIONAL
6

7. GHBMC Phases I & II Deliverables
F5
Occupant
M50
M95
Simplified
Models
F5
Pedestrian
M50
M95
6-yo
GHBMC
F5
Occupant
M50
M95
Detailed
Models
F5
Pedestrian
Phase I
SAE INTERNATIONAL
Phase II
M50
M95
7

8. Evolvement of GHBMC Modeling Approach
SAE INTERNATIONAL
8

9. Phase II Master Schedule for CAD & LS-Dyna Models Development
2012
Tasks , Project Quarters
1.0 M50 Model Development Work
1.1.1 Enhanced detailed M50 occupant models - FBM COE
1.1.2. Enhanced detailed M50 occupant models - BRM COE
1.2. M50 pedestrian CAD models
1.3. Simplified M50 pedestrian models
1.4. Simplified M50 occupant models
1.5. Detailed M50 pedestrian models
2.0 F5 Model Development Work
2.1. F5 occupant & pedestrian CAD models
2.2. Detailed F5 occupant model - FBM COE
2.3. Detailed F5 occupant model - BRM COE
2.4. Simplified F5 pedestrian model (scaled from M50 model)
2.5. Simplified F5 occupant model
2.6. Detailed F5 pedestrian models
3.0 M95 Model Development Work
3.1. M95 occupant & pedestrian CAD models
3.2. Detailed M95 occupant model (scaled from M50) - FBM COE w/
refinement using M95 CAD
3.3. Detailed M95 occupant model (scaled from M50) - BRM COE w/
refinement using M95 CAD
3.4. Simplified M95 pedestrian model (scaled from M50 model)
3.5. Simplified M95 occupant model (scaled from M50 model)
3.6. Detailed M95 pedestrian model (scaled from M50 model including
data from CAD as necessary)
4.0 6 yr-old Child Model Development Work
4.1. Simplified 6 yr-old child pedestrian model (scaled from M50 model)
SAE INTERNATIONAL
Q1
2013
Q2
Q3
Q4
2014
Q5
Q6
Q7
Q8
2015
Q9
Q10 Q11
Q12
2016
Q13 Q14 Q15
Q16
2017
Q17 Q18 Q19 Q20 Q21
-
9

10. Growth Forecast of GHBMC Model Family by Year
SAE INTERNATIONAL
10

11. Growth Forecast of GHBMC Model Family by Year
SAE INTERNATIONAL
11

12. Growth Forecast of GHBMC Model Family by Year
SAE INTERNATIONAL
12

13. Growth Forecast of GHBMC Model Family by Year
SAE INTERNATIONAL
13

14. Growth Forecast of GHBMC Model Family by Year
SAE INTERNATIONAL
14

15. GHBMC M50 Occupant Model
•
•
•
•
•
M50 v4.1
2.2M elements
1.3M nodes
“0” Intersection
76.9 kg
SAE INTERNATIONAL
15

16. Crash-Induced Injury (CII) Prediction Capability
• To assess the injury prediction capability of GHBMC models, we have
established 7 capability levels as defined below:
Level
0
1
2
3
4
Capability Subcategories
Model detail sufficient, test data available, injury mechanism
understood, correlation carried out
Model detail sufficient, test data available, injury mechanism
understood, but validation work is incomplete or inconclusive
Model detail sufficient, but test data unavailable or insufficient
Model detail insufficient, test data available, additional
modeling should help predict this CII
Model detail insufficient, test data unavailable; additional
modeling effort and test data should help predict this CII
5
6
SAE INTERNATIONAL
Injury mechanism needs some more investigation
Injury mechanism needs extensive additional investigation
16

17. M50 Model v4.1 – CII Capability: Level “0”
Crash-Induced Injury (CII) Description
Body Region
Head
Head
Neck
Neck
Thorax
Abdomen
Abdomen
Plex
Plex
Plex
Plex
Plex
Plex
Plex
Plex
SAE INTERNATIONAL
Main
Skull Fracture
Facial Bone Fracture
Intervertebral Disc
Ligament Injury
Rib Cage Injuries
Solid Organ Injury
Solid Organ Injury
Pelvis
Pelvis
Thigh, Knee, Leg
Thigh, Knee, Leg
Thigh, Knee, Leg
Foot
Foot
Foot
Sub
Cortical Layer, Diploe Layer, Vault, Base
Disc Injury
Rib Fracture
Liver Injury
Spleen Injury
Pelvis, pubic rami fracture
Pelvis, hip fracture
Proximal femur fracture
Mid-shaft femur fracture
Distal femur fracture
Calcaneus fracture
Talus fracture
Ankle and sub-talar joint injury
GHBMC
M50
Capability
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
17

18. M50 Model v4.1 – CII Capability: Level 1 and/or 2 (1/2)
Crash-Induced Injury (CII) Description
Body Region
Head
Head
Head
Neck
Neck
Thorax
Thorax
Thorax
Thorax
Thorax
Thorax
Thorax
Thorax
Thorax
Thorax
Thorax
Thorax
SAE INTERNATIONAL
Main
Acute Subdural Hematoma
Cerebral Contusion
Diffuse Axonal Injury
Cervical Spine Injury
Cervical Spine Injury
Pectoral Girdle Injuries
Pectoral Girdle Injuries
Lung/Pleural Cavity Injuries
Rib Cage Injuries
Rib Cage Injuries
Rib Cage Injuries
Upper Extremity Injuries
Upper Extremity Injuries
Upper Extremity Injuries
Heart/Greater Vessel Injury
Heart/Greater Vessel Injury
Other
Sub
Bridging Vein Rupture
Cerebral Injury
Cerebrum, cerebellum, mid-brain injury
Vertebral & Odontoid Fracture
Facet Fracture
Clavicle Fracture
Scapular Fracture
Pulmonary Contusion
Sternal Fracture
Costal Cartilage
Flail Chest
Humeral Fracture
Radius Fracture
Ulna Fracture
Aortic Laceration/Rupture
Heart Crush/Avulsion/Laceration
Diaphragmatic Injury
GHBMC
M50
Capability
1
1-2
1-2
2
2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
18

19. M50 Model v4.1 – CII Capability: Level 1 and/or 2 (2/2)
Crash-Induced Injury (CII) Description
Body Region
Abdomen
Abdomen
Abdomen
Abdomen
Abdomen
Abdomen
Abdomen
Abdomen
Plex
Plex
Plex
Plex
Plex
Plex
Plex
Plex
Plex
SAE INTERNATIONAL
Main
Solid Organ Injury
Solid Organ Injury
Blood Vessels
Blood Vessels
Hollow Organ Injury
Hollow Organ Injury
Hollow Organ Injury
Hollow Organ Injury
Pelvis
Pelvis
Thigh, Knee, Leg
Thigh, Knee, Leg
Thigh, Knee, Leg
Thigh, Knee, Leg
Thigh, Knee, Leg
Foot
Foot
Sub
Kidney Injury
Pancreatic Injury
Aorta Failure
Vena Cava Failure
Stomach Injury
Duodenum Injury
Jejunum Injury, Ileum Injury
Colon Injury
Pelvis, pubic symphysis fracture
Pelvis, sacro-iliac fracture
Knee ligament injury
Proximal Leg fracture
Mid-shaft leg fracture
Distal leg fracture
Meniscus injury
Tibial plafond fracture
Malleoli fracture
GHBMC
M50
Capability
1-2
2
1-2
1-2
2-3
2-3
2-3
2-3
1-2
2-3
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
19

20. CII Coverage of GHBMC M50 Model based on 1998-2009
NASS-CDS Data
• GHBMC M50 model is validated for
38% of all crash-induced AIS2+ injuries
13% AIS5+ injuries
• GHBMC M50 model is detailed enough
for simulating
80% of all crash-induced AIS2+ injuries
63% AIS5+ injuries
• Phase II targets CII capability equal or
better than M50 Model
• Should additional funding become
available in the future, we will
Conduct more validation work for Level
1&2 CIIs
Increase the detail level of the model to
predict Level 3&4 CIIs
SAE INTERNATIONAL
20

21. Free Academic Licenses to Institutions of Higher Education
– Current GHBMC M50 Occupant Model v4.1 Users
Medical C. of Wisconsin
Virginia Tech
U. Of Alabama
California S. U. - LA
Texas Tech University
U. of Waterloo
U. of Michigan
Wayne S.
UVA
U.
Wake Forest U.
Chalmers U. of Technology
Hongik U.
INRIA
Valladolid U.
U. Of Colorado - Denver
Tsinghua U.
IIT Delhi
Sogang U.
Kyungil U.
U. Of Technology - Sydney
SAE INTERNATIONAL
21

22. Development Status of Phase II
SAE INTERNATIONAL
22

23. Development Status: 50th %ile Male Pedestrian CAD Model
•
•
•
•
•
Based on data from the average
male subject used for the occupant
model development
Confirmed bone locations with
external anthropometry landmarks
and external surface data
Soft tissues developed from medical
images in the standing posture
Posture will be adjusted for use in
EuroNCAP pedestrian protocol
Target delivery
- CAD: April 2014
- Simplified pedestrian
model: July 2014
Organ and Muscle
M50 Standing
SAE INTERNATIONAL
MRI with pelvis and
hip bone outline (red)
23

24. Development Status: 5th %ile Female CAD Model
• Recruited and scanned female who
closely matched 5th female in height
and weight1,2
- 48.6 kg, 149.9 cm
• Multi-modality scans used: MRI,
upright MRI, CT and external
anthropometry
• Segmented bones, fit to landmarks
• Verified alignment with seated scan
data
• Symmetrized bones
• Target Delivery
• CAD (July 2014)
•
FEA model (mid-2015), includes
regional model development
approach as in Phase I
1. Gordon et al. 1988 ANSUR 2. HIII 5th female dummy
WFU IRB # 5705
SAE INTERNATIONAL
24

25. Development Status: Simplified Occupant Models
Less
Modeling Detail Considered
~150k deformable
elements
Simplified GHBMC M50 Occupant
• Rapid run time (50x faster)
• Rapid kinematics and kinetics
• Modularity, ease of positioning
• ATD type outputs
• Target delivery M50 simplified
occupant (mid 2014)
SAE INTERNATIONAL
More
~2.0M deformable
elements
Detailed GHBMC M50 Occupant
• Version 4.1.1 delivered
• Fine mesh and high biofidelity
• Crash Induced Injury evaluation
• Inputs from simplified model,
used to drive detailed model
25

26. Development Status: Simplified Pedestrian Models
Target Application:
- EuroNCAP pedestrian protection pre-test requirements
• Performance Requirements:
- For vehicles with a deployable hood which requires kinematics &
inertial/contact load predictions using human body models
- Required body sizes: F5, M50, M95 and 6 yr-old
- A basis for hybrid models (to form models with mixed fine and coarse
body region models; e.g., with the detailed head model)
• Modeling Approaches:
1. Create a M50 pedestrian CAD model (reuse a part of M50 occupant
CAD model)
2. Create a simplified M50 pedestrian model (reuse a part of simplified
M50 occupant model)
3. Scale the M50 model to create the other three different size models
• Target Delivery: Q1 of 2015
•
SAE INTERNATIONAL
26

27. Development Status: Scaled M95 Occupant Model
•
•
•
•
•
Scaling approach used to rapidly
develop models based on the M50
model
Leverage large amount of existing
phase I data: external anthropometry,
medical imaging data, in multiple body
sizes
Facilitate comparisons between
models (i.e. M50 & M95)
Homologous landmarks from M50
data placed on data from M95, thin
plate splines used to morph
Target delivery: mid 2014
SAE INTERNATIONAL
M50
M95
Homologous surface landmarks
27

28. GHBMC Contact Info
• Membership & General Inquires
- GHBMC Steering Committee Chairman – Mr. John Combest
(john.combest@nissan-usa.com)
- GHBMC Steering Committee Assistant Chairman – Mr. Mark S. Torigian
(Mtorigian@hatci.com)
- GHBMC Technical Committee Chairman – Dr. Jenne-Tai (J.T.) Wang
(jenne-tai.wang@gm.com)
• Model Licenses & User Support
- Elemance, LLC – Dr. Joel Stitzel (joel.stitzel@elemance.com) and
Dr. Scott Gayzik (scott.gayzik@elemance.com)
SAE INTERNATIONAL
28