The Global Warming: A Glimpse

Slideshow Transcript

1. Slide 2: Lake Mainit Development Alliance Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program Topics • What is Global Warming? • What are Greenhouse Gases and Greenhouse Effect? • Causes of Global Warming? • Present Danger on Global Warming on Earth? • Possible solution to reduce Global Warming. 
2. Slide 3: Lake Mainit Development Alliance Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program What is Global Warming? • Global warming, a recent warming of the Earth, is believed to be the result of increased concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_effect#Greenhouse_gases • Global Warming, term denoting the accelerated warming of the Earth’s surface due to anthropogenic (human activity-related) releases of greenhouse gases due to industrial activity and deforestation.  Microsoft ® Encarta ® Premium Suite 2005. © 1993-2004 Microsoft Corporation
3. Slide 4: Lake Mainit Development Alliance Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program What are Greenhouse Gases?  Many greenhouse gases occur naturally, such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone. But others such as hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) result exclusively from human industrial processes. http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2007/marchweb-only/113-52.0.html  Greenhouse gases are components of the atmosphere that contribute to the greenhouse effect. Without the greenhouse effect the Earth would be uninhabitable.  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_gas
4. Slide 5: Lake Mainit Development Alliance Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program What is Greenhouse effect…  Refers to the way in which gases in the Earth’s atmosphere warm the Earth like the glass roof of a greenhouse—by letting sunlight in but keeping the reflected heat energy trapped inside.. Microsoft ® Encarta ® Premium Suite 2005. © 1993-2004 Microsoft Corporation  Greenhouse gases vary in their ability to absorb and hold heat in the atmosphere, a phenomenon known as the \" greenhouse effect.\" HFCs and PFCs are the most heat- absorbent, but there are also wide differences between naturally occurring gases. For example, nitrous oxide absorbs 270 times more heat per molecule than carbon dioxide, and methane absorbs 21 times more heat per molecule than carbon dioxide.  http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2007/marchweb-only/113-52.0.html
5. Slide 6: Lake Mainit Development Alliance HOW GREENHOUSE EFFECT WORKS? Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program 4 Unlike other gases, greenhouse gases absorb and re-emit the heat energy - some is emitted into space and some back to Earth. 4 1 5 1 Energy from the Sun 5 The heat is beats down on the effectively trapped Earth. and warms the Earth. 3 3 The Earth absorbs the 2 energy and emits heat. 2 Some energy is reflected into space, the rest enters the atmosphere. 
6. Slide 7: Lake Mainit Development Alliance Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program 
7. Slide 8: Lake Mainit Development Alliance Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program Water vapor un Nitrous Oxide Atmosphere Carbon Dioxide Methane
8. Slide 9: Lake Mainit Development Alliance Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program Reflected solar energy Solar Energy un Absorbed heat Atmosphere
9. Slide 10: Lake Mainit Development Alliance Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program Water vapor un Nitrous Oxide Absorbed heat Atmosphere Carbon Dioxide Methane
10. Slide 11: Lake Mainit Development Alliance Earth’s Temperature Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program Solar Sun nergy Radiative Cooling If the amount of solar energy is greater than the amount radiated, then the earth heats up
11. Slide 12: Lake Mainit Development Alliance Earth’s Temperature Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program Sun Solar Radiative Energy Cooling If the amount of solar energy is less than the amount radiated, then the earth cools down
12. Slide 13: Lake Mainit Development Alliance Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program Cause of Global Warming… G e ne ra lly g lob a l wa rm ing is b roug h t a b out b y th e inc re a s e of G re e nh ous e G a s e s in th e a tm os ph e re . Wh ile th e g re e nh ous e e ffe c t is a n e s s e ntia l e nvironm e nta l pre re q u is ite for life on E a rth , th e re re a lly c a n b e too m uc h of a g ood th ing . Th e prob le m s b e g in wh e n h um a n a c tivitie s dis tort a nd a c c e le ra te th e na tura l proc e s s b y c re a tin g more g re e nh ous e g a s e s in th e a tm os ph e re th a n a re ne c e s s a ry to wa rm th e pla ne t to a n id e a l te m pe ra ture http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2007/marchweb-only/113-52.0.html 
13. Slide 14: Lake Mainit Development Alliance Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program How human contribute to the Greenhouse Gases Effect? • Burning natural g as , c oal and oil —inc luding g a s oline for a utomobile e ng ine s —ra is e s th e le ve l of c a rbon dioxide in th e a tmos ph e re . • So me farming practic e s and land-us e c hange s inc re a s e th e le ve ls of me th a ne a nd nitrous oxide . • Many fac to ries pro duc e long-las ting indus trial gas e s th a t do not oc c ur na tura lly, ye t c ontribute s ig nific a ntly to th e e nh a nc e d g re e nh ous e e ffe c t a nd “g loba l wa rming ” th a t is c urre ntly unde r wa y. http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2007/marchweb-only/113-52.0.html 
14. Slide 15: Lake Mainit Development Alliance Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program Ho w h um a n c o ntrib ute to th e G re e nh o u s e G a s e s E ffe c t? • De fo re s tatio n: Tre e s us e c a rb on dioxide a nd g ive off oxyg e n in its pla c e , wh ic h h e lps to c re a te th e optim a l b a la nc e of g a s e s in th e a tm o s ph e re . As m o re fore s ts a re lo g g e d for tim b e r or c ut down to m a ke wa y for fa rm in g , h owe ve r, th e re a re fe we r tre e s to pe rform th is c ritic a l func tion.  http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2007/marchweb-only/113-52.0.html
15. Slide 16: Lake Mainit Development Alliance Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program Ho w h um a n c o ntrib ute to th e G re e nh o u s e G a s e s E ffe c t? • Po pulatio n g ro wth… be c a us e a s m ore pe ople us e fos s il fue ls for h e a t, tra ns porta tion a nd m a nufa c turing th e le ve l of g re e nh ous e ga ses Ha dle y IPCC 2001 Ce ntre c ontin ue s to inc re a s e . As m o re fa rm ing oc c urs to fe e d m illions of ne w pe ople , m o re g re e nh ous e g a s e s e nte r th e a tm os ph e re .  Ha dle y IPCC 2001 Ce ntre http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2007/marchweb-only/113-52.0.html
16. Slide 17: Lake Mainit Development Alliance Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program Present Danger of Global Warming The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) warned that the world's poorer nations face spiraling rates of death and disease due to increased risk of droughts, floods, storms and other severe climate effects spurred by human-caused greenhouse gas emissions: Death due to climate change  (WHO determines death of 154,000 people a year; Professor Andrew Haines) Increasing storms and flooding (Dr. Thomas Karl: Increase in  precipitation in the 20th century) Killer heat waves (1700 people died in India in 2003)  Forest and Wildfires Increasing  (In Alaska and Canada’s boreal forest, fire consumed an average of 7 million acres a year in 1990.) Source: www.ecobridge.org/content/g_cse.htm 
17. Slide 18: Lake Mainit Development Alliance Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program Arctic and Antarctic Present Danger of Global Warming warming The impact of global warming in Europe and Russia Glaciers melting Heat waves and periods o unusually warm weather Ocean warming, sea-leve rise and coastal flooding Spreading disease Coral reef bleaching Plant and animal range shifts and population changes United Kingdom -Intensebirds extend their ranges Mediterranean -- British drought and fires. Spainspecies Germany -- Mollusc range shift. 20% of 40 mollusc lost Earlier spring arrival United Ocean comparison of the breeding distributionsicebirds Caucasus Mountains, Russia --cover. Satellite a 20-year northward. parkDecreasing ice northward. of in response to Arctic Kingdom -- Birds shift Half of all glacial - Over in a national A have changed their distribution more than 1.2 million acres (485,622 hectares) forest ofto disappearedbirds have the 100 years. measurementsin the past area of1988-91, showed that the indicate extended perennial ice cover has period, manyperiods, 1968-72 and the northern margins of their Downpours, heavy for two time wildfires in 1994, and 370,000 acres (149,734 hectares) burned warming. snowfalls, and flooding northern margins for7% perin 1998.had 1978. decreased by about of about 12 since decade ranges by an averagemany speciesmiles moved northwards by an in each of Greece and Italy average of about 12 miles (19 km). Droughts and fires http://www.climatehotmap.org
18. Slide 19: Lake Mainit Development Alliance Present Danger of Global Warming Arctic and Antarctic Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program warming The impact of global warming in Asia Glaciers melting 119. ChokoriaLink between Bangladesh More at 155. China-- Malaria India -- Glacial El Fires burned Bangladesh--Disappearing Lakes, 2001.Ni¨Flooded IndonesiaHimalayas, spreads to high retreatvents Garhwal -- Burning rainforest, 1998. - Sundarbans, stronger elevations. than Indonesiableaching in the Philippines, Persian Gulf, Coral reef and of2 millionprevalence.levels timeprovince as robust ft half cholera acres ocean first have as foundare Malariathe 4,000 lakes in theResearchers of land, including mangroves. RisingDokriani Barnak Glacier retreated 66 record pace. The for the Qinghai high a 6,900 up to was detected(809,371bleachingflooded about Indian Ocean -- Coral reef hectares)(include Seychelles; Heat waves and periods of relationship 1998 to hectares) of mangroveTheNir during feet (2103in betweendroughtsevere stronger forest vents and 18,500m) m)duethe highlands of Irian Jaya El 1997. forest disappearing (7,500 progressively winter. in Gangorti (20.1 acres in despite a unusually warm weather almost 250,000 acres (101,172 hectares) of primary Kenya; Reunion; Mauritius; Somalia; Madagascar; cholera prevalence, spanning a sea-level periodthisof the the past is of the already ft (30 m) reduced habitat rate and parts retreating 98 Global 70-year Thailand [Siam]; Glacier three decades. severely per year. At from rise is aggravated Maldives; Indonesia; Sri Lanka; Gulf of Ocean warming, sea-level by substantial deltaic loss of all central area with rates as 1893-1940predict the subsidence in the and eastern scientists and 1980-2001. KalimantanIslands; Malaysia; Oman; India; and Cambodia). Andaman orangutan. rise and coastal flooding high as 5.5 mm/year. 2035. Himalayan glaciers by Spreading disease Coral reef bleaching Plant and animal range shifts and population changes Earlier spring arrival Downpours, heavy snowfalls, and flooding Droughts and fires http://www.climatehotmap.org
19. Slide 20: Lake Mainit Development Alliance Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program Arctic and Antarctic Present Danger of Global Warming warming The impact of global warming in Africa Glaciers melting 121. World Ocean - Warmingyears, 2001.surface area 154. Lake Chad -malaria outbreak, summer, 1997. -- Deadly Disappearing Lake. The Over four Kenya - Worst drought in 60 water. The world ocean Senegal -- Sea-level rise; Sea-level rise is causing the Heat waves and periods o has experienced a net warming 9,650 square Kenyan millionlakeof people affected by a severely(0.06?C) (25,000 of the people were died from malaria in the miles from the Hundreds has decreased from of 0.11?F reduced harvest, loss of coastal land at Rufisque, on the South Coast of unusually warm weather weakened where the (1,350 km2)feet conditions. sea surface to a 521 and 10,000had previously over km2) in 1963 to depth of poor sanitary(3000 m) been the past highlands livestock, population today Senegal. 35-45 years.Tanzania -- Malaria expands in mountains. unexposed. Ocean warming, sea-leve rise and coastal flooding Higher annual temperatures in the Usamabara Mountains have been linked to expanding malaria transmission. Spreading disease Coral reef bleaching Plant and animal range shifts and population changes Earlier spring arrival Downpours, heavy snowfalls, and flooding Droughts and fires http://www.climatehotmap.org
20. Slide 21: Lake Mainit Development Alliance Arctic and Antarctic Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program warming Present Danger of Global Warming The impact of global warming in Oceania Glaciers melting Coral reef bleaching Reports April Land loss. Western Fiji --Zealand -Western Australia,-- localrecord.Reef, occurred American -and Ocean warming. Great BarrieraroundPapua New Sea-level - Warmest from on inhabitants 16 Australia 2002rise. in Samoa The oceans Thisat New Heat waves and periods of sites indicate been warming annualIndian abouthas a rate Samoa has experienced shore and temperature at feet Zealand have of an average over the shoreline New Guinea, American Samoaaveragepast Ocean.increase (0.46 in the contextthat the island's recession of decade1.5been ofnot unusually warm weather m) per year for foot (0.15 m) per over the 0.9-1.8?Fhalf a 1930s. per decade90 years past century.past 90 receding (0.5-1.0?C) the past year over at least the There seen since the at least years. been an increase in warm days and a decrease in cold has also Ocean warming, sea-level rise and coastal flooding winter days. Spreading disease Coral reef bleaching Plant and animal range shifts and population changes Earlier spring arrival Downpours, heavy snowfalls, and flooding Droughts and fires http://www.climatehotmap.org
21. Slide 22: Lake Mainit Development Alliance 85. Mexico -- Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program Worst fire -- Sea 33. Alaska season Present Danger of Global Warming bird population ever, 1998. 1.25 The impact of global warming in North America decline. Theburned million acres black guilemot severe during a population is 16. Mexico --1990 drought. from declining Smoke 19. Central 69. Barrow, melting levels because Beach 42. Hawaii --Alaska reaching Texas Dengue fever America -- Dengue loss.icespreadsin at -- Lesshas statewide sea Sea-level rise spreads toincreased fever snow to triggered a higher Waimeaalert. the birds the distance along health Bay, Dengue summer. Summer elevations. higher elevations. with coastal forage for must fly fever is Dengue to days without snow fever has spread have and reduced the foodFlorida has its development, -- from 82. increased Worst above its former spreading above numberlimitto of fewer than resting former of of contributed in 50 the wildfireslimit in elevation 80 3,300 sites(1,006(1,006 m) 3,300available. than considerablem) Fires years, to beach 1950'sfeetmore and 1998. feet loss over485,000 acres 100 beenthe past 90 has has 1990's. and in appeared burnedthereported at 86. Nicaragua -- years. feet (1,707 m). (196,272 hectares) 5,600 4,000 feet above 2.2 million acres and destroyed more (1,219 m). (890,308 hectares) than 300 homes and burned, 1998. Over structures. 15,000 fires burned in 84. Florida, blazing 1998, and theTexas, acreage included Louisiana -- Driest protected lands in the period in 104 Bosawas Biosphere years, April-June Reserve. http://www.climatehotmap.org 1998
22. Slide 23: Lake Mainit Development Alliance Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program Present Danger of Global Warming Wildlife Effects • Polar Bears – Require pack ice to live – Might eventually go extinct in the wild • Sea turtles – Breed on the same islands as their birth – Could go extinct on some islands as beaches are flooded • More than a million species face extinction from disappearing habitat, changing ecosystems, and acidifying oceans  Ha dle y IPCC 2001
23. Slide 24: Lake Mainit Development Alliance Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program Present Danger of Global Warming Impacts on Coastal Areas • Erosion • Inundation of coastal lands • Additional costs to protect coastal communities  Ha dle y IPCC 2001
24. Slide 25: Lake Mainit Development Alliance Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program Present Danger of Global Warming Eve rywhe re : Understanding: Medium • Inc re as e in inte ns ity o f hurric ane s • Inc re as e in dro ug hts in s o me plac e s • Inc re as e in inte ns e rain in s o me plac e s What Afte r:  Chang e s in ho w we ll fo re s ts g ro w  Inc re as e d habitat fo r pe s ts  Farming : s o me c ro ps will g ro w be tte r, s o me will g ro w wo rs e .  US Geological Survey
25. Slide 26: Lake Mainit Development Alliance Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program Present Danger of Global Warming Eve rywhe re : • Increased winter flooding • Increased landslides • Overall forest health • Coastal erosion What Afte r  Ho w will humans re ac t S urpris e c hang e s ?  US Geological Survey
26. Slide 27: Lake Mainit Development Alliance Present Danger of Global Warming Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program Increased risk of floods, potentially displacing tens of millions of people, due to sea level rise and heavy rainfall events, especially in Small Island States and low-lying deltaic areas. Bangladesh is projected to lose about 17% of its land area with a sea level rise of one meter - very difficult to adapt due to lack of adaptive capacity.  projected present Ha dle y IPCC 2001
27. Slide 28: Lake Mainit Development Alliance Present Danger of Global Warming Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program Food produc tion ne e ds to double to me et the ne eds of an additional 3 billion pe ople in the ne xt 30 years Climate c hange is proje cte d to de c re as e agric ultural produc tivity in the tropic s and s ub-tropic s for almos t any amount of warming.  Ha dle y IPCC 2001
28. Slide 29: Lake Mainit Development Alliance Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program Present Danger of Global Warming Wo o d fue l is the o nly s o urc e o f fue l fo r o ne third o f the wo rld’s po pulatio n. Wo o d de mand will do uble in the ne xt 50 ye ars . Fo re s t manag e me nt will be c o me mo re diffic ult due to an inc re as e in pe s ts and fire s .  Ha dle y IPCC 2001
29. Slide 30: Lake Mainit Development Alliance Present Danger of Global Warming Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program Climate c hange is projec te d to de c reas e wate r availability in many arid- and s e mi-arid re gions One third o f the world’s Population fac ing wate r populatio n is no w s ubje ct s c arc ity will more than double to wate r s carcity.  ove r the ne xt 30 years Ha dle y IPCC 2001
30. Slide 31: Lake Mainit Development Alliance Present Danger of Global Warming y Ha dle Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program IPCC 2001 Ce ntre 
31. Slide 32: Lake Mainit Development Alliance Present Danger of Global Warming Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program Comparison of Climatic Forecast Climate forecast In 2001, scientists predicted the Earth would warm by 1.4 - 5.8 ˚C by 2100. Most of the warming, they believed, was a result of humanity's use of fossil fuels, like oil and coal.  Global scenarios: Worst case (left) and best case (right)
32. Slide 33: Lake Mainit Development Alliance Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program Possiblewe can do to What Solutions Global Warming now to reduce global warming?
33. Slide 34: Lake Mainit Development Alliance Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program Reduce global warming by… • Reducing, Reusing and Recycling. Do your part to reduce waste by choosing reusable products instead of disposables. By recycling half of your household waste, you can save 2,400 pounds of carbon dioxide annually. • Reduce energy needs – Changing light bulb Wherever practical, replace regular light bulbs with compact fluorescent light (CFL) bulbs. CFLs also last 10 times longer than incandescent bulbs, use two-thirds less energy, and give off 70 percent less heat.  Ha dle y http://www.christianitytoday.com IPCC 2001
34. Slide 35: Lake Mainit Development Alliance Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program Reduce global warming by… • Reduce energy needs – Use the \"Off\" Switch Save electricity and reduce global warming by turning off lights when you leave a room, and using only as much light as you need. And remember to turn off your television, video player, stereo and computer when you're not using them. Use natural light whenever possible. – Buy Energy-Efficient Products When it’s time to buy a new car, choose one that offers good gas mileage. Home appliances now come in a range of energy-efficient models, and compact florescent bulbs are designed to provide more natural-looking light while using far less energy than standard light bulbs.  http://www.christianitytoday.com http://environmentalist.article-ok.com.
35. Slide 36: Lake Mainit Development Alliance Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program Reduce global warming by… • Use alternative energy sources  Wind  Geothermal  Hydroelectric  Solar • Give priority on sustainable development Adopt nature farming technology system, organic farming, composting and other sustainable agriculture practices.  Ha dle y http://www.christianitytoday.com IPCC 2001 Ce ntre
36. Slide 37: Lake Mainit Development Alliance Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program Reduce global warming by… • Planting more trees. During photosynthesis, trees and other plants absorb carbon dioxide and give off oxygen. They are an integral part of the natural atmospheric exchange cycle here on Earth, but there are too few of them to fully counter the increases in carbon dioxide caused by automobile traffic, manufacturing and other human activities. A single tree will absorb approximately one ton of carbon dioxide during its lifetime.  http://www.christianitytoday.com http://environmentalist.article-ok.com.
37. Slide 38: Lake Mainit Development Alliance Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program Reduce global warming by… • Educating and encouraging others to conserve Share information about recycling and energy conservation with your friends, neighbors and co- workers, and take opportunities to encourage public officials to establish programs and policies that are good for the environment. 
38. Slide 39: Lake Mainit Development Alliance Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program Reduce Global Warming… START NOW!
39. Slide 40: Lake Mainit Development Alliance Philippines-Australia Community Assistance Program Prepared by: JOHNY S. NATAD Lake Mainit FOCAS Management Committee Lake Mainit Development Alliance 3/F New Public Market Building Kitcharao, Agusan del Norte http://lmda.wordpress.com http://lmda.blogspot.com.