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All graphics © Russell Kightley
These graphics may not be reproduced
Micro images are Hyperlinked sourced
Use of this presentation authorized if properly credited
HIV / AIDS Training
• Req’d by Northshore SD
• NSD adopted curriculum
• Based on:
F.L.A.S.H. HIV Lifeline
jschmied©2015
HIV virus
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
1. What is HIV?
an RNA based virus that causes AIDS
1. Attacks the Immune System
2. Destroys the body’s defenses against diseases
3. Body becomes vulnerable to infections & cancers
that don’t normally develop in healthy people
Graphics © Russell Kightley
These graphics may not be reproduced
Images are hyperlinked sourced
jschmied©2015
What does HIV look like?
HIV Capsule HIV
jschmied©2015
What does
HIV look like?
A cut away
view of the
virus.
jschmied©2015
1. T4 or CD4 Cell 2. Antibodies
2. Two Key Parts of the Immune System
HIV
jschmied©2015
Healthy T Cell & Infected T Cell
HIV
Particles
(yellow)
jschmied©2015
T4 cell are particularly important in the adaptive immune system.
These cells help suppress or regulate immune responses
HIV Transmission
Requires:
1. Infected body fluid
AND
2. Entry into body
jschmied©2015
3. Infected body fluids
Four Fluids, if infected, can transmit HIV
a. Blood
b. Semen
c. Vaginal Secretions
d. Breast Milk
If these enter the body
jschmied©2015
4. Which Fluids are safe?
Four Fluids that can’t transmit HIV
a. Spit/saliva
b. Pee/Urine
c. Sweat
d. Tears
jschmied©2015
5. HIV Transmission
Three Most frequent ways to get infected
1. Unprotected sexual intercourse
2. Injected Drug Use
3. From an infected mother to her infant.
Other, much more rare, ways to get infected
a. Blood Transfusions / Organ Transplant (1:600,000)
b. Health Care Setting
jschmied©2015
How Does HIV get into a T Cell?
1. HIV attaches to
infection fighting T4 cell
2. Locks on to two entry
areas of the T4 cell
at once. (Keys in lock)
3. Tricks T4 cell to allow
Virus RNA to enter
All graphics © Russell Kightley
Graphics may not be reproduced w/o permissionjschmied©2015
What Does HIV do inside a T Cell?
1. Virus’s RNA changes
into DNA
2. Enters Cell nucleus &
becomes part of Host’s
DNA!
3. Programs T cell to
produce virus in
abundance
4. New viruses bud off
Host T cell, killing T
cell, & enters
bloodstream
5. New HIV viruses infect
more T cells
jschmied©2015
New HIV viruses leaving a cell
jschmied©2015
6. What is the “Window
Period?”
The time period between a person’s exposure
& actual infection with HIV and until
antibodies are detectable in the body.
• After three months there are usually enough
antibodies to show on an AIDS test.
Nearly all people (99%) develop antibodies by
THREE months.
jschmied©2015
HIV and the Immune System
7. A person can be HIV infected and not
have AIDS if the person’s immune system is
intact.
Often this period is from 8-10 years.
Has no symptoms, person is a carrier.
8. After this period, the immune system
begins to lose the fight.
At this point the person has AIDS
jschmied©2015
9. What does AIDS stand for?
A. Acquired
I. Immune
D. Deficiency
S. Syndrome
jschmied©2015
WHAT IS AIDS ??
1. The Late stage of HIV
infection
2. A group of symptoms & signs of disease that
occur together.
3. Severe immune system breakdown
4. Less than 200 T cells (or CD4 cells).
Normal 1000
jschmied©2015
10. What happens to someone
with fully involved AIDS?
Immune system breaks down => Hospital ??
Cause of death - a variety of normally
preventable diseases. Some are:
a. Pneumonia
b. Toxoplasmosis
c. Kaposi’s sarcoma
d. Mycobacterium Avium complex
e. Invasive cervical cancer
jschmied©2015
11. Treatment of AIDS & Life
Expectancy
Treatment helps people live longer.
a. In 1993 = less than 7 years
b. In 2006 = 20 years or more…
….if properly treated
c. New drugs are the cause of the increase
2011: About 33.3 million people worldwide are infected with HIV, the virus that
causes AIDS. In 2009, the last year for complete statistics, 2.6 million people
became infected and 1.8 million people died.
jschmied©2015
12. What are the problems with
Treatment?
a. Have to take lots of pills
b. Pills can make people sick – side effects
c. Pills don’t work for everyone – or forever
d. Pills cost lots of money!
2010 avg cost est. = $398,000 / 20+ years
or $1,659 / month
Advanced cases = $3,390 / month
jschmied©2015
13. Let’s Rewind!
Brainstorm respectfully:
What are 3 ways you can think of to keep
a person safe from HIV/AIDS???
jschmied©2015
14. How to keep safe?
1. No sex = abstinence
2. Have only one uninfected partner
= monogamy
3. Use protection = condoms
jschmied©2015
HIV / AIDS Training
• Req’d by Northshore SD
• NSD adopted curriculum
• Based on:
F.L.A.S.H. HIV Lifeline
jschmied©2015
All graphics © Russell Kightley
These graphics may not be reproduced
Micro images are Hyperlinked sourced
Use of this presentation authorized if properly credited
Making Progress - AIDS by the numbers
33% decrease in new HIV infections since 2001
29% decrease in AIDS-related deaths (adults and
children) since 2005
52% decrease in new HIV infections in children
since 2001
40-fold Increase in access to antiretroviral therapy
2002–2012
http://www.unaids.org/sites/default/files/media_asset/JC2571_AIDS_by_the_numbers_en_1.pdf
jschmied©2015
About the author:
John Schmied has been a secondary science school teacher for 20 years and is involved in developing
practical, yet innovative, hands on curriculum for teens. In addition he is a Chemical Hygiene Officer
and also created, developed and manages a 6 acre Environmental Center at his school site.
John’s presentations have been viewed worldwide & have
been in the top 5% of Slideshare for multiple years.
During this time John served as the Strategic planner for the
Friends of the Hidden River a 501(C)(3) non profit.
• Over the past 13 years Friends helped King County, WA
design, fund, construct & develop the 14,800 sqft
Brightwater Environmental Center in Woodinville WA.
• John is the Director & a principal developer of the
Ground to Sound STEM Environmental Challenge
course, a locally popular cutting edge environmental
program that merges, Science, Tech, Art, Multimedia
and other disciplines with Leadership studies at the
Center
Prior to this period John served as a U. S. Coast Guard
Officer primarily involved in ice, navigation & search and
rescue operations. His specialties are Ship handling, Diving
and Oceanographic Operations.
John can be contacted via Linked In.

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HIV AIDS presentation

  • 1. All graphics © Russell Kightley These graphics may not be reproduced Micro images are Hyperlinked sourced Use of this presentation authorized if properly credited HIV / AIDS Training • Req’d by Northshore SD • NSD adopted curriculum • Based on: F.L.A.S.H. HIV Lifeline jschmied©2015 HIV virus
  • 2. Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1. What is HIV? an RNA based virus that causes AIDS 1. Attacks the Immune System 2. Destroys the body’s defenses against diseases 3. Body becomes vulnerable to infections & cancers that don’t normally develop in healthy people Graphics © Russell Kightley These graphics may not be reproduced Images are hyperlinked sourced jschmied©2015
  • 3. What does HIV look like? HIV Capsule HIV jschmied©2015
  • 4. What does HIV look like? A cut away view of the virus. jschmied©2015
  • 5. 1. T4 or CD4 Cell 2. Antibodies 2. Two Key Parts of the Immune System HIV jschmied©2015
  • 6. Healthy T Cell & Infected T Cell HIV Particles (yellow) jschmied©2015 T4 cell are particularly important in the adaptive immune system. These cells help suppress or regulate immune responses
  • 7. HIV Transmission Requires: 1. Infected body fluid AND 2. Entry into body jschmied©2015
  • 8. 3. Infected body fluids Four Fluids, if infected, can transmit HIV a. Blood b. Semen c. Vaginal Secretions d. Breast Milk If these enter the body jschmied©2015
  • 9. 4. Which Fluids are safe? Four Fluids that can’t transmit HIV a. Spit/saliva b. Pee/Urine c. Sweat d. Tears jschmied©2015
  • 10. 5. HIV Transmission Three Most frequent ways to get infected 1. Unprotected sexual intercourse 2. Injected Drug Use 3. From an infected mother to her infant. Other, much more rare, ways to get infected a. Blood Transfusions / Organ Transplant (1:600,000) b. Health Care Setting jschmied©2015
  • 11. How Does HIV get into a T Cell? 1. HIV attaches to infection fighting T4 cell 2. Locks on to two entry areas of the T4 cell at once. (Keys in lock) 3. Tricks T4 cell to allow Virus RNA to enter All graphics © Russell Kightley Graphics may not be reproduced w/o permissionjschmied©2015
  • 12. What Does HIV do inside a T Cell? 1. Virus’s RNA changes into DNA 2. Enters Cell nucleus & becomes part of Host’s DNA! 3. Programs T cell to produce virus in abundance 4. New viruses bud off Host T cell, killing T cell, & enters bloodstream 5. New HIV viruses infect more T cells jschmied©2015
  • 13. New HIV viruses leaving a cell jschmied©2015
  • 14. 6. What is the “Window Period?” The time period between a person’s exposure & actual infection with HIV and until antibodies are detectable in the body. • After three months there are usually enough antibodies to show on an AIDS test. Nearly all people (99%) develop antibodies by THREE months. jschmied©2015
  • 15. HIV and the Immune System 7. A person can be HIV infected and not have AIDS if the person’s immune system is intact. Often this period is from 8-10 years. Has no symptoms, person is a carrier. 8. After this period, the immune system begins to lose the fight. At this point the person has AIDS jschmied©2015
  • 16. 9. What does AIDS stand for? A. Acquired I. Immune D. Deficiency S. Syndrome jschmied©2015
  • 17. WHAT IS AIDS ?? 1. The Late stage of HIV infection 2. A group of symptoms & signs of disease that occur together. 3. Severe immune system breakdown 4. Less than 200 T cells (or CD4 cells). Normal 1000 jschmied©2015
  • 18. 10. What happens to someone with fully involved AIDS? Immune system breaks down => Hospital ?? Cause of death - a variety of normally preventable diseases. Some are: a. Pneumonia b. Toxoplasmosis c. Kaposi’s sarcoma d. Mycobacterium Avium complex e. Invasive cervical cancer jschmied©2015
  • 19. 11. Treatment of AIDS & Life Expectancy Treatment helps people live longer. a. In 1993 = less than 7 years b. In 2006 = 20 years or more… ….if properly treated c. New drugs are the cause of the increase 2011: About 33.3 million people worldwide are infected with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. In 2009, the last year for complete statistics, 2.6 million people became infected and 1.8 million people died. jschmied©2015
  • 20. 12. What are the problems with Treatment? a. Have to take lots of pills b. Pills can make people sick – side effects c. Pills don’t work for everyone – or forever d. Pills cost lots of money! 2010 avg cost est. = $398,000 / 20+ years or $1,659 / month Advanced cases = $3,390 / month jschmied©2015
  • 21. 13. Let’s Rewind! Brainstorm respectfully: What are 3 ways you can think of to keep a person safe from HIV/AIDS??? jschmied©2015
  • 22. 14. How to keep safe? 1. No sex = abstinence 2. Have only one uninfected partner = monogamy 3. Use protection = condoms jschmied©2015
  • 23. HIV / AIDS Training • Req’d by Northshore SD • NSD adopted curriculum • Based on: F.L.A.S.H. HIV Lifeline jschmied©2015 All graphics © Russell Kightley These graphics may not be reproduced Micro images are Hyperlinked sourced Use of this presentation authorized if properly credited
  • 24. Making Progress - AIDS by the numbers 33% decrease in new HIV infections since 2001 29% decrease in AIDS-related deaths (adults and children) since 2005 52% decrease in new HIV infections in children since 2001 40-fold Increase in access to antiretroviral therapy 2002–2012 http://www.unaids.org/sites/default/files/media_asset/JC2571_AIDS_by_the_numbers_en_1.pdf jschmied©2015
  • 25. About the author: John Schmied has been a secondary science school teacher for 20 years and is involved in developing practical, yet innovative, hands on curriculum for teens. In addition he is a Chemical Hygiene Officer and also created, developed and manages a 6 acre Environmental Center at his school site. John’s presentations have been viewed worldwide & have been in the top 5% of Slideshare for multiple years. During this time John served as the Strategic planner for the Friends of the Hidden River a 501(C)(3) non profit. • Over the past 13 years Friends helped King County, WA design, fund, construct & develop the 14,800 sqft Brightwater Environmental Center in Woodinville WA. • John is the Director & a principal developer of the Ground to Sound STEM Environmental Challenge course, a locally popular cutting edge environmental program that merges, Science, Tech, Art, Multimedia and other disciplines with Leadership studies at the Center Prior to this period John served as a U. S. Coast Guard Officer primarily involved in ice, navigation & search and rescue operations. His specialties are Ship handling, Diving and Oceanographic Operations. John can be contacted via Linked In.