Windows Azure

Windows Azure Platform
John Alioto
Architect
Microsoft Corporation
john.alioto@microsoft.com

What is cloud?

Public Cloud

Pool of computing resources offered by a vendor, typically using a “pay as you go” model

Private Cloud

Pool of computing resources that lives within a self-managed datacenter

Defining Cloud
Application runs using cloud platform
Application runs
on-premises
Bring my own machines, connectivity, software, etc.
Complete control and responsibility
Upfront capital costs for the infrastructure
Application runs at a hoster
Rent machines, connectivity, software
Less control, but fewer responsibilities
Lower capital costs, but pay for fixed capacity, even if idle
Shared
multi-tenant environment
Offers pool of computing resources, abstracted from infrastructure
Pay as you go

Private
(On-Premise)
Infrastructure
(as a Service)
Platform
(as a Service)
Types of Clouds
You manage
Applications
Applications
Applications
You manage
Runtimes
Runtimes
Runtimes
Security & Integration
Managed by vendor
Databases
Databases
Databases
You manage
Servers
Servers
Servers
Managed by vendor
Virtualization
Virtualization
Virtualization
Server HW
Server HW
Server HW
Storage
Storage
Storage
Networking
Networking
Networking

Types of Clouds
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
Your Application
Deployment
Runtimes
Web Server
Unit of Deployment
OS Services
Provided by
Windows Azure
Operating System
Provided
By
Amazon
EC2
Virtualized Instance
Hardware

Types of Clouds
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
Your Application
Deployment
Unit of Deployment
Runtimes
Can swap out
Web Server
Provided by
Google
AppEngine
OS Services
Provided by
Windows Azure
Operating System
Hardware

Types of Clouds
Software as a Service (SaaS)
Your Application
Runtimes
Web Server
Provided
by
SaaS
OS Services
Operating System
Hardware

Control Versus Economy of Scale
Control
High
Low
Economy of Scale
Low
High

This is Not New …
Build vs. Buy
Control
High
Low
Economy of Scale
Low
High

This is New …
On Premises vs. In the Cloud
Control
High
Low
Economy of Scale
Low
High

Fundamentals
How Microsoft Views the Cloud
Scale Out/In
Automated Service Management
High Availability
Multi-Tenancy
Considerations
Location
On premises
Off premises
Infrastructure
Heterogeneous
Homogeneous
OpEx
CapEx
Business model
Lease/Rented
Owned
Ownership
Third Party
Self
Management

Sample Workloads for the Cloud
“On and Off”
“Growing Fast“
Inactivity
Period
Compute
Compute
Average Usage
Usage
Average
Time
Time
On & off workloads (e.g. batch job)
Over provisioned capacity is wasted
Time to market can be cumbersome
Successful companies need to grow/scale
Keeping up w/ growth is big IT challenge
Complex lead time for deployment
“Unpredictable Bursting“
“Predictable Bursting“
Compute
Compute
Average Usage
Average Usage
Time
Time
Unexpected/unplanned peak in demand
Sudden spike impacts performance
Can’t over provision for extreme cases
Services with micro seasonality trends
Peaks due to periodic increased demand
IT complexity and wasted capacity

Application
Marketplace
Information Marketplace
Personal Data Repository
Application Services
Workflow Hosting
Distributed Cache
Services Hosting
Frameworks
Claims-Based Identity
Federated Identities
Secure Token Service
Declarative Policies
Security
Registry
On-Premise Bridging
Service Bus
Connectivity
Transact-SQL
Data Synchronization
Relational Database
ADO.NET, ODBC, PHP
Data
Compute
C / C++
Win32
VHD
Dynamic Tabular Data
Blobs
Message Queues
Distributed File System
Content Distribution
Storage

“Dublin”
“Velocity”
Frameworks
“Geneva”
Security
Access Control
Project “Sydney”
Connectivity
Service Bus
SQL Azure Data Sync
Data
Compute
Table Storage
Blob Storage
Queue
Drive
Content Delivery Network
Storage

Categories of Services
Software Services
Platform Services
Infrastructure Services
The Microsoft Cloud

The Microsoft Cloud
~100 Globally Distributed Data Centers
Quincy, WA
Chicago, IL
San Antonio, TX
Dublin, Ireland
Generation 4 DCs

Large Scale Datacenters

The Microsoft Cloud
Data Center Infrastructure

Windows Azure
Compute – instance types: Web Role & Worker Role. Windows Azure applications are built with web role instances, worker role instances, or a combination of both.
Operating system as an online service; with automated provisioning and services management
Development, service hosting, & management environment
.NET, Java PHP, Python, Ruby, native code (C/C++, Win32, etc.)
ASP.NET providers, FastCGI, memcached, MySQL, Tomcat
Full-trust – supports standard languages and APIs
Secure certificate store
Management API’s, and logging and diagnostics systems
Multiple roles – Web, Worker, Virtual Machine (VHD)
Multiple VM sizes
1.6 GHz CPU x64, 1.75GB RAM, 100Mbps network, 250GB volatile storage
Small (1X), Medium (2X), Large (4X), X-Large (8X)
In-place rolling upgrades, organized by upgrade domains
Walk each upgrade domain one at a time
Each instance runs on its own VM (virtual machine), replicated as needed
The Fabric Controller communicates with every server within the Fabric. It manages Windows Azure, monitors every application, decides where new applications should run – optimizing hardware utilization.
Guest VM 3
Guest VM 2
Guest VM 1
Host VM
Maintenance OS
Guest VM 1
Host VM
Host VM

SQL Azure
Highly available, scalable, and consistent distributed relational database service; with geo-replication and geo-location of data
VM 5
VM 6
VM 4
DBA role places more focus on policy/logical management
SQL Server
SQL Server
SQL Server
SQL DB
SQL DB
SQL DB
Shared infrastructure at SQL database and below
Each user database is replicated to one or more servers (configurable based on SLA)
Client requests are routed to current “primary server” for read and write operations (based on SQL session)
Security, lockdown and isolation enforced in SQL tier
Highly scalable and state-of-the-art HA technology
Automatic failure detection; client request re-routed to new primary on failure
High SLA guarantee using logical replication (hot standby replicas)
Automatic management, self-healing and load balancing across shared resource pool
Security Model
Uses regular SQL security model
Authenticate logins, map to users and roles
Authorize users and roles to SQL objects
Supports standard SQL logins
Logins are username + password strings
Service enforces use of SSL to secure credentials
Upcoming support for AD Federation, WLID, etc.
Connectivity Model
Connect using common client libraries
ADO.NET, OLE DB, ODBC, etc.
Clients connect to a database directly
Cannot hop across DBs
UserDB1
UserDB2
UserDB3
UserDB4
UserDB1
UserDB2
UserDB3
UserDB4
UserDB1
UserDB2
UserDB3
UserDB4
SQL Azure database provisioning (databases, accounts, roles, …, metering, and billing)
Scalability and Availability: fabric, failover, replication, and load balancing

Windows Azure platform AppFabric
Internet-scoped overlay-network bridging across IP NATs and firewalls with federated access control
Service Bus
Expose RESTful or SOAP services over the internet through firewall and NAT boundaries
Communicate bi-directionally between apps and services in an interoperable manner
Choose relays, queues, routers, and other message patterns and types
Scale out naturally and reliably as apps and services grow
Access Control
Integrate authorization into apps to control “what users are allowed to do”
Federate with multiple identity systems across organizations and ID providers
Easily apply fine-grained access control rules
Secure Service Bus communications
Scale out naturally and reliably as apps and services grow

Sign up at the Windows Azure Platform developers’ portal
Windows Azure access
Developer tools
White papers
Sample applications
Plan pilot applications, proofs of concept, and architectural design sessions with Windows Azure partners
http://www.azure.com

Web Role and Worker Role
Service Instance
Service Instance
Worker Role
Web Role
.NET in Windows Azure
default.aspx
RoleEntry Point
IIS
bind port(x)
SQL Database
http://instance:x
http://instance:y
Service
Bus
Access Control
http://app:80
Fabric Controller
Load Balancer
Table
Storage
Blob
Storage
Queue

Web Role and IIS/FastCGI with Native Runtime
Service Instance
Service Instance
Web Role
PHP in Windows Azure
php
-cgi
index.php
FastCGI
IIS
bind port(x)
SQL Database
http://instance:x
http://instance:y
Service
Bus
Access Control
http://app:80
Fabric Controller
Load Balancer
Table
Storage
Blob
Storage
Queue

Worker Role and Sub-Process Invoking Native Code
Service Instance
Java and Tomcat in Windows Azure
listen port(x)
Service Instance
Worker Role
Sub-Process
Tomcat
server.xml
Catalina
index.jsp
new Process()
RoleEntry Point
bind port(x)
get
runtime
info
SQL Database
JVM
http://instance:x
http://instance:y
Service
Bus
Access Control
http://app:80
Fabric Controller
Load Balancer
Table
Storage
Blob
Storage
Queue

Deeper Dive into Architectures (Future)

Thank you
john.alioto@microsoft.com
blogs.msdn.com/johnalioto
© 2009 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.
The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

Windows Azure

by John Alioto on Jun 28, 2010

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