Intro to Linked Open Data in Libraries Archives & Museums.

http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/pict_u_re/2372235999Linked Open DatainLibraries, Archives & MuseumsSmithsonian Institution @jonvossSeptember 16, 2011Jon VossHistorypin Strategic Partnerships Directorjon.voss@wearewhatwedo.org

Welcome• Goal: a solid, basic, conceptual understanding of Linked Open Data

Welcome• Goal: a solid, basic, conceptual understanding of Linked Open Data• A chance to collaborate with others, share knowledge, expertise, perspective; explore ideas

Linked Open Data in Libraries, Archive & Museums Culture TechnologyLODLAM Law

Linked Open Data in Libraries, Archive & Museums CultureLODLAM

http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/ohiouniversitylibraries/3485066089/

Linked Open Data in Cultural Context• It’s not just Libraries, • Changing expectations from Archives & Museums audiences, curators, technologists• Linked Open Data has evolved in the cultural • Increasingly Collaborative context of shared information, music, movies • http:// mashupbreakdown.com/• From rock to rap to hip-hop to mashups, industry lagging behind cultural change

The DJ in the Library?

History & Mashup Culture +2010 National Archives Photo Contest http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/37377809@N00/5304492185/in/pool-1633053@N21/

History & Mashup Culture http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/37377809

2009 Linked Open Dataphotos by PhOtOnQuAnTiQuE, TED

Linking Open Data cloud diagram, by Richard Cyganiak and Anja Jentzsch. http://lod-cloud.net/

The LOD cloud as a whole grew by 300% in 2010 http://swib.org/swib11/

The LOD cloud as a whole grew by 300% in 2010 whereas the amount of data relevant for libraries grew by nearly 1000% http://swib.org/swib11/

LODLAM is a Growing Movement• in its infancy, but picking up steam• it requires experimentation• small, niche, domain-speciﬁc implementations• use cases, reasons for content providers to get excited about contributing

LODLAM is a product of our increasingly connected culture.• it’s an unfolding story, but it’s awn...• http://lod-lam.net • June 2-3, 100 people gathered from around the world to forward LODLAM in the next year

LODLAM is a product of our increasingly connected culture.• and that’s just the beginning... Linked Open Data

Linked Open Data in Libraries, Archive & Museums TechnologyLODLAM

Linked http://openlibrary.org/works/OL6048721W/Linked

Going from Tables to Graphs http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/thomasjwoods-com/2264301251

Going from Tables to Graphs • nodes and links in a graph

Going from Tables to Graphs• As computing power increases, the ability to build more and more complex graphs becomes a reality.• Human vs. Machine readable msulibraries lookbackmaps msulibraries internetarchive msulibraries librarycongress lookbackmaps internetarchive internetarchive librarycongress

Introducing Triples Nodes & Linksjonvoss

Introducing Triples Nodes & Links followsjonvoss

Introducing Triples Nodes & Links followsjonvoss SILibraries

Introducing Triples Nodes & Links follows jonvoss SILibraries• Quite simply: Subject, Predicate, Object

Introducing Triples Nodes & Links follows jonvoss SILibraries• Quite simply: Subject, Predicate, Object• gives us the ability to describe entities in a way that is machine readable

What do we know about the person: Ed Summers (aside from the fact that he rocks)?Bio: Hacker for libraries, digital archaeologist, pragmatist. bio knows depiction of knows http://inkdroid.org/ehs.rdf

Triples for machines• triples can be serialized in many different ways, including Resource Description Framework, RDF/XML, RDFa, N3, Turtle, etc, but they all describe things in the <subject><predicate><object> format.• of course, we need to be consistent and predictable for machines to understand us.

• we’re almost ready to talk to machines http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/oface/3306994117/

http://inkdroid.org/ehs.rdf

• consider graph demo: http://civilwardata150.net• Civil War vocabulary, or a way to link and traverse across datasets • Regiments, Battles, Places• Building apps that use this data

Now that we can see the code...• Books• Photos• Information

Tim Berners-Lee’s 4 rules of Linked Datahttp://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html

Tim Berners-Lee’s 4 rules of Linked Data• Use URIs as names for thingshttp://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html

Tim Berners-Lee’s 4 rules of Linked Data• Use URIs as names for things• Use HTTP URIs so that people can look up those names.http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html

Tim Berners-Lee’s 4 rules of Linked Data• Use URIs as names for things• Use HTTP URIs so that people can look up those names.• When someone looks up a URI, provide useful information, using the standards (RDF*, SPARQL)http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html

Tim Berners-Lee’s 4 rules of Linked Data• Use URIs as names for things• Use HTTP URIs so that people can look up those names.• When someone looks up a URI, provide useful information, using the standards (RDF*, SPARQL)• Include links to other URIs. so that they can discover more things.http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html

Tim Berners-Lee: 5 Stars of Linked Data• This is NOT all or nothingMore thanks to Ed Summers: http://inkdroid.org/journal/2010/06/04/the-5-stars-of-open-linked-data/

A cautionary word about vocabularies http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/sillygwailo/272291003/

A cautionary word about vocabularies• Caution: what libraries call vocabularies is not necessarily what we mean...• This is how we organize information and triangulate the data we’re looking for• How we agree on predicates• Ontologies like FOAF, OWL, http://id.loc.gov/, VIAF, etc.

In summary Linked• Graphs• Human AND Machine readable• Triples, RDF• Vocabulary, agreed terms for organizing info

Linked Open Data in Libraries, Archive & MuseumsLODLAM Law

The “Open” part of Linked Open Open Data• Considerations and ramiﬁcations• Difference between shared, published, open• Legal tools• Precedents/Examples

Expose yourself, be vulnerable• This is the major cultural shift, the tide rising amongst institutions, that data wants to be free in a culture economy.• There is value in sharing• It does require a leap of faith, but risks and rewards should be carefully considered and calculated• Excellent resource: JISC Open Bibliographic Data Guide http://obd.jisc.ac.uk/

What will happen to your data?• If you want people to do something with your data/metadata, you have to put it out there• But once you do, it’s [mostly] out of your control. Yet it can be a part of something much greater than any of the component parts• Roots and Wings• Lessig: Humility of the Web

What will happen to your data?• working with Open Data from NOAA at wherecamp 2011. http://www.nauticalcharts.noaa.gov/history/CivilWar/

Metadata vs. data, assets, digital surrogates• A key conceptual shift with Open Data is looking at metadata and data as two separate things, that can have different licensing and permissions

http://www.loc.gov/pictures/collection/cwp/item/2003653763/

http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2003653763/marc/

What are the legal tools for publishing Open Data?

Legal Tools• http://creativecommons.org/licenses/• http://www.opendatacommons.org/licenses/ Open Data Published Data CC BY CC BY-NC-ND CC0 CC BY-NC Public Domain Mark CC BY-NDPublic Domain Dedication and License (PDDL) CC BY-SAAttribution License (ODC-By)Open Database License (ODC-ODbL) CC BY-NC-SA

Concerns and Limitations• There is some argument about whether or not metadata can be protected under copyright at all. Copyright protects a creative work, and some argue that metadata is scientiﬁc fact, rather than creative work.• Databases are protected differently in the EU and US, for example.• Public Domain and No Known Copyright Restrictions...• Issuing blanket copyright over all works on a website, even though some may be in the public domain

Examples and precedents• Bibliographic data: • British Library (CC0), University of Michigan (CC0), Stanford (CC-BY) have published large, raw datasets of original bibliographic data they have created

Examples and precedents• Civil War Data 150 • Metadata from contributing federal institutions are largely considered to be Public Domain. • State, local, university & individual researchers are considering policies for metadata publishing on a case by case basis.

Examples and precedentshttp://googleancientplaces.wordpress.com/public-domain/

http://ckan.net/

Sciences leading the way vs. Humanities?• In the sciences, there have been a lot of advances in the realm of Open Data, which will provide models for humanities research as well

Sciences leading the way vs. Humanities?• In the sciences, there have been a lot of advances in the realm of Open Data, which will provide models for humanities research as well • Nano Publishing: the idea of publishing datasets separately from research ﬁndings, so that it can more easily be built upon and integrated into other datasets. Several scientiﬁc journals have already started this.

Sciences leading the way vs. Humanities?• In the sciences, there have been a lot of advances in the realm of Open Data, which will provide models for humanities research as well • Nano Publishing: the idea of publishing datasets separately from research findings, so that it can more easily be built upon and integrated into other datasets. Several scientific journals have already started this. • Federally funded medical research must have a data management plan and some funders are requiring that data be published separately from analysis and findings as Open Data

In summary Open• put it out there...• legal tools• published, shared, and/or open• metadata vs. assets

What Would You Do?• Conceptualizing domains, Linked Open Data projects, collaborations, etc

Google Reﬁne• A tool for large datasets, cleaning and reconciling• http://code.google.com/p/google-reﬁne/• Extremely powerful, though scripting language has not yet been very well documented.• Enables you to reconcile data against the 20 million + known entities in Freebase

Join the LODLAM movement• #lodlam hashtag on Twitter

Join the LODLAM movement• #lodlam hashtag on Twitter• http://groups.google.com/group/lod-lam

Join the LODLAM movement• #lodlam hashtag on Twitter• http://groups.google.com/group/lod-lam• http://lod-lam.net proceedings online and on the road for the next year at various annual meetings and conferences

Join the LODLAM movement• #lodlam hashtag on Twitter• http://groups.google.com/group/lod-lam• http://lod-lam.net proceedings online and on the road for the next year at various annual meetings and conferences• Contribute!

You’re not alone...

http://lod-lam.net	2989
http://blog.historypin.com	1067
http://www.recbib.es	239
http://paper.li	234
http://archivesoutside.records.nsw.gov.au	167
http://lonewolflibrarian.wordpress.com	165
http://bitbiblio.blogspot.com.br	120
http://siarchives.si.edu	114
http://bitbiblio.blogspot.com	109
http://lodlam.net	96
http://bitbiblio.blogspot.pt	14
http://2011webresources.wikispaces.com	10
http://translate.googleusercontent.com	9
http://bitbiblio.blogspot.com.es	9
http://us-w1.rockmelt.com	8
http://webcache.googleusercontent.com	5
http://recbib.es	5
http://feeds2.feedburner.com	4
http://feeds.feedburner.com	2
http://www.smallactionsbigchange.org	2
http://wwmapsw.recbib.es	2
http://new.wearewhatwedo.org	1
http://wearewhatwedo.net	1
http://blog.photography.si.edu	1
http://bitbiblio.blogspot.fr	1
http://192.168.100.33	1
http://www.library.ceu.hu	1
http://news.google.com	1

Intro to Linked Open Data in Libraries Archives & Museums.

by Jon Voss

Accessibility

Categories

Upload Details

Usage Rights

28 Embeds 5,377

Statistics