PHP API

USING RIAK WITH PHP Front Range PHP Users Group - May 12th, 2010 Jon Meredith - Basho Technologies jmeredith@basho.com / @jon_meredith

RIAK BY EXAMPLE • URL Shortener Example in PHP (thx Sean Cribbs) • Creates a short URL that redirects to the real thing • Demonstrates buckets, get and put.

<html> SUBMIT-TO-SELF FORM <h1>URL Shortener</h1> <form method="post" action="<?php echo $_SERVER['PHP_SELF']; ?>"> URL <input type="text" name="url" size="60" value="<?php echo $url; ?>"> <input type="submit" name="submit" value="Shtn!"><br/> <?php if (isset($shtn)) { $surl = "http://$_SERVER[SERVER_NAME]:$_SERVER[SERVER_PORT]"+ "$_SERVER[PHP_SELF]/$shtn"; echo "Shortened <a href='$surl'>$surl</a><br/>"; } if (isset($notice)) { echo "<em>$notice</em><br/>"; } ?> </form> </html>

ON POST <?php include_once "riak.php"; // snip... // Responding to a post } elseif (isset($_POST['url'])) { $url = $_POST['url']; $shtn = shorten($url); $client = new RiakClient('localhost', 8098); $bucket = $client->bucket('shtn'); $object = $bucket->newBinary($shtn, $url, 'text/plain'); $object->store(); } ?>

ON GET if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == 'GET' and isset($_SERVER["PATH_INFO"])) { $client = new RiakClient('localhost', 8098); $bucket = $client->bucket('shtn'); $path_els = explode('/', $_SERVER["PATH_INFO"]); $key = $path_els[1]; $obj = $bucket->getBinary($key); if ($obj->exists()) { $lurl = $obj->getData(); header("Location: $lurl"); exit; } else { $notice = "Unknown redirect for $key"; } }

STUPID COLLISION PRONE SHORTENER DO NOT USE // cheap and cheerful shortener - takes hash with crc32, // converts to base64 and trims non a-zA-Z0-9 characters function shorten($url) { $hash = hash("crc32", $url, true); $str = base64_encode($hash); return preg_replace('/[^a-zA-Z0-9]/', '', $str); }

SHTN DEMO

RIAK & PHP • PHP client http://bitbucket.org/basho/riak-php-client • Uses Riak’s RESTful HTTP interface • Pure PHP - requires the cURL module to be installed

RIAK PHP API • RiakClient - a connection to a single server • RiakBucket - access to bucket properties/objects stored • RiakObject - a key/value/metadata object

RIAK MATH •N - number of replicas •R - number of reads •W - number of writes • DW - durable writes • As long as R+W > N you read your writes

RIAKCLIENT CLASS • Create connection to a server $client = new RiakClient(HOST, PORT); assert($client->isAlive()); • Create a RiakBucket object $bucket = $client->bucket('bucket'); • Get/Change Defaults $client->getR(); $client->getW(); $client->getDW(); $client->setR(1); $client->setW(3); client->setDW(1); $

RIAK BUCKETS • Buckets group related keys together. • Finest level you can conﬁgure Riak at •n value - number of replicas • allow_mult - return conﬂicts to client • r/w/dw - successful reads/writes/durable writes

RIAKBUCKET CLASS • Retrieve objects $obj1 = $bucket->get("missing"); $obj1 = $bucket->get("missing", $rVal); $obj2 = $bucket->getBinary('foo2'); $obj2 = $bucket->getBinary('foo2', $rVal); • Create Objects $obj1 = bucket->newObject('foo', $structuredData); $obj2 = $bucket->newBinary('foo1', $binaryData);

MORE RIAKBUCKET • Modify bucket properties $bucket->getAllowMultiples(); $bucket->setAllowMultiples(TRUE); $bucket->getNVal(); $bucket->setNVal(3); • Modify per-bucket defaults $bucket->getR(); $bucket->getW(); $bucket->getDW(); $bucket->setR(1); $bucket->setW(3); bucket->setDW(1); $

RIAK OBJECTS • RiakObjects hold bucket name, keys, values and metadata. • Metadata includes content type and links. • By default objects serialize using JSON ... can prevent using ‘binary’ objects $bucket->getBinary($key); $bucket->newBinary($key);

RIAKOBJECT CLASS • Access key/data/metadata $object->getKey(); $object->getBucket(); $object->getContentType(); $object->getLinks(); $object->getData(); • Change data/metadata $object->setContentType(); $object->setData(); $object->addLink($obj2,$tag); $object->removeLink($obj2, $tag);

MORE RIAKOBJECT • Store on server $obj->store(); • Reload from server $obj->reload(); • Delete from server $obj->delete(); • Clear contents data/metadata (but not bucket/key/vclock) $obj->clear();

LINKS •A Link store a one-way relationship between two objects, similar to a hyperlink. •A link is a bucket & key plus a user-supplied tag. • Objects can have multiple links. • Riak supports link walking - server side - match on bucket or tag

LINKS EXAMPLE people/alice vip/claire friend [no tag] [no tag] friend friend people/bob people/dean Images http://www.openclipart.org

CREATING LINKS • Create objects with some links $people = $client->bucket('people'); $vips = $client->bucket('vips'); $alice = $people->newObject("alice", array(name => 'Alice'))->store(); $bob = $people->newObject("bob", array(name => 'Bob'))->store(); $claire = $vip->newObject("claire", array(name => 'Claire'))-> addLink($alice, 'friend')-> store(); $dean = $people->newObject("dean", array(name => 'Dean'))-> addLink($alice)-> addLink($bob, 'friend')-> addLink($claire, 'friend')-> addLink($claire)-> store();

LINK WALKING • Walk the links $resultObjects = $object->link($bucket='_', $tag='_', $keep=FALSE); $bucket - match on a bucket name, '_' matches all $tag - match on a link tag, '_' matches all $keep - return results - last link always TRUE. • Examples // Dean’s links array of $alice, $bob, $claire, $claire (duplicate) $deans_links = $dean->link('_')->run(); // Dean’s friends array of $bob, $claire $deans_friends = $dean->link('_','friend')->run(); // Dean’s VIPs array of $claire $deans_vips = $dean->link('vip’)->run(); // Friends of Dean’s friends array of $alice $deans_fofs = $dean->link('_','friend')->link('_','friend')->run(); // friends within 2 degrees of separation - array(array($bob, $claire), $alice) $deans_2degs = $dean->link('_','friend', TRUE)->link('_','friend', TRUE)->run();

LINK WALKING DEMO • http://github.com/schoﬁeld/riak_php_app • Created by Grant Schoﬁeld, Developer Advocate @ Basho

RIAK MAP/REDUCE • Map/Reduce allows you to query Riak • Map function selects/transforms data you want • Reduce function combines the output of the map function • Provide your own functions (in erlang or javascript) or use the builtins

MAP/REDUCE EXAMPLE $bucket->newObject("foo", 2)->store(); $bucket->newObject("bar", 3)->store(); $bucket->newObject("baz", 4)->store(); # Run the map... $result = $client-> add($bucket->name)-> map("Riak.mapValuesJson") -> reduce("Riak.reduceSum")-> run(); test_assert($result == array(9));

SUPPLY YOUR OWN MAPS • Javascript map functions get passed an object { "bucket":BucketAsString, "key":KeyAsString, "vclock":VclockAsString, "values":[{"metadata":{"X-Riak-VTag":VtagAsString, "X-riak-Last-Modiﬁed":LastModAsString, ...other metadata... }, "data":ObjectData }, ...other metadata/data values (siblings)...] } • Returns an array of results

RETURNS KEYS WITH SPACES $map = "function(obj) { if (obj.key.indexOf(' ') == -1) { return [obj.key]; } else { return []; } }"; $result = $client-> add($bucket->name)-> map($map) -> reduce("Riak.reduceSort")-> run();

SUPPLY YOUR OWN REDUCE $reduceMax = "function(values, arg) { values.sort().reverse(); return [values[0]]; }"; $result = $client-> add($bucket->name)-> map("Riak.mapValuesJson") -> reduce($reduceMax)-> run();

OVER TO YOU... • Website http://riak.basho.com • Mailing list riak-users@basho.com • #riak on FreeNode • Twitter @basho (and it follows our devs)

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PHP API

by Jon Meredith on May 13, 2010

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PHP API — Presentation Transcript