Perspectives on the Future of Transportation and Sustainability: The Importance of the Emerging Electric Vehicle (EV)

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    Notes on slide 1

    I’m happy to be hear to share some of my perspectives on the future of transportation and sustainability, and Oregon’s role in the emerging EV industry. I’ll be talking mainly on the broader context of the EV industry. I’d like to share more about Porteon, but we’re a start-up company and we’re keeping a low profile (stealth mode) while we’re in product development. If there’s future interest and we get an invitation back, I’m sure Porteon would be happy to come back when we can share more details with the general public Confidential & Proprietary

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    Perspectives on the Future of Transportation and Sustainability: The Importance of the Emerging Electric Vehicle (EV) - Presentation Transcript

      • Perspectives on the Future of Transportation and Sustainability
      • Oregon’s Role in the Emerging Electric Vehicle (EV) Industry
      John Thornton Vice President of Manufacturing & Supply Chain Porteon Electric Vehicles Oregon SAE Luncheon Meeting February 29, 2008
      • Context: Why are electric vehicles (EVs) important?
      • What are the benefits of an electric vehicle (EV)?
      • What does it take to build a practical electric car for families?
      • Will EVs require new infrastructure?
      • Will EVs require new technology?
      • Oregon’s prospects in the emerging EV market.
      Topics
    1. Transportation Problems CONFIDENTIAL Air Quality Air Quality Land Use Land Use Population Growth Population Growth Congestion Congestion Fuel Prices Fuel Prices
    2. Transportation Problems CONFIDENTIAL Air Quality Air Quality Land Use Land Use Population Growth Population Growth Congestion Congestion Climate Change Energy Supply Climate Change Energy Supply X X Fuel Prices Fuel Prices
    3. Schafer A, Victor D. The future mobility of the world population. Transportation Research Part A 2000;34:171-205. Mobility: History & Projections
    4. IEA Key world energy statistics 2005. IEA, Paris. See also: http://www.iea.org/dbtwwpd/Textbase/nppdf/free/2005/key2005.pdf Global Transportation Energy Consumption by Fuel
    5. Electricity as the Ultimate Flexible Fuel Energy Carrier Liquid Fuels Electricity Hydrogen
    6. Electricity as the Ultimate Flexible Fuel Energy Resource Conversion Energy Carrier Oil (Conventional) Oil (Non-conventional) Biomass Natural Gas Coal Nuclear Syngas Renewables (Wave, Tidal, Geo, Solar, Wind) Liquid Fuels Electricity Hydrogen
    7. Electricity as the Ultimate Flexible Fuel Energy Resource Conversion Energy Carrier Propulsion System Oil (Conventional) Oil (Non-conventional) Biomass Natural Gas Coal Nuclear Conventional ICE: Gasoline/Diesel ICE Hybrid (HEV) Plug-in Hybrid ICE (PHEV–Parallel) Extended Range EV: (PHEV–Serial) Battery Electric (EV) Fuel Cell Electric (FCEV) Battery Syngas Renewables (Wave, Tidal, Geo, Solar, Wind) Electrification Liquid Fuels Electricity Hydrogen
    8. Electricity as the Ultimate Flexible Fuel Energy Resource Conversion Energy Carrier Propulsion System Oil (Conventional) Oil (Non-conventional) Biomass Natural Gas Coal Nuclear Conventional ICE: Gasoline/Diesel ICE Hybrid (HEV) Plug-in Hybrid ICE (PHEV–Parallel) Fuel Cell Electric (FCEV) Battery Syngas Electrification Liquid Fuels Electricity Hydrogen Extended Range EV: (PHEV–Serial) Battery Electric (EV) Renewables (Wave, Tidal, Geo, Solar, Wind) Electricity Extended Range EV: (PHEV–Serial) Battery Electric (EV) Renewables (Wave, Tidal, Geo, Solar, Wind)
      • US annual CO2 output emission rate
      • (lb/MWh)
      Electricity – Growing Greener
      • US annual CO2 output emission rate
      • (lb/MWh)
      Electricity – Growing Greener
      • Electricity – Growing Greener:
      • Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPS)
      • WA: 15% by 2020
      Source: Pew Center for Global Climate Change (September 2008) http://www.pewclimate.org/what_s_being_done/in_the_states/rps.cfm OR: 25% by 2025 CA: 20% by 2010 NV: 20% by 2015 AZ: 15% by 2025 MT: 15% by 2015
    9. Comparison of Energy Crops vs. Electricity
    10. Comparison of Energy Crops vs. Electricity Source: Photon International, April 2007 An average-sized soccer field is 0.75 ha 1 ha is equal to 100 x 100 m 10,000 m 2
    11. Comparison of Energy Crops vs. Electricity 0 *1 Average usage 16kWh/100 km *2 Average usage 7.4 I/100 km fuel equivalent *3 Average usage 6.5 I/100 km fuel equivalent 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 biodiesel* 3 21,500 km bioethanol (from wheat)* 2 22,500 km 60,000 km 67,000 km biomass to liquid* 3 biogas (from corn)* 2 Source: Photon International, April 2007 An average-sized soccer field is 0.75 ha 1 ha is equal to 100 x 100 m 10,000 m 2
    12. Comparison of Energy Crops vs. Electricity 0 *1 Average usage 16kWh/100 km *2 Average usage 7.4 I/100 km fuel equivalent *3 Average usage 6.5 I/100 km fuel equivalent 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 biodiesel* 3 21,500 km bioethanol (from wheat)* 2 22,500 km 60,000 km 67,000 km biomass to liquid* 3 biogas (from corn)* 2 200,000 electricity (Plug-in Hybrid operation)* 1 3,250,000 km Source: Photon International, April 2007 An average-sized soccer field is 0.75 ha 1 ha is equal to 100 x 100 m 10,000 m 2
    13. Comparison of Energy Crops vs. Electricity 0 *1 Average usage 16kWh/100 km *2 Average usage 7.4 I/100 km fuel equivalent *3 Average usage 6.5 I/100 km fuel equivalent 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 biodiesel* 3 21,500 km bioethanol (from wheat)* 2 22,500 km 60,000 km 67,000 km biomass to liquid* 3 biogas (from corn)* 2 200,000 electricity (Plug-in Hybrid operation)* 1 3,250,000 km Source: Photon International, April 2007 An average-sized soccer field is 0.75 ha 1 ha is equal to 100 x 100 m 10,000 m 2
    14. IEA Key world energy statistics 2005. IEA, Paris. See also: http://www.iea.org/dbtwwpd/Textbase/nppdf/free/2005/key2005.pdf Transportation Energy Use by Transport Mode (US)
      • 1. Aviation 8.4 %
      • 2. Petrochemicals
      • 3. Maritime shipping 4.5 %
      • 4. Long haul trucks 19.1 %
      • 5. Rail transport 0.7 %
      • 6. Long trips by car
      • 7. Commuting 61.4 %
      • 8. Picking up the kids (local trips)
      • 9. Driving a Hummer
      Petroleum: A Hierarchy of Requirements vs. Available Substitutes 8.4 % 4.5 % 19.1 % 0.7 % 61.4 %
    15. Source: US Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, 1990 Nationwide Personal Transportation Survey (NPTS), Volpe National Transportation Systems Center, Cambridge, MA, 1991 National Personal Transportation Survey 1990 Personal Vehicle Miles Driven Daily % of Automobiles Miles 100% 75% 50% 25% 0% 30 60 90 120 150 >155 50% drive 25 miles a day or less Approximately 80% drive 50 miles a day or less Drivers in the United States average 25 miles or less per day. – U.S. Dept. of Transportation Data
    16. Propulsive Energy Requirements – Various Modes
    17. Propulsive Energy Requirements – Various Modes
    18. Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule (UDDS)
    19. Acceleration Consumes Energy
    20. Regenerative Braking Recovers Energy
      • Mass Consumes Power (and Energy)
      Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW), lbs. Power (kW) Assumptions: Gear train efficiency 90% Fixed transmission losses 1 ft-lb Cd .3 A = 22 sq ft Rf .8% Speed 35mph Grade 1.5%
    21. Mass Efficiency Automobile Passenger Aircraft Commercial Rail Urban Bus High Speed Rail Freight Truck Freight Rail Cargo Ship Bicycle Gross Moving Mass (Tonnes) Mass Efficiency
    22. Increasing Mass Efficiency in Cars Automobile Passenger Aircraft Commercial Rail Urban Bus High Speed Rail Freight Truck Freight Rail Cargo Ship Bicycle Gross Moving Mass (Tonnes) Mass Efficiency
      • Energy Efficient
        • Mass reduction
          • Lightweight materials – aluminum, advanced composites
          • Smaller size, compact
        • Electric power train
          • Increased efficiency
          • Regeneration
      • Functional
        • Operating range matched with actual use
          • “ Right-size” the vehicle for typical use profile (including energy system)
      • Appealing (curb appeal)
      • Distinctive design
      • Fun / Performance
      • Affordable
        • Acquisition cost
        • Operating cost
      Conclusion: EVs as a Practical Car For Families
      • Existing Infrastructure
      Infrastructure
      • Efficiency
      • Light Weight
      • Energy Storage
      Future Technologies
    23. Vehicle to Grid (V 2 G), Grid to Vehicle (G 2 V) and V 2 H
    24. www.porteon.net
      • Oregon – Early Adopters of Advanced Transportation Technology
      Metropolitan areas where hybrids are most popular
    25. Suggested Reading A Thousand Barrels a Second: The Coming Oil Break Point and the Challenges Facing an Energy Dependent World – Peter Tertzakian Time for a Model Change: Re-engineering the Global Automotive Industry – Graeme P. Maxton and John Wormald The Innovator's Dilemma: When New Technologies Cause Great Firms to Fail – Clayton M. Christensen ZOOM: The Global Race to Fuel the Car of the Future – Iain Carson and Vijay V. Vaitheeswaran Crossing the Chasm – Geoffrey A. Moore
    26. Questions & Answers
      • Contact:
      • [email_address]
      • [email_address]
      • Phone: +001 – 503–806-1760
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