Overview of Descriptive Cataloging

LIB 630 Classification and Cataloging Spring 2012 OVERVIEW OF CATALOGINGDescriptive cataloging(use of AACR2R andapplication of ISBD)

Tell me why we’re doing this, again?• Cataloging : – Is the whole process of preparing an item 1. So that a library user knows that it exists in the library or at another library (adding it to the catalog; this is cataloging proper) – Involves description for access points (possible search points like title, author, etc.) according to strict standards with stringent punctuation rules 2. So that a library user can locate it on the shelf (classification)

What was Cataloging, again?• cataloging – The process of creating entries for a catalog. – In libraries, this usually includes bibliographic description, subject analysis, assignment of classification notation, and activities involved in physically preparing the item for the shelf, tasks usually performed under the supervision of a librarian trained as a cataloger. British spelling is cataloguing.  Online Dictionary of Library and Information Science, ODLIS

Elements of cataloging• From ODLIS definition: 1. bibliographic description 2. subject analysis 3. assignment of classification notation (meaning the symbols used by the classification system) 4. activities involved in physically preparing the item for the shelf

Our focus:• Bibliographic description: – describe and identify all types of material which are likely to appear in library collections, assigns an order to the elements of description, and specifies a system of punctuation for the description • ISBD(G): General International Standard Bibliographic Description. Rev. ed., 1992 Preliminary notes, Scope, purpose and use

So, what is bibliographic description?• Bibliographic description – In a general sense, all the elements of data necessary to conclusively identify a specific document, presented in some form of record. In library cataloging, the detailed description of a copy of a specific edition of a work intended to identify and distinguish it from other works by the same author, of the same title, or on the same subject. In AACR2, the bibliographic record representing an item in the catalog includes the following standard areas of description: title and statement of responsibility (author, editor, composer, etc.), edition, material specific details, details of publication and distribution, physical description, series, notes, and standard number and terms of availability (ISBN, ISSN, price). See also: chief source of information and level of description. –

Elements of bibliographic description Title proper = Parallel title : Other title information [GMD] / Statement of responsibility ; Other statements of responsibility. – Edition area. – Special area for serials, maps, music. – Publication area. – Physical description. – (Series information). – Notes area. – Standard number. • Note the special punctuation (in red). • This is the traditional layout for a printed catalog card

This oblique line indicates that what follows is the statement ofSample catalog card responsibility (i.e. author statement). Note space before and after!

Notice the same oblique line!A computer catalog entry

A Simpler way of organizing this information Title proper = Parallel title : Other title information Area 1 [GMD] / Statement of responsibility Area 2 Edition area Special area for serials, maps, Area 3 music Area 4 Publication area Area 5 Physical description Area 6 (Series information) Area 7 Notes area Area 8 Standard number

AACR2 Cataloging Areas1. Title and Statement of Responsibility Area Includes: Title Proper [GMD] = Parallel title ; Other titles / Statements of responsibility2. Edition Area3. Special Area for serials, maps, etc, and music4. Publication, Distribution, etc. Area5. Physical Distribution Area6. Series Area7. Notes Area8. Standard Number Area

From 2009, an additional area Because this area is so new, there are very few examples of it outthere, and even fewer in school libraries. Area 0 will therefore not be considered in what follows

Area 1: Title and Statement of Responsibility Area Rules 1A-1G1, pp. 15-25.

Contents of Area 1 • Title proper • GMD • Parallel title • Other title information • Statement(s) of responsibility

What are all these words? • Title proper (Concise AACR2 Rule 1B) –AACR2 Glossary • Title proper is the chief name of an item, including any alternative title but excluding parallel titles and other title information. – http://www.iasa-web.org/content/1b-title-proper From website of the International Association of Sound and Audiovisual Archives – i.e. The title proper is the main part of a title, e.g. in The Hunting of the Snark : An Agony in Eight Fits. The title proper is Hunting of the Snark. See a facsimile of the title page at http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/images/modeng/public/CarSnar/CarSnaTi.jpg Notice:There is a space before AND after the semicolon to show where the title proper ends and the additional title information begins!

Next concept?• parallel title (Concise AACR2 Rule 1D) – The title proper of an edition in a language or script other than that of the original title. In AACR2, parallel titles are entered in the title and statement of responsibility area of the bibliographic record (MARC field 245) in the order found in the chief source of information, separated by an equal sign preceded and followed by a space – The Library of Congress records all parallel titles for items issued in the United States.e.g. Father Goriot = Le Père Goriot / Honoré deBalzac Title Proper Parallel Title Statement of responsibility

What else?• Other title information (Concise AACR2 Rule 1E) –Essentially, the subtitle –Includes also alternative title: • The second part of a title proper consisting of two parts, each a title in itself, connected by the word ―or‖ or its equivalent in another language (example: The Female Quixote, or, The Adventures of Arabella), not to be confused with alternate title.* Compare with subtitle. *This information goes in the Notes area (see later).

When to use General Material Designation [GMD]?• When item is something other than a book or serial [text]—see Concise AACR2 Rule 1C (optional!) – Commonest: • electronic resource (used to be computer file) • graphic (previously film strip or slide or transparency) • microform • motion picture • sound recording • videorecording • cartographic material (i.e. map of some kind)If the item to be cataloged is text, then the GMD is rarely used

What about the author area?• Statement of responsibility (Concise AACR2 Rule 1F) – The ―statement of responsibility‖ is a string of characters that follows the title in the library catalog record, usually preceded by a slash (―/‖). The content of the statement of responsibility is taken directly from the title page of the resource, and can read something like: ―by John Smith with illustrations by Maggie Jones.‖ Its role is to show the user how the resource described itself on the title page. • Library terminology informally explained • Note: the title page is considered the ―chief source of information‖ for a book

Chief source of information? – The source of bibliographic data prescribed by AACR2 as having precedence over all others in the preparation of the bibliographic description of an item, usually the title page or a substitute, for example, the title frame at the beginning of a filmstrip or motion picture, or the title screen of a Web page. – [According to Concise AACR2’s Rule 0A, the chief source of information for books is the Title Page] http://

What if there are multiple statements of responsibility? • Example: – The hunting of theNOTE: Snark : an agony, insemicolon eight fits / by Lewiswith spacebefore and Carroll ; with nineafter to illustrations byshow whereeach Henry Holiday.responsibili–Notice the capitalizationtystatement may not be exactly as inends and the original (or what you 1begins might use for a bibliography, either, unless it’s APA!) 2 – See Title page online• AACR2 Rule 1F1 and 2 say to record them in the order and form in which they appear

How would we do that in our simpler organization? Title proper = Parallel The hunting of the Snark : an title : Other title agony, in eight fits / by Lewis Area 1 information [GMD] / Statement of Carroll ; with nine illustrations responsibility by Henry Holiday. Area 2 Edition area Special area for serials, Area 3 maps, music Area 4 Publication area Area 5 Physical description Area 6 (Series information) Area 7 Notes area Area 8 Standard number

Write the statement of responsibility exactly as written on chief source of information, though without qualifications, etc.! Space before and after! • The man of the forest / A novel by Zane Grey ; illustrations bySpace Frank Tenney Johnson.beforeand – Notice thatafter! ―A novel by . . .‖ is part of the statement of responsibility. – But you leave out the ―Author of . . .‖ part!

Put it another way? Title proper = Parallel title : Other title The man of the forest / A novel by Area 1 information [GMD] / Zane Grey ; illustrations by Statement of Frank Tenney Johnson. responsibility Area 2 Edition area Special area for serials, Area 3 maps, music Area 4 Publication area Area 5 Physical description Area 6 (Series information) Area 7 Notes area Area 8 Standard number

AACR2 Rule 1F3Give the statements of responsibility after the titleinformation even if they appear before the title inthe chief source of information • Chief source of information: Title page • See AACR2 Rule 0A• Area 1 entry: – Midnight pleasures / Eloisa James

What do we do about pseudonyms and otherproblems with authors’ names?• authority control – The procedures by which consistency of form is maintained in the headings (names, uniform titles, series titles, and subjects) used in a library catalog or file of bibliographic records through the application of an authoritative list (called an authority file) to new items as they are added to the collection. Authority control is available from commercial service providers. • Example: – Shaw, Bernard, with references from Shaw, G.B. and Shaw, George Bernard.

But we still use the exact form of the name as itappears on the title page—the authority controlcomes in the notes and the subject headings**Older catalogs did use (pseud.)• Title and statement of responsibility: – The prince and the pauper : a tale for young people of all ages / by Mark Twain.• A note (down in the Notes area) might say: Mark Twain is the pseudonym of Samuel Longhorne Clemens. (Although this is so well known, it may not mention his real name at all!)• See the title page and other front matter online!

Less well-known pseudonyms might include the realname • All grass isn’t green / [by] A.A. Fair (Erle Stanley Gardner) – Adapted from Chicago Public Library’s online catalog. • If the title page (remember, the chief source of information for a book, Rule 0A, is the title page NOT the cover) said the same as the cover shown, it would have been written as follows: – All grass isn’t green / Erle Stanley Gardner writing as A. A. Fair.

Or they may not mention it at all!•Example: All Things Considered, February 13, 2005 · By day, Mary Bly is a The two faces of Mary respectable English professor at Bly: her workaday style, New Yorks Fordham University. left; and as she appears on book jackets. But she has a secret -- one might eloisajames.com even say romantic -- double life. As Eloisa James, shes the author of best-selling romance novels like Duchess in Love, and Much Ado About You. http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story. php?storyId=4497605

Extract from Library of Congress catalog•Type of Material: Text (Book, Microform, Electronic, etc.)•Personal Name: James, Eloisa.•Main Title: Midnight pleasures / Eloisa James.•Published/Created: New York : Delacorte Press, c2000.•Description: 360 p. ; 25 cm.•ISBN: 0385333617•Genre/Form: Historical fiction. Love stories.•LC Classification: PS3560.A3796 M53 2000•Dewey Class No.: 813/.54 21

Another rule The Iliad of Homer• If the original author’s name is Done into English Prose given in the title, the name is not by Andrew Lang, M.A. repeated in the statement of Late Fellow of Merton responsibility: College, Oxford – The Iliad of Homer / Done into English prose by Andrew Lang, Walter Leaf, M.A. Walter Leaf and Ernest Myers. Late Fellow of Trinity – http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/etcbin/t College, Cambridge occer- new2?id=HomIlia.xml&images=im and ages/modeng&data=/texts/english/ Ernest Myers, M.A. modeng/parsed&tag=public&part= Fellow of Wadham front College, Oxford – Rules 1B2 and 1F1

Area 2: Edition Area Rules 2A-2C3, pp. 15-27.

Area 2: Edition area• Give the edition statement as found, but with standard abbreviations (Rule 2B): – New ed. for ―new edition‖ – Rev. ed. for ―revised edition‖ – Rev. and enl. 9th ed. for ―revised and enlarged 9th edition‖• Any statements of responsibility specific to this particular edition are placed here (you probably wouldn’t use this that much) (Rule 2C1): – A dictionary of modern English usage / by H. W. Fowler. – 2nd ed. / revised by Ernest Gowers.

The Edition area in the simpler format Title proper = Parallel title : Other title A dictionary of modern English Area 1 information [GMD] / Statement of usage / by H. W. Fowler. responsibility 2nd ed. / revised by Ernest Area 2 Edition area Gowers. Special area for serials, Area 3 maps, music NOTE: Area 4 Publication area as always, there’s a space before and after the / sign showing that what comes after is Area 5 Physical description a statement of responsibility, whether the Area 6 (Series information) person was responsible for the original Area 7 Notes area work, or this specific edition Area 8 Standard number

Area 3: Special area for serials, maps, music (AKA Material Specific Details) Rules 3A-3C2, pp. 27-30.

Area 3: Special area for serials, maps, music• Used for serials (i.e. magazines, journals, etc.): – Indicates numbering and year, and if the serial has ceased publication.• For maps (ONLY if maps are the main content!): – To indicate scale and projection (Mercator, etc.).• For music (but NOT songbooks!): – To indicate the physical presentation (e.g. full score, miniature score, playing score).

An example for a map (actually, in this case 2 maps) Title proper = Parallel title : Central City and Muhlenberg County, Other title informationArea 1 maps for 1980 [cartographic [GMD] / Statement of material]. responsibilityArea 2 Edition area Special area for serials, maps, Scale [ca. 1:12,000] ; ScaleArea 3 music [1:125,000]. [S.l.] : Kentucky AssociatedArea 4 Publication area Publishers, [1980] 2 maps on 1 sheet : both sides ; 46 x 47Area 5 Physical description cm. and 47 x 49 cm., folded to 10 x 22 cm.Area 6 (Series information)Area 7 Notes areaArea 8 Standard number

Area 4: Publication, Distribution, etc. Area Rules 4A-4E3, pp. 30-33.

Area 4: Publication area• Place of publication (Rule 4C) – As found in original (if there are multiple places; give these in the order provided)• Name of publisher or distributor (4D) – In shortest form that can be understood• Date of publication or distribution (4E) – Give the actual date provided, whether it is correct or not (if wrong, provide correct date in parentheses) – Add copyright date if different, putting c before the year—use it, if that’s all that’s given – e. g. c1976

Example• The man between : an international romance / by Amelia E. Barr. -- Du Pre Book Store spec. ed. – New York ; London : The Authors and Newspapers Association, 1906. – Note: Leave out the qualifications (―Author of , etc.‖) (Rule 1F7) and the bit about ―For sale exclusively, etc.‖ (this information might go in Notes if you think it might be important for your patrons (see Rule 7A1).

In our simplified format Title proper = Parallel title : The man between : an Other title informationArea 1 international romance / by [GMD] / Statement of responsibility Amelia E. Barr.Area 2 Edition area Du Pre Book Store spec. ed. Special area for serials, maps,Area 3 music New York ; London : The AuthorsArea 4 Publication area and Newspapers Association, 1906.Area 5 Physical description Note: space ; space betweenArea 6 (Series information) different cities—then space :Area 7 Notes area space for publisher—then noArea 8 Standard number space, date

Area 5: Physical Description Area Rules 5A-5E2, pp. 34-43.

Area 5: Physical description (Rule 5)• Includes, where applicable: – The extent of the item (no. of volumes, no. of pages, etc) – Other physical data (color, type of illustrations, etc.) – Physical dimensions (size-generally in cm.) – Any accompanying materials (e.g. if there’s a cd that comes with a book, or a booklet with a cd, etc.)

Example• Edvard Grieg : the man and the artist = Edvard Grieg : mennesket og kunstneren / Finn Benestad ; Dag Schjelderup-Ebbe ; Translated by William H. Halverson and Leland B. Sateren . – Lincoln : University of Nebraska Press, 1988. -- 366 p., [1] leaf : ill., music ; 30 cm. + 1 sound disc (analog, 33 1/3 rpm, stereo. ; 7 in.).• A leaf is a page with print on one side only (in this case, there is one, and it is not numbered, thus [1]).• [This is partially a fictitious example: the English translation of the Norwegian original did not include the recording]

Simplified Title proper = Parallel title : Edvard Grieg : the man and the artist = Edvard Grieg : mennesket og kunstneren / Other title informationArea 1 Finn Benestad ; Dag Schjelderup-Ebbe ; [GMD] / Statement of Translated by William H. Halverson and responsibility Leland B. Sateren.Area 2 Edition area Special area for serials, maps,Area 3 music Lincoln : University of Nebraska Press,Area 4 Publication area 1988. 366 p., [1] leaf : ill., music ; 30 cm. + 1Area 5 Physical description sound disc (analog, 33 1/3 rpm, stereo. ; 7 in.).Area 6 (Series information) Again, note that there are spacesArea 7 Notes area before and after the punctuation marks that denote the different sectionsArea 8 Standard number

Area 6: Series Area Rules 6A-6F, pp. 43-45.

Area 6: (Series information)• What is a Series? – According to the glossary of AACR2 a series is: ―A group of separate items related to one another by the fact that each item bears, in addition to its own title proper, a collective title applying to the group as a whole.‖ – Series are titles used to group together items with similar characteristics. They might have in common a subject (history of monasteries in France), a format (reprints), a genre (poetry), or merely common publishing characteristics (24 inch guidebooks with yellow covers).

Note: Series ≠ Serial http://www.selu.edu/library/directory/serials/def.html

Example• David Crockett : his life and adventures / by John S. C. Abbott. – New York : Dodd, Mead, 1874. – viii, [7]-350 p. front., plates. 19 cm. – (American Pioneers and Patriots).• front.=frontispiece Series title, often displayed in parentheses (though not always)

Putting it our way Title proper = Parallel title : David Crockett : his life and Other title informationArea 1 adventures / by John S. C. [GMD] / Statement of responsibility Abbott.Area 2 Edition area Special area for serials,Area 3 maps, musicArea 4 Publication area New York : Dodd, Mead, 1874.Area 5 Physical description viii, [7]-350 p. front., plates. 19 cm.Area 6 (Series information) (American Pioneers and Patriots).Area 7 Notes area Series titles are usually put inArea 8 Standard number parentheses

Putting it in the Library of Congress’s wayNotice that LC does not put parentheses around the series Statement—this is common in computer catalogs

Another series example

Area 7: Note Area Rules 7A-7B17, pp. 46-55.

Area 7: Note area• Why notes? – Several notes [may be] included in [a] cataloging record, not necessarily to further describe the item physically, but to indicate further details that might be helpful in identifying the item, or information of interest to someone looking for this book. – There are two categories of notes, formal and informal. Formal notes are those always done in a particular style, often with punctuation that divides titles or performers or other pieces of information. Informal notes are any notes that the cataloger felt might be useful to include, either for the library staff looking at the record, or for the patron accessing the item. • Adapted from Brief Review of Cataloging

Commonest uses for notes• To indicate that the item includes bibliography, index etc. (Rule 7B14)• To provide a summary of the content of a book (especially for children’s books) (Rule 7B13)• To provide information about the grade level, reading level, etc. (Rule 7b11)

Example? Title proper = Parallel title : Building effective learning communities Other title information : strategies for leadership, learning &Area 1 collaboration / Susan Sullivan, [GMD] / Statement of responsibility Jeffrey Glanz.Area 2 Edition area Special area for serials,Area 3 maps, music Thousand Oaks, Calif. : Corwin Press,Area 4 Publication area c2006.Area 5 Physical descriptionArea 6 (Series information) Includes bibliographical references (p.Area 7 Notes area 171-175) and index.Area 8 Standard number

Another example for Notes Title proper = Parallel title : The lion, the witch, and the wardrobe Other title informationArea 1 / C.S. Lewis ; illustrated by [GMD] / Statement of Christian Birmingham. responsibilityArea 2 Edition area 1st American ed. Special area for serials,Area 3 maps, musicArea 4 Publication area [New York] : HarperCollinsPublishers, 2000.Area 5 Physical descriptionArea 6 (Series information) Four English schoolchildren find their way through the back of a wardrobe into the magicArea 7 Notes area land of Narnia and assist its ruler, the golden lion Aslan, to triumph over the White Witch, who has cursed the land with eternal winter.Area 8 Standard number

Alternate title in notes• alternate title (Rule 7B5) – A title found in or on a bibliographic item, that varies from the one given in or on the chief source of information, for example, a title appearing on the label or container of a videocassette that differs from the one given in the videorecording itself. In library cataloging, any alternate titles are entered in the note area of the bibliographic record. – Compare with alternative title. [That’s the one with the ―or‖! • Alternate title example: 4:50 from Paddington / Agatha Christie Notes area: ―Previously titled What Mrs. McGillicuddy saw!‖

Alternate title in our easier display Title proper = Parallel title : Other title information 4:50 from Paddington / AgathaArea 1 [GMD] / Statement of Christie responsibilityArea 2 Edition area Special area for serials,Area 3 maps, musicArea 4 Publication areaArea 5 Physical descriptionArea 6 (Series information) Previously titled What Mrs.Area 7 Notes area McGillicuddy saw!Area 8 Standard number

Area 8: Standard Number Area Rules 8A-8B2, pp. 55-56.

Area 8: Standard number• Rule: – ―Give the International Standard Book Number (ISBN) or International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) or any other internationally agreed standard number of the bibliographic resource being described. Precede that number with the standards abbreviation (ISBN, ISSN, etc.) and use standard hyphenation.‖ • Concise AACR2, 4th ed., Rule 8B1.

Putting it all together Chapter 4

Example of a completebibliographic description• The Annotated Hobbit / Annotated by Douglas A. Anderson. The Hobbit : or, there and back again / J.R.R. Tolkien ; illustrated by the author. – Rev. and exp. ed. – Boston ; New York : Houghton Mifflin, 2002. – xii, 398 p. : ill. (some col.), maps : 25 cm. – Full text of novel with added annotations and illustrations. – ISBN 0-618- 13470-0

BCCLS entry for The annotated Hobbit Alternative title!

Simpler setup Title proper = Parallel The Annotated Hobbit / Annotated by title : Other title Douglas A. Anderson. The Hobbit : or, Area 1 information [GMD] / there and back again / J.R.R. Tolkien ; Statement of illustrated by the author. responsibility Area 2 Edition area Rev. and exp. ed. Special area for serials, Area 3 maps, music Boston ; New York : Houghton Mifflin, Area 4 Publication area 2002. Area 5 Physical description xii, 398 p. : ill. (some col.), maps : 25 cm. Area 6 (Series information) Full text of novel with added annotations Area 7 Notes area and illustrations. Area 8 Standard number ISBN 0-618-13470-0

Another example• The dark-thirty : Southern tales of the supernatural / Patricia C. McKissack ; illustrated by Brian Pinkney. – New York : Dell Yearling, 2001, c1992. -- 166 p. : ill. ; 20 cm. – ―A Yearling Book.‖ – Newbery Honor Book, 1993. – Coretta Scott King Award, 1993. – ISBN 0-679-89006-8• Compare entry from Chicago Public Library’s catalog at http://www.chipublib.org/search/details/cn /2012003

From BCCS

In our simplified display Title proper = Parallel title : Other title The dark-thirty : Southern tales of theArea 1 information [GMD] / supernatural / Patricia C. McKissack ; Statement of illustrated by Brian Pinkney. responsibilityArea 2 Edition area Special area for serials,Area 3 maps, musicArea 4 Publication area New York : Dell Yearling, 2001, c1992.Area 5 Physical description 166 p. : ill. ; 20 cm.Area 6 (Series information) ―A Yearling Book.‖ – Newbery Honor Book,Area 7 Notes area 1993. – Coretta Scott King Award, 1993.Area 8 Standard number ISBN 0-679-89006-8

Example in a different medium• The lion, the witch and the wardrobe [sound recording] / C. S. Lewis ; Paul Scofield ; Elizabeth Counsell ; David Suchet ; Paul McCusker. – [S.l.] : Tyndale Entertainment, cp1998 -- 2 sound discs ; digital ; 4 3/4 in. – (Focus on the family radio theatre. The Chronicles of Narnia 2). – ―Dramatization based on The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe c1950, C.S. Lewis Pte. Ltd.‖ – ―Not recommended for children under the age of 8.‖ – ―Douglas Gresham as your host.‖ – Title from CD cover. – Approx. running time 149 mins.• C=copyright p=copyright for phonographic recording [S.l.]=sine locus i.e. without a place [of publication]

Display from a public library catalogInformation in [ ] has been supplied from another source

Matrix format Title proper = Parallel title : Other title The lion, the witch and the wardrobe [sound recording] / C. S. Lewis ; Paul Scofield Area 1 information [GMD] ; Elizabeth Counsell ; David Suchet ; Paul / Statement of McCusker. responsibility Area 2 Edition area Special area for serials, Area 3 maps, music Area 4 Publication area [S.I.] : Tyndale Entertainment, cp1998. Area 5 Physical description 2 sound discs ; digital ; 4 3/4 in. (Focus on the family radio theatre. The Chronicles Area 6 (Series information) of Narnia 2). ―Dramatization based on The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe c1950, C.S. Lewis Pte. Ltd.‖ – ―Not recommended for children under the age Area 7 Notes area of 8.‖ – ―Douglas Gresham as your host.‖ – Title from CD cover. – Approx. running time 149 mins. Area 8 Standard number

Overview of Descriptive Cataloging

by Johan Koren

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