Ruby para-programadores-php

Ruby para programadores PHPMonday, April 25, 2011

PHP História • Criada por Rasmus Lerdorf em 1994. • Objetivo: Fazer um contador para a página pessoal de Rasmus. • Originalmente era apenas uma biblioteca Perl. • PHP3 escrito por Andi Gutmans e Zeev Suraski (Zend) em 1997/98Monday, April 25, 2011

Ruby História • Criada por Yukihiro Matsumoto (Matz) em 1993. • Objetivo: Criar uma linguagem poderosa que tenha uma “versão simpliﬁcada” de programação funcional com ótima OO. • Matz: “I wanted a scripting language that was more powerful than Perl, and more object-oriented than Python. Thats why I decided to design my own language” • Matz: “I hope to see Ruby help every programmer in the world to be productive, and to enjoy programming, and to be happy. That is the primary purpose of Ruby language.”Monday, April 25, 2011

PHP Variáveis $number = 18; $string = “John”; $bool = true; $array = array(7,8,6,5); $hash = array(“foo” => “bar”); $obj = new Class(“param”);Monday, April 25, 2011

Ruby Variáveis number = 18 string = “John” another_string = %(The man said “Wow”) bool = true array = [7,8,6,5]; word_array = %w{hello ruby world} hash = {:foo => ‘bar’} # new_hash = {foo:‘bar’} obj = Class.new(“param”) # news! ages = 18..45 # range cep = /^d{5}-d{3}$/ # regular expressionMonday, April 25, 2011

PHP Paradigma • Procedural com suporte a OO. $a = array(1,2,3); array_shift($a); => 1 array_pop($a); => 3 array_push($a, 4); => [2,4]Monday, April 25, 2011

Ruby Paradigma • Procedural, totalmente OO com classes (Smalltalk-like), um tanto funcional com o conceito de blocos. Not Haskell thought. a = [1,2,3] a.shift => 1 a.pop => 3 a.push(4) => [2,4]Monday, April 25, 2011

PHP Tipagem • Dinâmica e fraca. 10 + “10”; => 20Monday, April 25, 2011

Ruby Tipagem • Dinâmica e forte. (Aberta a mudanças.) 10 + “10” => TypeError: String cant be coerced into Fixnum class Fixnum alias :old_sum :+ def + s old_sum s.to_i end end 10 + “10” => 20Monday, April 25, 2011

Ruby Tipagem • ...como??? 1 + 1 => 2 1.+(1) => 2 1.send(‘+’, 1) => 2 # “Operações”? Métodos!Monday, April 25, 2011

PHP Fluxo • if, switch, ternário; if($i == $j){ ... } $i == $j ? ... : ... switch($i){ case(“valor”){ TODO } }Monday, April 25, 2011

Ruby Fluxo • if, unless ... if i == j ... end unless cond ... end puts “Maior” if age >= 18 puts “Menor” unless user.adult?Monday, April 25, 2011

Ruby Fluxo • ...case... # default usage case hour when 1: ... when 2: ... end # with ranges! case hour when 0..7, 19..23: puts “Good nite” when 8..12: puts “Good mornin’” endMonday, April 25, 2011

Ruby Fluxo • ...case... # with regexes case date when /d{2}-d{2}-d{4}/: ... when /d{2}/d{2}/d{4}/: ... end # crie seu próprio case class MyClass def === ... end endMonday, April 25, 2011

PHP Iteradores • while, for, foreach; while($i < 10){ ... } for($i = 0; $i < length($clients); $i++){ ... } foreach($clients as $client){ ... }Monday, April 25, 2011

Ruby Iteradores • for in, each, map, select, inject... enumeradores; 5.times{ ... } [5,7,4].each{ ... } [1,2,3].map{|i| i + 1 } => [2,3,4] [16,19,22].select{|i| i >= 18 } => [19,22] [5,7,8].inject{|s,i| s + i } => 20Monday, April 25, 2011

Ruby Iteradores / Blocos • crie seu próprio iterador: def hi_five yield 1; yield 2; yield 3; yield 4; yield 5 end hi_five{|i| ... }Monday, April 25, 2011

Ruby Blocos • power to the people. File.open(“file”, “w”){|f| f.write(“Wow”) } File.each_line(“file”){|l| ... } Dir.glob(“*.png”){ ... } “Ruby para programadores PHP”.gsub(/PHP/){|m| ... } get “/” { ... } # sinatra p{ span “Ruby is ”; strong “cool” } # markabyMonday, April 25, 2011

PHP OO • Herança comum, classes abstratas, interfaces. Como Java.Monday, April 25, 2011

Ruby OO • Classes e módulos. module Walker def walk ... end end # módulo como “herança múltipla” ou “mixin” class Johny include Walker endMonday, April 25, 2011

Ruby OO • Classes e módulos. # módulo como “namescope” module Foo class Bar ... end end variable = Foo::Bar.newMonday, April 25, 2011

PHP OO Dinâmico • __call: Chama métodos não existentes. • __get: Chama “atributos” não existentes. • __set: Chama ao tentar setar atributos não existentes; $obj->metodo(); $obj->atributo; $obj->atributo = “valor”;Monday, April 25, 2011

Ruby OO Dinâmico • method_missing: Tudo em Ruby são chamadas de métodos. obj.metodo # chama o método “metodo” obj.atributo # chama o método “atributo” obj.atributo = “valor” # chama o método “atributo=” class Foo def method_missing m, *args ... end endMonday, April 25, 2011

Ruby OO Dinâmico • inherited... # inherited class Foo def self.inherited(subklass) ... end end class Bar < Foo endMonday, April 25, 2011

Ruby OO Dinâmico • included... # included module Foo def included(klass) ... end end class Bar include Foo endMonday, April 25, 2011

Ruby OO Dinâmico • class_eval, class_exec.... class Foo; end Foo.class_eval(“def bar() ... end”) Foo.class_exec{ def bar() ... end } Foo.bar # works Foo.baz # worksMonday, April 25, 2011

Ruby OO Dinâmico • instance_eval, instance_exec, deﬁne_method.... class Foo define_method(:bar) { ... } instance_exec{ def baz(); ... end } instance_eval(“def qux(); ... end”) end Foo.new.bar # works Foo.new.baz # works Foo.new.qux # worksMonday, April 25, 2011

Ruby OO Dinâmico • attr_(reader|accessor|writer) class Foo attr_accessor :bar end # same as... class Foo def bar() @bar end def bar= val @bar = val end endMonday, April 25, 2011

PHP Comunidade • PECL, PEAR. ... PHP Classes?Monday, April 25, 2011

Ruby Comunidade • RubyGems gem install bundler # install gem bundler gem my_gem # create my own gem cd my_gem rake release # that’s all folks #also bundler install # install all dependencies for a projectMonday, April 25, 2011

Ruby Comunidade • GitHubMonday, April 25, 2011

Monday, April 25, 2011

Ruby para-programadores-php

by Juan Maiz on Feb 06, 2012

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Ruby para-programadores-php — Presentation Transcript