Coaching is defined as a relationship-based process that uses listening skills to help people increase their awareness, expectations, and sense of responsibility. Coaching differs from mentoring and counseling in that it focuses on the future, strengths, and potential rather than the past or problems. Effective coaching requires skills like asking questions, providing feedback, and various types of listening. The coaching process typically involves establishing the relationship, exploring key issues, determining priorities and action steps, providing support, and reviewing progress.