Validation of potential fishing zone (pfz) using satellite data phd credit seminar jitendra i

1. Major Advisor : Dr. S. Benakappa
Presented by:
Jitendra Kumar
ID No. DFK 1303
Department of Fisheries Resources and Management

2. Traditional methods of locating the fishing grounds
Compass & Previous experience
Colour
Bubbles breaking on Surface
Muddy and oily water
Reflection in the Night
Smell
FishAvailability

3. Indirect detection is possible by observing the associated sea
surface phenomena

4. Satellite Remote Sensing can be a very powerful tool
employed in the wise-use of fishery resources, including
its utilization to detect Potential Fishing Zones
The first use of satellite remote sensing in fishery advisory
operations in the US was in 1971
Laurs, 1993

5. Potential Fishing Zone
PFZ is a reliable and short-term forecast on the fish
aggregation zones in the open sea.
What is PFZ?
Potential Fishing
Zone advisories - A promising tool for Precision fishing

7. How it is developed?
Source: Subramanian et al., 2014 and http://www.icargoa.res.in/

8. PFZ advisories are being generated and disseminated to the
entire fishermen community situated -Indian coast
To improve the coverage- Electronic display board (EDB)
has been developed and installed at various fish landing centre
How PFZ is received at the fish landing
centre?
Latest EDB version
Subramanian et al., 2014

9. Components
of PFZ
forecast
Table
Chart

10. How to use PFZ?
It is better to catch fish - day after receiving

11. Fishing at the end of the PFZ advisory will give a
smaller catch

12. Choudhury et al. (2007)

13. If the PFZ is shown as a curve then fishing inside the
curved area will yield maximum catch.

14. When there are two or more PFZ close to each other,
then fishing in between those gives a better catch

15. Fishing on the opposite direction of the shift is
likely to give a much lesser catch or no catch at all.

17. Materials and Methods
April 2007 and March 2011
Three coastal districts
Thiruvallur (1)
Chennai (3)
Kancheepuram (2)
During the study period-
Gillnet gears - used for fishing

18. PFZ
Generation
NOAA AVHRR
Data Extraction
SST Image
Generation
Geometric
correction
SST Computation
Overlay of SST
contours on Chl.
image
IRS P4 OCM
Chl. computation
Atmospheric
Corrections
Data Extraction
Chl. Image
generation
Co- Registration
Interpretation of
Fishery Forecast
PFZ Chart Generation
Generation of fishery forecast

19. Dissemination of PFZ advisories
The PFZ advisories were disseminated to the fishing community
using a wide range of media such as
to enable the fishing community to obtain information and attempt
for more fishing in the PFZ

20. Results
Thiruvallur Dist.

21. Chennai District

22. Kancheepuram district
Rabbit fish
(Siganus javus)

23. Total fish catch in three coastal districts of North Tamil Nadu

24. Experimental fishing

26. Number of beneficiaries in the fishing community

28. Materials and Methods
Total of 87 validation experiments were carried out during 2009-12
Identical vessels of three categories
gillnetters,
trawlers and
longliners
For validation experiments within and outside PFZs.
Mann-Whitney U test using statistical package
Gut contents of pelagic fishes- (PFZ and non-PFZ viz.)
Sardinella spp. (Clupeidae)
Rastrelliger spp. (Scombridae) and
Megalaspis cordyla (Carangidae)
Feedback data also collected.

29. Fish catch: PFZ vis-à-vis non-PFZ:
Results
Descriptive statistics for the total fish catch

30. Species contribution
PFZ vis-à-vis Non PFZ from gillnetters

31. PFZ vis-à-vis Non PFZ from trawlers

32. PFZ vis-à-vis Non PFZ from longliners

33. Gut contents of fishes within and
outside PFZ
Major gut contents of pelagic fishes
A total of 461 fish specimens including 155 clupeids, 190 scombrids
and 116 carangids were considered

34. Gut content analysis revealed significant variation between the
PFZ and Non-PFZ .
For sardines (Sardinella spp.),
92% Fish (PFZ)
full stomach
fully digested greenish mass as major diet
i.e. better availability of food
46% Fish (non-PFZ)
full-stomach

35. Significantly higher in notified (PFZ) area
Discussion

36. The fluctuations in the physical, chemical and
biological oceanographic conditions have influence on
the periodic and seasonal migration of fishes
Kawasaki et al. (1991)

37. Kripa et al. (2014)
PFZ advisory maps released by the INCOIS during 2003-07
regions of the Arabian Sea off Kerala with depths less than 50 m
occurred more in the PFZ advisory maps than the mid
continental shelf region and the continental slope.

38. Positive relationship between PFZ and abundance of commercially
important pelagic fishes.
CPUE was more- PFZ
Extra quantity of fish caught- 2 to 6 times - PFZ
Extra benefit obtained 2 to 7 times - PFZ

39. Validation off Karwar showed that catch was significantly higher in
notified (PFZ) area with high densities as compared to non notified
(non-PFZ) regions.
Radhakrishnan et al. (2004) reported more or less same fish catch in both IPFZ
and Non-IPFZ locations based on the validation studies carried out along the
Mangalore coast.
Choudhury et al. (2007)

40. Subsequently the usefulness of the technology for
locating pelagic fish concentration along Kerala coast was
established based on validation attempted since 1996 -
(Pillai et al., 1996, 1997, 1998, 2000, 2006, 2007)

41. Things to avoid
Avoid fishing at the end point of the PFZ advisory, it will yield a
lower catch.
Avoid fishing on the opposite direction of the shifting feature as
the fish moves in the direction of the shift.
Fishing is to be avoided during day time as the fishes dive to
deeper areas during day time because of the sunlight.
Ideal time is to fish during late evening or early morning.
Indiscriminate fishing of small sizes of fishes.

42. Helps to locate the fishing grounds
Saving on valuable fuel and human work
Reduction in search time by 30 to 70 %
Fishing period reduced from 3-5 days to 1-2 days
Traditional fishermen can benefit by the use of PFZ forecast
when available near shore
Conclusion
(Solanki et al., 2005; Nammalwar et al., 2013
and Subramanian et al., 2014)
(Subramanian et al., 2014)
(Simpson, 1992 and Subramanian et al., 2014)
Choudhury et al. (2007)
Solanki et al., 2002, 2003

43. It is necessary to utilize available technology and
scientific tools like remote sensing in order to
ensure economically viable fishing by reducing the
search time for productive fishing grounds.

44. CHATURVEDI, N., NARAIN, A., GULATI, D. K., JOHN, M. E. & SOMVANSHI, V. S. (2000) Interrelationship
between satellite derived chlorophyll and temperature profile from cruise data: a study for Arabian sea on seasonal basis.
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SOLANKI, H. U., DWIVEDI, R. M., NAYAK, S. R., GULATI, D. K., JOHN, M. E. and SOMAVANSHI, V. S. 2003.
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45. Acknowledgement
Chairman: Dr. S. Benakappa
Professor and Head, Dept. of FRM
Members: Dr. Sujitha Thomas
Senior Scientist,CMFRI, Mangalore
Dr. H.N. Anjanayappa
Associate Professor, Dept. of FRM
Dr. S.R. Somashekara
Associate Professor, Dept. of FRM
Dr. Lakshmipathi M.T.
Associate Professor,Dept. of AEM
Mr. A.S. Kumar Naik
AssistantProfessor, Dept. of FRM