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Incineration Plants
Full range of measurement instrumentation
and solutions
Waste storage pit
Overhead crane
Feed hopper
Ram
feeder
Reciprocating grate
Slag discharge
Wet deslager
Primary air distribution
Primary air
Secondary air
Flue gas
recirculation
Four-pass steam generator
Steam drum
Flue gas conveyance
Primary air
fan
Secondary air
injection
Wet
deslagger
Incineration plants
A waste-to-energy plant is a modern term for
contemporary incinerators that burn waste in
highly efficient furnaces/boilers to produce
steam and/or electricity. Incineration is a
waste treatment technology that involves
the combustion of organic materials and/or
substances. Incineration and other high
temperature waste treatment systems are
described as thermal treatment“. The
incineration of waste materials converts the
waste into ashes, flue gases, particulates and
heat which can, in turn, be used to generate
electricity.
Cross section of a waste incineration plant
Electrostatic  precipitator
External
economizer
Gas-to-gasheatexchanger1
Scrubber
Gas-to-gasheat
exchanger2
Induced
draft
fan
SCRcatalyst
Stack
Acid
flue ash washing
Waste scrubber water tank
Lime milk
station
Zinc filter-
storage
Secondary air
fan
Muffler
Content
Level measurement in the steam drum:	 4
	 Traditional dp level measurement:	 4
	 Innovation: Higher plant availability with
	 guided radar measurement:	 5
Level measurement using guided radar:	 6
Pressure and temperature measurement
in water/steam systems	 7
Temperature measurement in the boiler:	 8
Temperature measurement engineering:	 9
	 Graphic configurator for temperature:	 9
Optimizing the water/steam systems	 Page
1
2
3
Deltatop dp flow measurement in steam/water/air:	 10
	 Differential pressure flow devices:		 10
Liquid analyzer in feedwater:		 12
4
Page
5
Optimizing further applications	 Page
Level and flow measurement at the scrubber	:	 14
Limit and continuous level measurement in silos:	 16
6
7
Complete supplier	 Page
Comprehensive solutions for power plants:		 17
State-of-the-art calibration services		 18
Strategic Alliances/Life cycle management		 19
4
M
V L
37.4 %
887 psi
752 °F
-.098”
LZAHH
LZALL
430 °F
1.1 1.1
1.2
1.2
Superheater 2
Superheater 1
Primary air preheater
Steam gas drum
Steam drum
Optimizing the water/steam systems
Traditional dp level measurement
The key element of the plant is the boiler drum. Its
main task is the provision of feedwater, after it has
been preheated, to the external economizer, the
superheaters and tube nests. Furthermore, saturated
steam is withdrawn at this point for primary air and
feedwater preheating.
Level measurement, the actual key to steam quantity
and turbine control, must be highly reliable and
consistently available. This main parameter is usually
kept constant by a combustion control (multi-
component control). However, different parameters
of the partly vaporous partly liquid medium to
be measured, i.e. water, a boiler pressure of up to
725 psi and temperatures of up to 509 °F place
particularly high demands on the instrumentation
and its corrective calculations.
To achieve a correct measuring signal, the
consistencies of the medium in the drum, the
condensate reference column, the communicating
water column (if externally arranged) and of the
superimposed steam in the drum must be taken into
consideration.
Traditionally, a ∆P measuring point, e.g. Deltabar S
PMD75, has been used for this task. The corrective
calculation of the medium data can be statically
realized for the main operating point of the boiler
drum and set as a corrected measuring range in ∆P.
Special know-how is indispensable as well as a
correct commissioning and calibration procedure,
e.g. when filling reference columns or impulse lines.
If a sliding corrective calculation is required,
correcting components of the DCS/PCS manufacturer
can be easily engineered and configured.
Level measurement in the steam drum1
dp level measurement of the steam drum with Deltabar S PMD75
1.1 Deltabar S - differential pressure
for level measurement
Deltabar S differential pressure transmitter is used as
a standard for level measurement in the water/steam
system.
• Very good reproducibility and long-term stability
• High reference accuracy
• Quick commissioning
Deltabar S PMD75
1.2
Levelflex M – guided microwave
level measurement
Levelflex provides level measurement of condensed
steam in front of the turbine in the main condenser
(hotwell), as well as level measurement at the low
pressure preheater, feedwater tank, high pressure
preheater and boiler drum. Levelflex provides
cyclic automatic gas phase compensation, the ideal
solution for precise level measurement in all steam
applications.
Levelflex is independent of:
•	 Density fluctuations
•	 Changing dielectric numbers
•	 Gas covering of steam
•	 Pressure and temperature changes
•	 Vacuum (e.g. in main condenser hotwell)
This results in a better solution than differential
pressure for level measurement, providing:
•	 More reliable measurement
•	 Increased safety
•	 Easier installation
Innovation: Higher plant availability
with guided radar measurement
As an alternative to differential pressure,
levels can be determined by Levelflex M
FMP45 guided wave radar. The instrument
may be installed directly from the top
using a coaxial tube in the boiler drum or
in a bypass chamber next to glass gages.
Endress+Hauser can provide the entire
bridle/sight glass assembly upon request.
Gas phase compensation was developed for
these specific applications, in which steam
phases occur, to dynamically compensate
for the time-of-flight shift which naturally
occurs in steam phases. A defined reference
section at the probe combined with an
electronic software algo-rithm corrects the
level value automatically and continually
thus offering correct and safe measurement.
Furthermore, purging and filling of
differential pressure pipes after stoppages is
a thing of the past.
Level measurement in the steam drum with Levelflex M FMP45
(2 out of 3 installation) Level steam drum
Visual steam drum level control through a
sight glass
Levelflex is ideal as a displacer replacer. It has no
mechanical moving parts and, therefore, no wear and
tear. Levelflex is suitable for pressures up to 5,800
psig and temperatures up to 752 °F.
Levelflex M FMP45 as rod
version up to 536 °F
Levelflex M FMP45 as coax
version up to 752 °F
1.2
High pressure
preheater
Boiler feed pump
Feedwater
tank
Generator
Low pressure
preheater
Condensate
pump
Additional condensate
from full
desalination
Preheater
Intermediate heater
Superheater
Boiler
To flue gas cleaning
Vaporizer
furnace
Steam turbine
Condensate
Main condenser
(hotwell)
Steam
drum
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
Level measurement innovation using guided radar1
Hotwell (main condenser) Low pressure preheater
High pressure preheater
The boiler feedwater circulates within
the water/steam circuit. This is the main
component in the power plant. After
the steam has condensed in the main
condenser, pumps convey the feedwater
through subsequent low and high pressure
heaters into the boiler. When it arrives at
the boiler, the feedwater is vaporized to
saturated steam under high pressures (up
to 1,595 psig) and high temperatures (up
to 605 °F). Passing through several levels
of superheater, the steam is then supplied
to the turbine to drive the generator.
Condensation in the main condenser
begins again and the entire procedure is
repeated.
Monitoring levels in the hotwell, low and
high pressure preheater, feedwater tank
and boiler drum are of great importance
for safe operation of the circuit.
0.0 %
0.1 % 12.4 t/h
710 psi 754 °F
HP Collector
27 psi 27 psi
25 psi
269.9 °F
LP Collector
122 psiA
392 °F
353.4 °F
353.6 °F
A
0.0 % 0.1 %
0.2 %
352 °F
352 °F
392 °F A
120 psi
119 psi
352 °F
MP Collector
R
27 psi
270.5 °F
270.5 °F
285.8 °F
0.0 %
A
269.9 °F
268.8 °F
284 °F A
A
V
V
V
710 psi A
R
2.1
2.2 2.2
Pressure and temperature measurement in water/steam systems 2
2.1 Cerabar S
•	 High pressure impact resistance in the water/		
	 steam circuit
•	 Fast commissioning via quick set-up menu
•	 Unique safety concept for your process application
Overheated steam from the superheaters of the
boiler enters the steam distributors. This steam is
fed to different consumers from the distribution
station, turbine, feedwater heater (degasser),
process steam for chemical or life sciences plants,
warm water heat exchanger for utility-supplied
heat, etc. In order to serve all processes, the steam
pressure has to be reduced to three levels:
•	 High pressure steam ≈ 710 psi
•	 Medium pressure steam ≈ 120 psi
•	 Low pressure steam ≈ 25 psi
A selection of instruments which measure this
process with the highest degree of accuracy is:
Redundant pressure monitoring at the high and medium
pressure distributor and a redundant temperature
monitoring in the main pressure pipe by TC15 and the
RIT261 display.
Cerabar S
TC15
2.2 Omnigrad TC15 and TC88
•	 Predominant use of D4 or D5 solid protecting pipes
•	 Preferred materials:
	 - 16Mo3/1.5415
	 - 13CrMo4-5/1.7335
•	 HART®, head or DIN rail transmitter
The complete measuring point includes the
thermometer and the option of iTemp head, rail or
field transmitters.
Temperature measurement in the boiler3
LAH LAH
1,076 °F
971.7 °F
12392 Nm³/h
.08 psi
320.7 °F
406.5 °F
PSAL
Reciprocating grate
Vessel ceiling Superheater Electrostatic precipitator
Four-pass steam generator and electrostatic precipitator
Temperature measurement at the superheater, horizontal flue
Temperature measurement on the boiler ceiling
TAF16
3 Omnigrad S TAF16
Thermocouple with a protecting tube of metal
•	 Customized immersion length
•	 Exchangeable measuring insert
•	 Internal ceramic protective sheaths
•	 Thermocouples with different diameters
•	2-wire transmitter PC-programmable (4-20 mA),
	 HART®
, Profibus®
and Foundation Fieldbus™
•	 Double sensing element
•	 Various materials
The waste conveyed to the reciprocating grate is kindled
while applying primary and secondary air which also
influences and controls the incineration. Temperature
measurement in the combustion chamber contributes
decisively to the reduction of emissions and pollutants.
Temperature measurement arranged directly in the lateral
boiler walls at different levels or sensors located in the
burn-up zone as well as in the passage of further boiler flues
provide information on the combustion temperature.The
length and the material of the protecting pipes as well as the
mechanical and chemical strain are decisive for the corrosion
and useful life of the thermocouples. The aggressiveness of
the flue gas must not be dismissed either.
The following materials are predominantly used in furnaces:
•	Burn-up zones:
Predominantly 1.4762 / AISI446 or alternatively 1.4841
/ AISI310, Type K respectively. The length of the
thermocouples is determined by the lining thickness and
considerations such as avoidance of mechanical damage by
slag or similar materials.
•	Boiler walls adjacent to the grate:
Since the installation is mostly realized with a slight
inclination the protecting pipes may bend downwards. The
vicinity to auxiliary burners and liquid injections might
have a negative influence in this situation.
•	Boiler combustion chamber ceiling:
Since the thermocouples are directly mounted in the flue
gas flow we recommend the use of a protective pipe of
1.4876 / Incoloy 800HT with a solidly designed top or
alternatively 1.4767 / Kanthal AF®
.
•	Superheater and economizer:
The flue gases have now released their high temperatures
to the tube nests and other components inside of the steam
generator. Thermocouples with protecting pipes of 1.4762 /
AISI446 are used at this point.
Temperature measurement engineering


View of the burn-up zone/grate
Graphic configurator for temperature
Today, the crucial factor of success is cost optimizing across
the whole life cycle of a plant. The engineering costs for a
temperature measuring point are frequently higher than
the purchasing costs of the product itself and engineering,
commissioning and maintenance costs together might
amount to three times the purchasing costs. For this reason,
Endress+Hauser has developed the graphic configurator
together with its customers. The same supports engineering
in particular with user-friendly navigation. It is thus a useful
aid, from sizing, to the operation of a temperature measuring
point.
	Safe sizing of a temperature measuring point with graphic
tracing and integrated calculation modules
	Further information per click:
Learn More area,
Knowledge data base,
Product sheet,
Installation instruction,
Technical documentation,
Certificates,
Spare part tracking tool including spare part list
The graphic configurator is part of the Endress+Hauser
Applicator as described on page 22.
10
Deltatop dp flow measurement system in steam, water and air4
Typical dp flow applications
Recommended primary elements
HP superheated steam into
turbine
Venturi tube/
venturi nozzle
For lowest pressure loss,
meets ISO 5167 requirements
LP saturated steam/
condensate return
Orifice plate	 Common standard,
meets ISO 5167 requirements
ISA or venturi nozzle Excellent long term stability,
meets ISO 5167 requirements
Vortex (Prowirl 73) Calibrated, easiest and cost
effective solution up to 6
Primary- and secondary
air flow
Venturi tube For lowest pressure loss,
reduces energy,
meets ISO 5167 requirements
Differential pressure flow devices - proven in practice. The way to
avoid legal disputes on steam measurement.
The ISO 5167 standard details the design and volume calculations for
orifice plates, venturi tubes and nozzles. This gives significant advantages
over other dp types (such as pitot type devices) where no specific standard
exists. It is important in contractual or legal agreements to have a common
calculation basis to avoid disputes about the volume measured.
As an example, it is possible that a new power plant does not produce the
thermal efficiency specified in the contract. The boiler supplier and the
turbine manufacturer might disagree about the amount of steam actually
supplied to the turbine. The use of an agreed standard and a meter of fixed
design ensures that third party experts can easily validate the meter, the
installation and the design calculations for the steam volume. This will
eliminate any potential dispute regarding the energy contained in the
steam flow so that thermal efficiency can be accurately quantified.
Since the primary element has to be engineered to specific customer or
project requirements and sized correctly to provide the required metering
accuracy laid down in ISO 5167, the following information must be
supplied:
•	 Mass flow or volume flow range
•	 Type of primary element preferred
•	 Range of differential pressures required
•	 Acceptable maximum permanent pressure loss
•	 Nominal pipe diameter
•	 Operating temperature
•	 Operating pressure
•	 Standard base conditions used for reference calculations
The choice of the primary element may be important if permanent
pressure loss is an issue or is limited by process requirements. Reference
texts show the permanent pressure drop as a function of the differential
generated as:
•	 Long pattern venturi tube 	 10-15 %
•	 Short pattern venturi tube 	 10-20 %
•	 Venturi nozzle 	 10-20 %
•	 Nozzle 	35-60 %
•	 Orifice plates 	35-70 %
It is not just the primary element selection that is important. The inclusion
of condensation chambers, valve manifolds, impulse line length and
the location of pressure and temperature sensors is also important in
determining the overall system uncertainty as well as assuring a reliable
and safe measurement system.
11
Typical cost saving case study*
What are the savings by using a venturi tube instead of an orifice plate
metering the steam into the turbine?
Steam parameters: 580 psig, 752 °F, 100 t/h
Condensation turbine with exhaust pressure 0.725 psig
Power generation: 21.25 MW
Annual runtime 8,000 h
Savings per MWh produced: $100
Pressure loss of venturi tube = 1.74 psig
Pressure loss of orifice plate = 17.4 psig
Using a venturi tube instead of an orifice plate increases the power generation
output from 21.19 MW to 21.25 MW due to the lower pressure loss at the
metering point.
This increases the annual energy production by 543 MWh and leads to a savings
in excess of $54,000 per year.
*Average figures at an incineration power plant
Operating instructions for
5-valve manifold
Venturi nozzle with condensate pot
and shut-off valves
Deltabar S
Deltatop - steam flow measurement with Deltabar S and annular
chamber orifice (710 psi/752 °F)
4 Deltabar S - the heart of any dp flow
measuring system
•	 Clear on-site programming with display
•	 Easy and fast commissioning via Quick Setup menu
•	 The HistoROM memory module for fast
	 recommissioning in case the transmitter needs to
	 be replaced
•	 Single-side overload resistance of 6,100 psi (9,140 psi
	 for both sides) provides unsurpassed process safety
Our service:
www.applicator.com gives you free of charge selection and sizing of your
flow measuring system as per ISO 5167 standards.
Furthermore, the dp-flow competence team at Endress+Hauser ensures
that each custom-made Deltatop dp-flow solution fits correctly. This makes
Endress+Hauser the right partner for dp-flow applications.
12
High pressure
preheater
Boiler feed pump
Feedwater
tank
Generator
Low pressure
preheater
Condensate
pump
Additional condensate
from full
desalination
Preheater
Intermediate heater
Superheater
Boiler
To flue gas cleaning
Vaporizer
furnace
Steam turbine
Steam
drum
pH
Conductivity
Oxygen
Condensate
pH
Conductivity
Oxygen
pH
Conductivity
Oxygen
Oxygen sensor COS21D
Conductivity sensor CLS15D pH sensor CPS41D
Liquid analysis in feedwater5
The feedwater of a steam generator must
meet certain requirements. It must be free of
hardness which would cause the formation
of stones and sludge (scale) in the boiler.
The formation of scale on the walls of the
steam generator increases the sheet metal
temperature thus impairing the stability of
the boiler sheets.
Dissolved gases, e.g. carbonic acid and
oxygen, as well as free acids are also not
permitted in the water. They would cause
corrosion of the boiler sheets and pipes.
Finally, the water must be free of mechanic
contamination and colloidally dissolved
substances like oils and greases to avoid
foaming of the boiler content.
5.1 Conductivity sensor CLS15D
Why is conductivity measured in the water/
steam circulation system?
The conductivity measurement detects the
feedwater concentration of ions and measures it in
µS/cm. A change in conductivity during operation
indicates impurity in feedwater quality.
5.2 pH sensor CPS41D
Why is the pH value measured in the water/
steam circulation system?
The pH value, (the concentration of hydrogen ions)
shows whether a solution is acid, neutral or alkaline.
The pH value measurement monitors the feedwater
to protect the pipes against corrosion and build-up.
5.3 Oxygen sensor COS21D
Why is O2
measured in the water/steam
circulation system?
The feedwater oxygen concentration is stated
in mg/l. High oxygen concentrations promote
corrosion of the steel pipes by electrochemical
processes and must be continually monitored.
13
Liquiline CM42
Memosens technology
5.4 Liquiline M
Liquiline is a modular two-wire transmitter for pH,
conductivity and oxygen measurement in water-
steam circulation systems. Variants are available to
connect Liquiline to bus systems like Foundation
Fieldbus™, Profibus®
and HART®
protocol.
•	 Easy commissioning with Quick Setup and 		
	 Navigator button
•	 Predictive maintenance system recognizes when
	 a sensor has to be cleaned, calibrated or replaced
•	 Combined with Memosens cable breakage is
	 indicated on the display
•	 User-guided commissioning, graphic display and
	 plain text menu
•	 Modular concept: sensor module exchangeable
5.5
Digital sensor for pH value, O2
and
conductivity: Memosens
Memosens, the first digital sensor worldwide, may be
precalibrated at the laboratory. An inductive plug-in
connection with bidirectional signal and energy transfer
ensures perfect transmission of digital signals between
sensor and transmitter. The calibration values are stored
in the sensor. The inductive plug-in connection is free of
metal and excludes all impairments as they might occur in
conventional connections which are not without contact:
•	 Safe, non-contact measurement also in case of humidity
•	 Process data is stored directly in the sensor
•	 Measured data cannot be falsified
•	 Calibration possible at the laboratory
•	 Significantly shorter downtimes of the measuring point
•	 Easier installation without special cable
•	 Predictive diagnostics directly in the sensor system
14
A
A
Flue gas washing level 3
Flue gas washing level 2
Flue gas washing level 1
70.5 %
.43 psi
.43 psi
7.0 pH
7.1 pH
59.8 %
43.5 psi
29 psi
59.5 %
57.0 %
131 °F
6.1
6.2
6.2
6.2
6 Level and flow measurement at the scrubber
Level and flow measurement at the scrubber
Flue gas is washed in several stages in the scrubber. A
non-contact system is recommended to measure the water
circulation of the scrubber sump and the ring jet stage since
the medium contains acid flue gas components and a dry
content of 0.1-2 %. The pH-value of the scrubber sump usually
ranges between pH 0.8-1.5. The installation of ultrasonic
transit time clamp-on, non-intrusive sensors is recommended
with only one traverse because of this dry content. A single
traverse configuration also helps in achieving higher acoustic
signal strength values on rubber lined pipes which are
typically used in these applications. The response time of this
measurement directly influences scrubber protection, i.e. after
starting the quench pumps a flow of more than 100 cu. yds./h
must be achieved within less that 10 sec. - otherwise the
scrubber has to be restarted.
Ring jet stage
Quench water flow measurement on a rubber lined pipe
Prosonic 93P
6.1 Prosonic 93P clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeter
Prosonic 93W is an ultrasonic measuring instrument installed directly
on pipelines via clamp-on sensors. The transmitter, which is mounted
separately, completes the measurement system
•	 External installation allowing easy retrofit with no pipe modifications
•	 Maintenance-free with no moving parts
•	 No obstructions in the pipeline and no pressure loss
•	 Economical alternative for large diameters up to 158”
•	 Portable ultrasonic transmitter for verification and spot checking 		
	 applications
15
To prevent the flue gases from flowing un-washed
through the scrubber, several stages within the
scrubber are filled with water and their levels are
controlled.
The acid stage or sump is located at the scrubber
inlet, then up to two packed bed stages follow, in
which the flue gas is offered a large quantity of
packing material, wetted by scrubbing water. The
solids stay on the packing material, are washed out
and moved downwards.
To scrub the remaining suspended solids, the flue
gas must pass spraying nozzles on the ring jet stage
for the last time and is subsequently made neutral
with a pH-value of 7.1.
To monitor all differential pressures and gas
washing levels, remote seal differential pressure
transmitters of the FMD78 type with tantalum
as wetted parts are used, partly in a redundant
fashion.
Deltabar S FMD78
remote seal version
6.2 Deltabar S FMD78
•	 Very good reproducibility and long-term stability
•	 High reference accuracy: up to ±0.075%
•	 100:1 turn down, higher upon request
•	 Applications for flow and differential pressure 		
	 monitoring up to SIL3, certified by TUV SÜD 		
	 according to IEC 61508
•	 Memory module HistoROM®
/M-DAT
•	 Function controlled from the measuring cell 		
	 through to electronics
16
35 %
0 psi
+50
+0
+100
75 °F
7 Limit and continuous level measurement
in silos
Soliphant M
FTM51
7.1
Soliphant M - vibration limit switch
for bulk materials
Soliphant is a rugged, compact level limit
switch for silos containing fine-grained or
dusty bulk material. It is used as a high or
low level indicator in the lime silo.
•	 Easy commissioning
•	 Maintenance-free with no moving parts
•	 Compact design
•	 Simple and cost-effective
Accurate and reliable monitoring of point
levels in silos contribute substantially
to the safe operation of thermal power
plants. Storage tanks supply pulverized
lignite coke and quicklime for flue gas
cleaning. These substances reduce the flue
gas emissions in fabric filters and return
flow centrifugal separators. Continuous
measurement by Levelflex M and level
limit detection by Soliphant M ensure
consumption-controlled silo management.
Levelflex M
FMP40
Separate electronics
FHX40 for Levelflex M
Level measurement of pulverized lignite coke using Levelflex M FMP40
Residue silos, continuous level measurement of both
residue silos by Levelflex M and Soliphant M
7.2
Levelflex M - guided wave radar
measurement
Levelflex is a compact radar instrument for
continuous level measurement, especially
for fine-grained bulk material. It provides
accurate level indication independent of
changing product characteristics.
•	 Suitable for narrow silos or containers
•	 Ideal for fine-grained bulk material such 	
	 as lime, fly ash and pulverized coal
•	 Maintenance-free, no moving parts
•	 Double safety due to automatic EOP (end 	
	 of probe) measurement
17
Pos. Stk. Hersteller Bezeichnung / Spezifikation Bestell Nr.
1 E+H1 CLM153-A3D00A010Mycom S CLM153
A Zulassung: Ex-freier Bereich
3 Sensoreingang: 2x Konduktiver Sensor
D Ausgang: 2x 20mA HART, aktiv
0 Zusätzliche Kontakte: nicht gewählt
0 Hilfsenergie: 100-230VAC
A Sprache: Englisch + Deutsch
0 Kabeleinführung: Verschr. M20
1 Zubehör: DAT Modul
0 Einstellung: Werkseinstellung
2 E+H2 CLS19-A1A1ACondumax W CLS19
A Messbereich; Zellkonstante: 0.04-20uS/cm; k=0.01
1A Prozessanschluss/Werkstoff PES Gewinde NPT 1/2/ PES-Zellenschaft
1 Kabelanschluss: Stecker DIN 4-polig, Pg9
A Temperatursensor: Pt100
3 E+H1 50088280Messkabel CYK 71 5m
4 E+H2 YHC314-ADurchlussarmatur
für Lf-Sonde CLS 19
Material 1.4435
Ref.: R04201
5 Dr. Thiedig1 PE11PE11
Kationenfilterpatrone
6 Dr. Thiedig1 Austauschermasse zu PE11PE11
Austauschermasse zu PE11
7 Schoch2 GE-SV 12 LR 1/2Gerade Einschraubverschraubung DIN 2353
Ausführung nach DIN 2353
Werkstoff: 1.4571
8 Schoch4 AS SV12 LGerade Anschweissverschraubung DIN 2353
Ausführung nach DIN 2353
Werkstoff: 1.4571
9 1 EO Rohr 12x1.5 mm 1.4571
Ersteller:
Datum:
Seite:
Jue
16.1.08
104Datenblatt Typical: QC-LF-L-XXX-1003
1
5
2
4
2
4
6
9
97
7
9
88
3
Pos. Qty. Manufacturerr Desription Order Code
1 E+H1 CLM153-A3D00A010Mycom S CLM153
2 E+H2 CLS19-A1A1ACondumax W CLS19
3 E+H1 50088280Messkabel CYK 71 5m
4 E+H2 YHC314-ADurchlussarmatur
5 Dr. Thiedig1 PE11PE11
6 Dr. Thiedig1 Austauschermasse zu PE11PE11
7 Schoch2 GE-SV 12 LR 1/2Gerade Einschraubverschraubung DIN 2353
8 Schoch4 AS SV12 LGerade Anschweissverschraubung DIN 2353
9 1 EO Rohr 12x1.5 mm 1.4571
Drawn:
Date:
Page:
Jue
16.01.2008
104Hookup Typical: QC-LF-L-XXX-1003
L1
N
43
42
41
49
48
47
59
58
57
53
52
51
56
55
54
Relais 1
Relais 2
Relais 3
Relais 4
L1 / +
N / -
31
32
+
-
Ausgang / output
Q
83 16 15 84 S
CLS 19
CLM 253
11
12
13
GN
WH
YE
BK
1 3 2
CYK 71
S
.rNlletseBgnunhciezeBrelletsreH.ktS.soP
1 E+H1 CLM153-A3D00A010Mycom S CLM153
2 E+H2 CLS19-A1A1ACondumax W CLS19
3 E+H1 50088280Messkabel CYK 71 5m
4 E+H2 YHC314-ADurchlussarmatur
5 Dr. Thiedig1 PE11PE11
6 Dr. Thiedig1 Austauschermasse zu PE11PE11
7 Schoch2 GE-SV 12 LR 1/2Gerade Einschraubverschraubung DIN 2353
8 Schoch4 AS SV12 LGerade Anschweissverschraubung DIN 2353
9 1 EO Rohr 12x1.5 mm 1.4571
Ersteller:
Datum:
Seite:
Jue
16.01.2008
104Elektro Anschluss Typical: QC-LF-L-XXX-1003
Comprehensive solutions for power plants
Complete supplier
The trend of outsourcing of industrial services is evident. Cost
and competition pressure continues to increase and requires
maximum flexibility. Outsourcing of certain internal services
permits power plant operators to concentrate more intensively
on their own core competencies.
The know-how of Endress+Hauser makes sure that the
productivity and performance of power plant operators
increase. The integration of Endress+Hauser offers chances for
cost and process optimization well above the average.
Project management
•	 Project management and building site coordination 	
	 for field instrumentation projects
•	 Nationwide coordination of suppliers
•	 Realization of standardized equipment pools
Engineering
•	 Specification of the complete measuring cycle
•	 Interpretation of measuring points and corrections 	
	 to conditions (screen computation).
•	 Production of technical documentation (hook-ups, 	
	 electrical connection diagrams, etc.)
Installation
•	 Assembly of affected pressure pipes, measuring 	
	 frames and measurement instrumentation
•	 Building site and assembly monitoring
•	 Final inspection
Commissioning
•	 Examination of the mechanical structure
•	 Examination of electrical connections
•	 Cold and warm start-up
•	 Creation of start-up documentation
18
Calibration and instrumentation maintenance
Focus on your core competence - outsource the rest to the experts
Located throughout the US, calibration trailers contain the necessary
equipment to calibrate flow, pressure and temperature at your
facility.
On-site calibration of
pressure devices
Laboratory calibration of
level instruments
On-site calibration of
analysis devices
On-site calibration of
temperature instruments
Discussion around the
metrology plan
SOPs, calibration certificates,
labels and electronic recordings
Factory calibration
As a manufacturer of high performance flow measurement
devices, Endress+Hauser facilities offer unequaled accuracy
and full traceability. In the United States, you can ensure
traceability to NIST with A2LA audited accreditations to
ISO-17025 for all flow meters you purchase. Our worldwide
facilities maintain compliance to the national and international
standards of relevance wherever you are - ensuring the best
possible service.
Endress+Hauser has calibration facilities in the United States,
Switzerland, France, the United Kingdom, Japan, India,
and China are prepared to meet your calibration support
challenges today!
Our newest location in La Porte, (near Houston) Texas offers
customer in the Gulf Coast region unique capabilities and
quicker turnaround.
On-site calibration
We realize how important it is for you to have this option of
“on-site” calibration for numerous reasons - adverse weather,
confined spaces, and hazardous areas to name a few. We can
offer on-site calibration of all pressure, temperature and flow
instruments, regardless of manufacturer!
Four categories of critical importance
Instruments should be classified according to one of the four
categories of critical importance below:
• 	Instruments critical for the product:
	 instruments that, if defective, may have a direct impact 		
	 on the product quality
• 	Instruments critical for the process/system:
	 instruments that, if defective, may have a direct impact 		
	 on process or system performance, without affecting the
	 quality of the final product, or safety
• 	Instruments critical for safety/environment:
	 instruments that, if defective, may have a direct impact 		
	 on operator safety, or the environment
• Non-critical instruments:
	 instruments that, if defective, are thought not to have
	 any impact on any of the above 		
www.us.endress.com/calibration
19
W@M - Life cycle management
Engineering
•	 Fast and safe selection and sizing of
	 the correct measuring instrument for your 	
	 application
•	 Documentation and administration of 	projects
Procurement
•	 Reduction of procurement costs
•	 Optimization of the quality and speed of 	
	 your procurement processes
•	 Your price and delivery data is always
	 available on-line
Installation
•	 Product documentation is available in 	
	 different languages
•	 Software versions are always up-to-		
	 date
Commissioning
•	 Simplified remote commissioning
•	 Increased safety of your personnel
•	 Elimination of time consuming 		
	 testing
Knowledge is a critical factor in the productivity
and competitiveness drive. Full knowledge of
your plant status allows for good maintenance
planning. W@M – Life Cycle Management
from Endress+Hauser provides up-to-date and
complete information on all of your assets,
including products from other suppliers. From
engineering, procurement and commissioning
through to operation, maintenance and the
replacement of individual components,
W@M is an open and flexible information
platform with on-site tools and services
supporting you throughout your plant’s life cycle.
Use W@M as a stand-alone solution or
it can support your existing systems like
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems
or Computerized Maintenance Management
Systems (CMMS) using open and flexible
interfaces. At any time of the life cycle,
W@M provides you with updated knowledge
and guarantees time and cost savings while
contributing to your competitive edge through
constant planning reliability.
Operations
•	 Up-to-date information: 24/7
•	 Effective service, maintenance and 	
	 optimization of your installed base
•	 Constant reliability planning
www.us.endress.com/w@m
Combined strengths deliver real customer value
Providing world class solutions
To meet your needs for complete process automation
solutions, the Endress+Hauser and Rockwell Automation
strategic alliance offers pre-engineered, pre-tested,
supported and maintained solutions, combining best-in-
class instrumentation, software and control systems.
In support of the increasing requirements for plant-
wide control, proven interoperability and value-added
differentiation, we are focused on providing:
•	 Reduced integration costs throughout engineering, 	
	 commissioning and start-up
•	 Optimized plant availability and output
•	 Reduced risk associated with intelligent device 		
	 integration
•	 Ensured product quality and consistency
•	 Optimized traceability to meet regulatory demands
•	 Predictive maintanance through intelligent devices
If you are seeking process improvements or looking to
reduce operating costs, our alliance delivers:
•	 Value-added integration
•	 Advanced diagnostics with plant-wide support
•	 Collaborative life cycle management
In addition to working with end users, we provide
process OEMs, system integrators and architecture and
engineering firms worldwide a fully functional, flexible,
scalable and affordable Process Control System with
tested interoperability and value-added differentiation.
SO 603B/24/en/04.10
US/INDD CS2
04.10/SCUSA
Endress+Hauser’s product portfolio
USA
Endress+Hauser, Inc.
2350 Endress Place
Greenwood, IN 46143
Tel: 317-535-7138
Sales: 888-ENDRESS
Service: 800-642-8737
Fax: 317-535-8498
inquiry@us.endress.com
www.us.endress.com
Canada
Endress+Hauser Canada
1075 Sutton Drive
Burlington, ON L7L 5Z8
Tel: 905-681-9292
800-668-3199
Fax: 905-681-9444
info@ca.endress.com
www.ca.endress.com
Mexico
Endress+Hauser México S.A. de C.V.
Fernando Montes de Oca 21 Edificio A Piso 3
Fracc. Industrial San Nicolás
54030. Tlalnepantla de Baz
Estado de México
Phone: +52 55 5321 2080
Fax: +52 55 5321 2099
eh.mexico@mx.endress.com
www.mx.endress.com
International
For international locations
visit: www.endress.com/worldwide
www.us.endress.com/e-direct
•	Shop on-line for low-cost
instruments, devices and
components
•	Capacitance (RF)
•	Conductive
•	Mechanical
•	Vibration
•	Ultrasonic
•	Radar
•	Guided radar (TDR)
•	Hydrostatic
•	Gamma
Level
•	Gauge/absolute
•	Differential pressure
•	Hydrostatic
Pressure
•	Electromagnetic
•	Vortex shedding
•	Coriolis mass flow
•	Ultrasonic
•	Open channel
•	D/P flow
Flow
•	Temperature transmitters
•	RTDs/thermocouples
•	Sensors
Temperature
•	Conductivity
•	pH/ORP
•	Chlorine
•	Dissolved oxygen
•	Turbidity
•	Chemical analyzers
•	Nitrate/organic sensors
•	Sludge level
Liquid Analysis
•	Paperless recorders
•	Visual data managers
•	Safety data managers
Recorders
•	Displays
•	Active barriers
•	Process transmitters
•	Power supplies
Components
•	Start-up
•	Training
•	Calibration
•	Maintenance Contracts
•	Instrument Management 		
	 Solutions
Service
ISO 9001 Certified

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So603 b incineration plant

  • 1. Incineration Plants Full range of measurement instrumentation and solutions
  • 2. Waste storage pit Overhead crane Feed hopper Ram feeder Reciprocating grate Slag discharge Wet deslager Primary air distribution Primary air Secondary air Flue gas recirculation Four-pass steam generator Steam drum Flue gas conveyance Primary air fan Secondary air injection Wet deslagger Incineration plants A waste-to-energy plant is a modern term for contemporary incinerators that burn waste in highly efficient furnaces/boilers to produce steam and/or electricity. Incineration is a waste treatment technology that involves the combustion of organic materials and/or substances. Incineration and other high temperature waste treatment systems are described as thermal treatment“. The incineration of waste materials converts the waste into ashes, flue gases, particulates and heat which can, in turn, be used to generate electricity. Cross section of a waste incineration plant
  • 3. Electrostatic  precipitator External economizer Gas-to-gasheatexchanger1 Scrubber Gas-to-gasheat exchanger2 Induced draft fan SCRcatalyst Stack Acid flue ash washing Waste scrubber water tank Lime milk station Zinc filter- storage Secondary air fan Muffler Content Level measurement in the steam drum: 4 Traditional dp level measurement: 4 Innovation: Higher plant availability with guided radar measurement: 5 Level measurement using guided radar: 6 Pressure and temperature measurement in water/steam systems 7 Temperature measurement in the boiler: 8 Temperature measurement engineering: 9 Graphic configurator for temperature: 9 Optimizing the water/steam systems Page 1 2 3 Deltatop dp flow measurement in steam/water/air: 10 Differential pressure flow devices: 10 Liquid analyzer in feedwater: 12 4 Page 5 Optimizing further applications Page Level and flow measurement at the scrubber : 14 Limit and continuous level measurement in silos: 16 6 7 Complete supplier Page Comprehensive solutions for power plants: 17 State-of-the-art calibration services 18 Strategic Alliances/Life cycle management 19
  • 4. 4 M V L 37.4 % 887 psi 752 °F -.098” LZAHH LZALL 430 °F 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 Superheater 2 Superheater 1 Primary air preheater Steam gas drum Steam drum Optimizing the water/steam systems Traditional dp level measurement The key element of the plant is the boiler drum. Its main task is the provision of feedwater, after it has been preheated, to the external economizer, the superheaters and tube nests. Furthermore, saturated steam is withdrawn at this point for primary air and feedwater preheating. Level measurement, the actual key to steam quantity and turbine control, must be highly reliable and consistently available. This main parameter is usually kept constant by a combustion control (multi- component control). However, different parameters of the partly vaporous partly liquid medium to be measured, i.e. water, a boiler pressure of up to 725 psi and temperatures of up to 509 °F place particularly high demands on the instrumentation and its corrective calculations. To achieve a correct measuring signal, the consistencies of the medium in the drum, the condensate reference column, the communicating water column (if externally arranged) and of the superimposed steam in the drum must be taken into consideration. Traditionally, a ∆P measuring point, e.g. Deltabar S PMD75, has been used for this task. The corrective calculation of the medium data can be statically realized for the main operating point of the boiler drum and set as a corrected measuring range in ∆P. Special know-how is indispensable as well as a correct commissioning and calibration procedure, e.g. when filling reference columns or impulse lines. If a sliding corrective calculation is required, correcting components of the DCS/PCS manufacturer can be easily engineered and configured. Level measurement in the steam drum1 dp level measurement of the steam drum with Deltabar S PMD75 1.1 Deltabar S - differential pressure for level measurement Deltabar S differential pressure transmitter is used as a standard for level measurement in the water/steam system. • Very good reproducibility and long-term stability • High reference accuracy • Quick commissioning Deltabar S PMD75
  • 5. 1.2 Levelflex M – guided microwave level measurement Levelflex provides level measurement of condensed steam in front of the turbine in the main condenser (hotwell), as well as level measurement at the low pressure preheater, feedwater tank, high pressure preheater and boiler drum. Levelflex provides cyclic automatic gas phase compensation, the ideal solution for precise level measurement in all steam applications. Levelflex is independent of: • Density fluctuations • Changing dielectric numbers • Gas covering of steam • Pressure and temperature changes • Vacuum (e.g. in main condenser hotwell) This results in a better solution than differential pressure for level measurement, providing: • More reliable measurement • Increased safety • Easier installation Innovation: Higher plant availability with guided radar measurement As an alternative to differential pressure, levels can be determined by Levelflex M FMP45 guided wave radar. The instrument may be installed directly from the top using a coaxial tube in the boiler drum or in a bypass chamber next to glass gages. Endress+Hauser can provide the entire bridle/sight glass assembly upon request. Gas phase compensation was developed for these specific applications, in which steam phases occur, to dynamically compensate for the time-of-flight shift which naturally occurs in steam phases. A defined reference section at the probe combined with an electronic software algo-rithm corrects the level value automatically and continually thus offering correct and safe measurement. Furthermore, purging and filling of differential pressure pipes after stoppages is a thing of the past. Level measurement in the steam drum with Levelflex M FMP45 (2 out of 3 installation) Level steam drum Visual steam drum level control through a sight glass Levelflex is ideal as a displacer replacer. It has no mechanical moving parts and, therefore, no wear and tear. Levelflex is suitable for pressures up to 5,800 psig and temperatures up to 752 °F. Levelflex M FMP45 as rod version up to 536 °F Levelflex M FMP45 as coax version up to 752 °F
  • 6. 1.2 High pressure preheater Boiler feed pump Feedwater tank Generator Low pressure preheater Condensate pump Additional condensate from full desalination Preheater Intermediate heater Superheater Boiler To flue gas cleaning Vaporizer furnace Steam turbine Condensate Main condenser (hotwell) Steam drum 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 Level measurement innovation using guided radar1 Hotwell (main condenser) Low pressure preheater High pressure preheater The boiler feedwater circulates within the water/steam circuit. This is the main component in the power plant. After the steam has condensed in the main condenser, pumps convey the feedwater through subsequent low and high pressure heaters into the boiler. When it arrives at the boiler, the feedwater is vaporized to saturated steam under high pressures (up to 1,595 psig) and high temperatures (up to 605 °F). Passing through several levels of superheater, the steam is then supplied to the turbine to drive the generator. Condensation in the main condenser begins again and the entire procedure is repeated. Monitoring levels in the hotwell, low and high pressure preheater, feedwater tank and boiler drum are of great importance for safe operation of the circuit.
  • 7. 0.0 % 0.1 % 12.4 t/h 710 psi 754 °F HP Collector 27 psi 27 psi 25 psi 269.9 °F LP Collector 122 psiA 392 °F 353.4 °F 353.6 °F A 0.0 % 0.1 % 0.2 % 352 °F 352 °F 392 °F A 120 psi 119 psi 352 °F MP Collector R 27 psi 270.5 °F 270.5 °F 285.8 °F 0.0 % A 269.9 °F 268.8 °F 284 °F A A V V V 710 psi A R 2.1 2.2 2.2 Pressure and temperature measurement in water/steam systems 2 2.1 Cerabar S • High pressure impact resistance in the water/ steam circuit • Fast commissioning via quick set-up menu • Unique safety concept for your process application Overheated steam from the superheaters of the boiler enters the steam distributors. This steam is fed to different consumers from the distribution station, turbine, feedwater heater (degasser), process steam for chemical or life sciences plants, warm water heat exchanger for utility-supplied heat, etc. In order to serve all processes, the steam pressure has to be reduced to three levels: • High pressure steam ≈ 710 psi • Medium pressure steam ≈ 120 psi • Low pressure steam ≈ 25 psi A selection of instruments which measure this process with the highest degree of accuracy is: Redundant pressure monitoring at the high and medium pressure distributor and a redundant temperature monitoring in the main pressure pipe by TC15 and the RIT261 display. Cerabar S TC15 2.2 Omnigrad TC15 and TC88 • Predominant use of D4 or D5 solid protecting pipes • Preferred materials: - 16Mo3/1.5415 - 13CrMo4-5/1.7335 • HART®, head or DIN rail transmitter The complete measuring point includes the thermometer and the option of iTemp head, rail or field transmitters.
  • 8. Temperature measurement in the boiler3 LAH LAH 1,076 °F 971.7 °F 12392 Nm³/h .08 psi 320.7 °F 406.5 °F PSAL Reciprocating grate Vessel ceiling Superheater Electrostatic precipitator Four-pass steam generator and electrostatic precipitator Temperature measurement at the superheater, horizontal flue Temperature measurement on the boiler ceiling TAF16 3 Omnigrad S TAF16 Thermocouple with a protecting tube of metal • Customized immersion length • Exchangeable measuring insert • Internal ceramic protective sheaths • Thermocouples with different diameters • 2-wire transmitter PC-programmable (4-20 mA), HART® , Profibus® and Foundation Fieldbus™ • Double sensing element • Various materials The waste conveyed to the reciprocating grate is kindled while applying primary and secondary air which also influences and controls the incineration. Temperature measurement in the combustion chamber contributes decisively to the reduction of emissions and pollutants. Temperature measurement arranged directly in the lateral boiler walls at different levels or sensors located in the burn-up zone as well as in the passage of further boiler flues provide information on the combustion temperature.The length and the material of the protecting pipes as well as the mechanical and chemical strain are decisive for the corrosion and useful life of the thermocouples. The aggressiveness of the flue gas must not be dismissed either. The following materials are predominantly used in furnaces: • Burn-up zones: Predominantly 1.4762 / AISI446 or alternatively 1.4841 / AISI310, Type K respectively. The length of the thermocouples is determined by the lining thickness and considerations such as avoidance of mechanical damage by slag or similar materials. • Boiler walls adjacent to the grate: Since the installation is mostly realized with a slight inclination the protecting pipes may bend downwards. The vicinity to auxiliary burners and liquid injections might have a negative influence in this situation. • Boiler combustion chamber ceiling: Since the thermocouples are directly mounted in the flue gas flow we recommend the use of a protective pipe of 1.4876 / Incoloy 800HT with a solidly designed top or alternatively 1.4767 / Kanthal AF® . • Superheater and economizer: The flue gases have now released their high temperatures to the tube nests and other components inside of the steam generator. Thermocouples with protecting pipes of 1.4762 / AISI446 are used at this point.
  • 9. Temperature measurement engineering   View of the burn-up zone/grate Graphic configurator for temperature Today, the crucial factor of success is cost optimizing across the whole life cycle of a plant. The engineering costs for a temperature measuring point are frequently higher than the purchasing costs of the product itself and engineering, commissioning and maintenance costs together might amount to three times the purchasing costs. For this reason, Endress+Hauser has developed the graphic configurator together with its customers. The same supports engineering in particular with user-friendly navigation. It is thus a useful aid, from sizing, to the operation of a temperature measuring point.  Safe sizing of a temperature measuring point with graphic tracing and integrated calculation modules  Further information per click: Learn More area, Knowledge data base, Product sheet, Installation instruction, Technical documentation, Certificates, Spare part tracking tool including spare part list The graphic configurator is part of the Endress+Hauser Applicator as described on page 22.
  • 10. 10 Deltatop dp flow measurement system in steam, water and air4 Typical dp flow applications Recommended primary elements HP superheated steam into turbine Venturi tube/ venturi nozzle For lowest pressure loss, meets ISO 5167 requirements LP saturated steam/ condensate return Orifice plate Common standard, meets ISO 5167 requirements ISA or venturi nozzle Excellent long term stability, meets ISO 5167 requirements Vortex (Prowirl 73) Calibrated, easiest and cost effective solution up to 6 Primary- and secondary air flow Venturi tube For lowest pressure loss, reduces energy, meets ISO 5167 requirements Differential pressure flow devices - proven in practice. The way to avoid legal disputes on steam measurement. The ISO 5167 standard details the design and volume calculations for orifice plates, venturi tubes and nozzles. This gives significant advantages over other dp types (such as pitot type devices) where no specific standard exists. It is important in contractual or legal agreements to have a common calculation basis to avoid disputes about the volume measured. As an example, it is possible that a new power plant does not produce the thermal efficiency specified in the contract. The boiler supplier and the turbine manufacturer might disagree about the amount of steam actually supplied to the turbine. The use of an agreed standard and a meter of fixed design ensures that third party experts can easily validate the meter, the installation and the design calculations for the steam volume. This will eliminate any potential dispute regarding the energy contained in the steam flow so that thermal efficiency can be accurately quantified. Since the primary element has to be engineered to specific customer or project requirements and sized correctly to provide the required metering accuracy laid down in ISO 5167, the following information must be supplied: • Mass flow or volume flow range • Type of primary element preferred • Range of differential pressures required • Acceptable maximum permanent pressure loss • Nominal pipe diameter • Operating temperature • Operating pressure • Standard base conditions used for reference calculations The choice of the primary element may be important if permanent pressure loss is an issue or is limited by process requirements. Reference texts show the permanent pressure drop as a function of the differential generated as: • Long pattern venturi tube 10-15 % • Short pattern venturi tube 10-20 % • Venturi nozzle 10-20 % • Nozzle 35-60 % • Orifice plates 35-70 % It is not just the primary element selection that is important. The inclusion of condensation chambers, valve manifolds, impulse line length and the location of pressure and temperature sensors is also important in determining the overall system uncertainty as well as assuring a reliable and safe measurement system.
  • 11. 11 Typical cost saving case study* What are the savings by using a venturi tube instead of an orifice plate metering the steam into the turbine? Steam parameters: 580 psig, 752 °F, 100 t/h Condensation turbine with exhaust pressure 0.725 psig Power generation: 21.25 MW Annual runtime 8,000 h Savings per MWh produced: $100 Pressure loss of venturi tube = 1.74 psig Pressure loss of orifice plate = 17.4 psig Using a venturi tube instead of an orifice plate increases the power generation output from 21.19 MW to 21.25 MW due to the lower pressure loss at the metering point. This increases the annual energy production by 543 MWh and leads to a savings in excess of $54,000 per year. *Average figures at an incineration power plant Operating instructions for 5-valve manifold Venturi nozzle with condensate pot and shut-off valves Deltabar S Deltatop - steam flow measurement with Deltabar S and annular chamber orifice (710 psi/752 °F) 4 Deltabar S - the heart of any dp flow measuring system • Clear on-site programming with display • Easy and fast commissioning via Quick Setup menu • The HistoROM memory module for fast recommissioning in case the transmitter needs to be replaced • Single-side overload resistance of 6,100 psi (9,140 psi for both sides) provides unsurpassed process safety Our service: www.applicator.com gives you free of charge selection and sizing of your flow measuring system as per ISO 5167 standards. Furthermore, the dp-flow competence team at Endress+Hauser ensures that each custom-made Deltatop dp-flow solution fits correctly. This makes Endress+Hauser the right partner for dp-flow applications.
  • 12. 12 High pressure preheater Boiler feed pump Feedwater tank Generator Low pressure preheater Condensate pump Additional condensate from full desalination Preheater Intermediate heater Superheater Boiler To flue gas cleaning Vaporizer furnace Steam turbine Steam drum pH Conductivity Oxygen Condensate pH Conductivity Oxygen pH Conductivity Oxygen Oxygen sensor COS21D Conductivity sensor CLS15D pH sensor CPS41D Liquid analysis in feedwater5 The feedwater of a steam generator must meet certain requirements. It must be free of hardness which would cause the formation of stones and sludge (scale) in the boiler. The formation of scale on the walls of the steam generator increases the sheet metal temperature thus impairing the stability of the boiler sheets. Dissolved gases, e.g. carbonic acid and oxygen, as well as free acids are also not permitted in the water. They would cause corrosion of the boiler sheets and pipes. Finally, the water must be free of mechanic contamination and colloidally dissolved substances like oils and greases to avoid foaming of the boiler content. 5.1 Conductivity sensor CLS15D Why is conductivity measured in the water/ steam circulation system? The conductivity measurement detects the feedwater concentration of ions and measures it in µS/cm. A change in conductivity during operation indicates impurity in feedwater quality. 5.2 pH sensor CPS41D Why is the pH value measured in the water/ steam circulation system? The pH value, (the concentration of hydrogen ions) shows whether a solution is acid, neutral or alkaline. The pH value measurement monitors the feedwater to protect the pipes against corrosion and build-up. 5.3 Oxygen sensor COS21D Why is O2 measured in the water/steam circulation system? The feedwater oxygen concentration is stated in mg/l. High oxygen concentrations promote corrosion of the steel pipes by electrochemical processes and must be continually monitored.
  • 13. 13 Liquiline CM42 Memosens technology 5.4 Liquiline M Liquiline is a modular two-wire transmitter for pH, conductivity and oxygen measurement in water- steam circulation systems. Variants are available to connect Liquiline to bus systems like Foundation Fieldbus™, Profibus® and HART® protocol. • Easy commissioning with Quick Setup and Navigator button • Predictive maintenance system recognizes when a sensor has to be cleaned, calibrated or replaced • Combined with Memosens cable breakage is indicated on the display • User-guided commissioning, graphic display and plain text menu • Modular concept: sensor module exchangeable 5.5 Digital sensor for pH value, O2 and conductivity: Memosens Memosens, the first digital sensor worldwide, may be precalibrated at the laboratory. An inductive plug-in connection with bidirectional signal and energy transfer ensures perfect transmission of digital signals between sensor and transmitter. The calibration values are stored in the sensor. The inductive plug-in connection is free of metal and excludes all impairments as they might occur in conventional connections which are not without contact: • Safe, non-contact measurement also in case of humidity • Process data is stored directly in the sensor • Measured data cannot be falsified • Calibration possible at the laboratory • Significantly shorter downtimes of the measuring point • Easier installation without special cable • Predictive diagnostics directly in the sensor system
  • 14. 14 A A Flue gas washing level 3 Flue gas washing level 2 Flue gas washing level 1 70.5 % .43 psi .43 psi 7.0 pH 7.1 pH 59.8 % 43.5 psi 29 psi 59.5 % 57.0 % 131 °F 6.1 6.2 6.2 6.2 6 Level and flow measurement at the scrubber Level and flow measurement at the scrubber Flue gas is washed in several stages in the scrubber. A non-contact system is recommended to measure the water circulation of the scrubber sump and the ring jet stage since the medium contains acid flue gas components and a dry content of 0.1-2 %. The pH-value of the scrubber sump usually ranges between pH 0.8-1.5. The installation of ultrasonic transit time clamp-on, non-intrusive sensors is recommended with only one traverse because of this dry content. A single traverse configuration also helps in achieving higher acoustic signal strength values on rubber lined pipes which are typically used in these applications. The response time of this measurement directly influences scrubber protection, i.e. after starting the quench pumps a flow of more than 100 cu. yds./h must be achieved within less that 10 sec. - otherwise the scrubber has to be restarted. Ring jet stage Quench water flow measurement on a rubber lined pipe Prosonic 93P 6.1 Prosonic 93P clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeter Prosonic 93W is an ultrasonic measuring instrument installed directly on pipelines via clamp-on sensors. The transmitter, which is mounted separately, completes the measurement system • External installation allowing easy retrofit with no pipe modifications • Maintenance-free with no moving parts • No obstructions in the pipeline and no pressure loss • Economical alternative for large diameters up to 158” • Portable ultrasonic transmitter for verification and spot checking applications
  • 15. 15 To prevent the flue gases from flowing un-washed through the scrubber, several stages within the scrubber are filled with water and their levels are controlled. The acid stage or sump is located at the scrubber inlet, then up to two packed bed stages follow, in which the flue gas is offered a large quantity of packing material, wetted by scrubbing water. The solids stay on the packing material, are washed out and moved downwards. To scrub the remaining suspended solids, the flue gas must pass spraying nozzles on the ring jet stage for the last time and is subsequently made neutral with a pH-value of 7.1. To monitor all differential pressures and gas washing levels, remote seal differential pressure transmitters of the FMD78 type with tantalum as wetted parts are used, partly in a redundant fashion. Deltabar S FMD78 remote seal version 6.2 Deltabar S FMD78 • Very good reproducibility and long-term stability • High reference accuracy: up to ±0.075% • 100:1 turn down, higher upon request • Applications for flow and differential pressure monitoring up to SIL3, certified by TUV SÜD according to IEC 61508 • Memory module HistoROM® /M-DAT • Function controlled from the measuring cell through to electronics
  • 16. 16 35 % 0 psi +50 +0 +100 75 °F 7 Limit and continuous level measurement in silos Soliphant M FTM51 7.1 Soliphant M - vibration limit switch for bulk materials Soliphant is a rugged, compact level limit switch for silos containing fine-grained or dusty bulk material. It is used as a high or low level indicator in the lime silo. • Easy commissioning • Maintenance-free with no moving parts • Compact design • Simple and cost-effective Accurate and reliable monitoring of point levels in silos contribute substantially to the safe operation of thermal power plants. Storage tanks supply pulverized lignite coke and quicklime for flue gas cleaning. These substances reduce the flue gas emissions in fabric filters and return flow centrifugal separators. Continuous measurement by Levelflex M and level limit detection by Soliphant M ensure consumption-controlled silo management. Levelflex M FMP40 Separate electronics FHX40 for Levelflex M Level measurement of pulverized lignite coke using Levelflex M FMP40 Residue silos, continuous level measurement of both residue silos by Levelflex M and Soliphant M 7.2 Levelflex M - guided wave radar measurement Levelflex is a compact radar instrument for continuous level measurement, especially for fine-grained bulk material. It provides accurate level indication independent of changing product characteristics. • Suitable for narrow silos or containers • Ideal for fine-grained bulk material such as lime, fly ash and pulverized coal • Maintenance-free, no moving parts • Double safety due to automatic EOP (end of probe) measurement
  • 17. 17 Pos. Stk. Hersteller Bezeichnung / Spezifikation Bestell Nr. 1 E+H1 CLM153-A3D00A010Mycom S CLM153 A Zulassung: Ex-freier Bereich 3 Sensoreingang: 2x Konduktiver Sensor D Ausgang: 2x 20mA HART, aktiv 0 Zusätzliche Kontakte: nicht gewählt 0 Hilfsenergie: 100-230VAC A Sprache: Englisch + Deutsch 0 Kabeleinführung: Verschr. M20 1 Zubehör: DAT Modul 0 Einstellung: Werkseinstellung 2 E+H2 CLS19-A1A1ACondumax W CLS19 A Messbereich; Zellkonstante: 0.04-20uS/cm; k=0.01 1A Prozessanschluss/Werkstoff PES Gewinde NPT 1/2/ PES-Zellenschaft 1 Kabelanschluss: Stecker DIN 4-polig, Pg9 A Temperatursensor: Pt100 3 E+H1 50088280Messkabel CYK 71 5m 4 E+H2 YHC314-ADurchlussarmatur für Lf-Sonde CLS 19 Material 1.4435 Ref.: R04201 5 Dr. Thiedig1 PE11PE11 Kationenfilterpatrone 6 Dr. Thiedig1 Austauschermasse zu PE11PE11 Austauschermasse zu PE11 7 Schoch2 GE-SV 12 LR 1/2Gerade Einschraubverschraubung DIN 2353 Ausführung nach DIN 2353 Werkstoff: 1.4571 8 Schoch4 AS SV12 LGerade Anschweissverschraubung DIN 2353 Ausführung nach DIN 2353 Werkstoff: 1.4571 9 1 EO Rohr 12x1.5 mm 1.4571 Ersteller: Datum: Seite: Jue 16.1.08 104Datenblatt Typical: QC-LF-L-XXX-1003 1 5 2 4 2 4 6 9 97 7 9 88 3 Pos. Qty. Manufacturerr Desription Order Code 1 E+H1 CLM153-A3D00A010Mycom S CLM153 2 E+H2 CLS19-A1A1ACondumax W CLS19 3 E+H1 50088280Messkabel CYK 71 5m 4 E+H2 YHC314-ADurchlussarmatur 5 Dr. Thiedig1 PE11PE11 6 Dr. Thiedig1 Austauschermasse zu PE11PE11 7 Schoch2 GE-SV 12 LR 1/2Gerade Einschraubverschraubung DIN 2353 8 Schoch4 AS SV12 LGerade Anschweissverschraubung DIN 2353 9 1 EO Rohr 12x1.5 mm 1.4571 Drawn: Date: Page: Jue 16.01.2008 104Hookup Typical: QC-LF-L-XXX-1003 L1 N 43 42 41 49 48 47 59 58 57 53 52 51 56 55 54 Relais 1 Relais 2 Relais 3 Relais 4 L1 / + N / - 31 32 + - Ausgang / output Q 83 16 15 84 S CLS 19 CLM 253 11 12 13 GN WH YE BK 1 3 2 CYK 71 S .rNlletseBgnunhciezeBrelletsreH.ktS.soP 1 E+H1 CLM153-A3D00A010Mycom S CLM153 2 E+H2 CLS19-A1A1ACondumax W CLS19 3 E+H1 50088280Messkabel CYK 71 5m 4 E+H2 YHC314-ADurchlussarmatur 5 Dr. Thiedig1 PE11PE11 6 Dr. Thiedig1 Austauschermasse zu PE11PE11 7 Schoch2 GE-SV 12 LR 1/2Gerade Einschraubverschraubung DIN 2353 8 Schoch4 AS SV12 LGerade Anschweissverschraubung DIN 2353 9 1 EO Rohr 12x1.5 mm 1.4571 Ersteller: Datum: Seite: Jue 16.01.2008 104Elektro Anschluss Typical: QC-LF-L-XXX-1003 Comprehensive solutions for power plants Complete supplier The trend of outsourcing of industrial services is evident. Cost and competition pressure continues to increase and requires maximum flexibility. Outsourcing of certain internal services permits power plant operators to concentrate more intensively on their own core competencies. The know-how of Endress+Hauser makes sure that the productivity and performance of power plant operators increase. The integration of Endress+Hauser offers chances for cost and process optimization well above the average. Project management • Project management and building site coordination for field instrumentation projects • Nationwide coordination of suppliers • Realization of standardized equipment pools Engineering • Specification of the complete measuring cycle • Interpretation of measuring points and corrections to conditions (screen computation). • Production of technical documentation (hook-ups, electrical connection diagrams, etc.) Installation • Assembly of affected pressure pipes, measuring frames and measurement instrumentation • Building site and assembly monitoring • Final inspection Commissioning • Examination of the mechanical structure • Examination of electrical connections • Cold and warm start-up • Creation of start-up documentation
  • 18. 18 Calibration and instrumentation maintenance Focus on your core competence - outsource the rest to the experts Located throughout the US, calibration trailers contain the necessary equipment to calibrate flow, pressure and temperature at your facility. On-site calibration of pressure devices Laboratory calibration of level instruments On-site calibration of analysis devices On-site calibration of temperature instruments Discussion around the metrology plan SOPs, calibration certificates, labels and electronic recordings Factory calibration As a manufacturer of high performance flow measurement devices, Endress+Hauser facilities offer unequaled accuracy and full traceability. In the United States, you can ensure traceability to NIST with A2LA audited accreditations to ISO-17025 for all flow meters you purchase. Our worldwide facilities maintain compliance to the national and international standards of relevance wherever you are - ensuring the best possible service. Endress+Hauser has calibration facilities in the United States, Switzerland, France, the United Kingdom, Japan, India, and China are prepared to meet your calibration support challenges today! Our newest location in La Porte, (near Houston) Texas offers customer in the Gulf Coast region unique capabilities and quicker turnaround. On-site calibration We realize how important it is for you to have this option of “on-site” calibration for numerous reasons - adverse weather, confined spaces, and hazardous areas to name a few. We can offer on-site calibration of all pressure, temperature and flow instruments, regardless of manufacturer! Four categories of critical importance Instruments should be classified according to one of the four categories of critical importance below: • Instruments critical for the product: instruments that, if defective, may have a direct impact on the product quality • Instruments critical for the process/system: instruments that, if defective, may have a direct impact on process or system performance, without affecting the quality of the final product, or safety • Instruments critical for safety/environment: instruments that, if defective, may have a direct impact on operator safety, or the environment • Non-critical instruments: instruments that, if defective, are thought not to have any impact on any of the above www.us.endress.com/calibration
  • 19. 19 W@M - Life cycle management Engineering • Fast and safe selection and sizing of the correct measuring instrument for your application • Documentation and administration of projects Procurement • Reduction of procurement costs • Optimization of the quality and speed of your procurement processes • Your price and delivery data is always available on-line Installation • Product documentation is available in different languages • Software versions are always up-to- date Commissioning • Simplified remote commissioning • Increased safety of your personnel • Elimination of time consuming testing Knowledge is a critical factor in the productivity and competitiveness drive. Full knowledge of your plant status allows for good maintenance planning. W@M – Life Cycle Management from Endress+Hauser provides up-to-date and complete information on all of your assets, including products from other suppliers. From engineering, procurement and commissioning through to operation, maintenance and the replacement of individual components, W@M is an open and flexible information platform with on-site tools and services supporting you throughout your plant’s life cycle. Use W@M as a stand-alone solution or it can support your existing systems like Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems or Computerized Maintenance Management Systems (CMMS) using open and flexible interfaces. At any time of the life cycle, W@M provides you with updated knowledge and guarantees time and cost savings while contributing to your competitive edge through constant planning reliability. Operations • Up-to-date information: 24/7 • Effective service, maintenance and optimization of your installed base • Constant reliability planning www.us.endress.com/w@m Combined strengths deliver real customer value Providing world class solutions To meet your needs for complete process automation solutions, the Endress+Hauser and Rockwell Automation strategic alliance offers pre-engineered, pre-tested, supported and maintained solutions, combining best-in- class instrumentation, software and control systems. In support of the increasing requirements for plant- wide control, proven interoperability and value-added differentiation, we are focused on providing: • Reduced integration costs throughout engineering, commissioning and start-up • Optimized plant availability and output • Reduced risk associated with intelligent device integration • Ensured product quality and consistency • Optimized traceability to meet regulatory demands • Predictive maintanance through intelligent devices If you are seeking process improvements or looking to reduce operating costs, our alliance delivers: • Value-added integration • Advanced diagnostics with plant-wide support • Collaborative life cycle management In addition to working with end users, we provide process OEMs, system integrators and architecture and engineering firms worldwide a fully functional, flexible, scalable and affordable Process Control System with tested interoperability and value-added differentiation.
  • 20. SO 603B/24/en/04.10 US/INDD CS2 04.10/SCUSA Endress+Hauser’s product portfolio USA Endress+Hauser, Inc. 2350 Endress Place Greenwood, IN 46143 Tel: 317-535-7138 Sales: 888-ENDRESS Service: 800-642-8737 Fax: 317-535-8498 inquiry@us.endress.com www.us.endress.com Canada Endress+Hauser Canada 1075 Sutton Drive Burlington, ON L7L 5Z8 Tel: 905-681-9292 800-668-3199 Fax: 905-681-9444 info@ca.endress.com www.ca.endress.com Mexico Endress+Hauser México S.A. de C.V. Fernando Montes de Oca 21 Edificio A Piso 3 Fracc. Industrial San Nicolás 54030. Tlalnepantla de Baz Estado de México Phone: +52 55 5321 2080 Fax: +52 55 5321 2099 eh.mexico@mx.endress.com www.mx.endress.com International For international locations visit: www.endress.com/worldwide www.us.endress.com/e-direct • Shop on-line for low-cost instruments, devices and components • Capacitance (RF) • Conductive • Mechanical • Vibration • Ultrasonic • Radar • Guided radar (TDR) • Hydrostatic • Gamma Level • Gauge/absolute • Differential pressure • Hydrostatic Pressure • Electromagnetic • Vortex shedding • Coriolis mass flow • Ultrasonic • Open channel • D/P flow Flow • Temperature transmitters • RTDs/thermocouples • Sensors Temperature • Conductivity • pH/ORP • Chlorine • Dissolved oxygen • Turbidity • Chemical analyzers • Nitrate/organic sensors • Sludge level Liquid Analysis • Paperless recorders • Visual data managers • Safety data managers Recorders • Displays • Active barriers • Process transmitters • Power supplies Components • Start-up • Training • Calibration • Maintenance Contracts • Instrument Management Solutions Service ISO 9001 Certified