2. Sediment transport balance

3. In-stream habitat & flow diversity

4. Bank stability (native plant roots)

5. Riparian buffer (streamside forest)

7. Riffle/Pool sequences in alluvial streams

8. Step/Pool sequences in high-gradient streamsPhoto Credit: Eve Brantley, Auburn University

10. Alluvial bars and benches

15. Riparian wetlands

17. Lane’s Stream Balance Relationship

19. Increase slope

20. Changes in sediment load

21. Loss of riparian buffer

22. Floodplain filling

24. 10% 50% Development Impacts on the Water Cycle 55% 15% Courtesy NEMO, Univ. of CT

25. Impervious Surfaces Across the Landscape Center for Watershed Protection Sidewalks Roads Parking Driveways Buildings

26. More Runoff Arriving Faster NEMO The Science of Stormwater…

27. Hydrologic Responses to Urbanization Increased discharge Increased peak discharge Increased velocities Shorter time to peak flow More frequent bankfull events Increased flooding Lower baseflow Less ground water recharge

33. Lower Reservoir Water Surface

34. Dam Break

38. Head Cut

46. I I I I I I I II II I I III III IV I III Original Nickpoint IV V I VI

47. G4c Alabama

49. Agriculture

50. Bank Erosion

52. Aggradation

57. Mid-channel bar and transverse bar directing flow into a high bank causing erosion and slumping

59. Depends on Riparian Stability

62. Deposition of fine material

65. Density

68. Buffers are the first line of defense against the impacts of polluted runoff

73. Straightening

74. Levees

75. Hardening

78. G4c Alabama

79. Stream Channel Succession (WARSSS)

80. Stream Channel Succession (WARSSS) http://www.epa.gov/WARSSS/sedsource/successn.htm

81. Stability Assessment http://www.epa.gov/warsss/index.htm

82. Entrenchment Ratio

85. Bank ErosionMonitoring

86. Bank Erosion Hazard Index (BEHI)

87. Bank Erosion Hazard Index (BEHI)

88. Bank Erosion Hazard Index (BEHI)

89. Bankfull Stage: Water fills the active channel and begins to spread onto the floodplain Stream Corridor Restoration: Principles, Processes, and Practices. 1998. Federal Interagency Stream Restoration Working Group.

91. Bank Height RatioVery Low

92. Bank Height RatioModerate

93. Bank Height RatioVery High

95. Root Depth RatioVery Low BEHI

96. Root Depth RatioModerate BEHI

97. Root Depth RatioVery High BEHI

99. Root DensityVery Low BEHI

100. Root DensityModerate

101. Root DensityVery High BEHI

102. Bank Angle (from horizontal)

103. Bank AngleVery Low

104. Bank AngleModerate - High

105. Bank AngleVery High

107. Surface ProtectionVery Low BEHI

108. Surface ProtectionModerate

109. Surface ProtectionVery High BEHI

110. Bank Materials Very Low Risk Extreme Risk High Risk

114. Near Bank StressLow

115. Near Bank StressModerate

116. Near Bank StressHigh

117. Near Bank StressVery High