Towards an architecture and adoption process for Linked Data technologies in Open Government contexts - A case study for the Librery of Congress of Chile

Towards an architecture and adoption process for Linked Data technologies in Open Government contexts
A case study for the Library of Congress of Chile
Francisco Cifuentes – Christian Sifaqui – Jose Emilio Labra
I-Semantics 2011

Overview: this talk in 1’
Why?
Linked Open Data in Public Administrations
How?
Proposal of Architecture
Adoption process
Where?
Library of Congress - Chile

Why?
Government data & actions can be supervised
Improve transparency & confidence

Linked Open Data inPublicAdministrations
Why?
Public value (generates citizen experience)
Research & Collaboration
Reuse data

Why?
Public information belongs to citizens
Financed by public resources
Return of inversion

Linked Open Data inPublic Administrations
Why?
Legislation is public information…
…and must be of public domain
Everyone is affected by laws

OK, ¡Linked Open Data is good!but…
¿Howtopublish it?

Architecture & Adoption Process
There is huge interest to publish LOD
Practical guidelines & methodologies ?
Our proposal:
Architecture of Linked Open Data
Implementation methodology
How?

Considerations in Public Administrations context
Largevolumes of data
Semistructuredcontent
Contents of general interest
Highexpectations
New projectsshouldnotinterfere
Small teams in largeorganizations
Lowsemanticexpertise
How?

Linked Open Data Architecture
How?
Web Browser
SemanticApplication
Client side
Server side
Web Application Server
Endpoint SPARQL
Output
RDF
Graph
Ontologies
Update
RDF
Graph
Service
Documentation
Portal
RDF Storage
Cache
DB
Web Server OperatingSystem

Adoption Process
How?
Contextualization
Ontology design
RDF Graph Modeling
Phases
SPARQL Endpoint Implementation
RDF Graph Implementation
Update Graph Service
Documentation Web Portal
Non functional Requirements
Optional Data Visualization & demos
Time

OK, youproposeanarchitecture & adoptionprocess, but…
¿Wheredidyouapplyit?

Contextualization
Library of Congress - Chile
Where?

Contextualization
Where?
Leychile 2008
Juridical certainty
LOD in Leychile:
Natural extension
Improve interoperability (more formats)
Create domain ontologies
Complex queries through SPARQL endpoint

Contextualization
Where?
Publish Linked Open Data – 5 stars
Norms and relationships in a global RDF graph
Infrastructure for future developments
First stage, pilot project

Contextualization
Where?
 300.000 norms and their relationships
Modifications, Concordances, etc.
First stage  Only main metadata of norms
Title, important dates, types, relationships
We exclude body text (articles, chapters, etc.)

Contextualization
Where?
Definition of domain model:
Norms, relationships, types of norms, metadata,
Functional requirements for bibliographical records (FRBR)
Output formats: RDFa, RDF/XML, JSON, N3,…

Domain Ontologies
Where?
Small Ontology about Norms

RDF Graph Modeling
A norm can be modified by another norm
Where?
Decree 296
Published 1995-02-17
Art..1. abc.
Art. 2. def.
Artí.3. ghi.
Decree 12066
Published 2005-05-15
Art. 1. Modify decree 296 in the following way:: substitute in Art.1 the words “a” by “xyz”.
Now, Decree 296 should be:
Decree 296
Artículo 1. xyzbc.
Artículo 2. def.
Artículo 3. ghi.
We want URIs for all

RDF Graph Modeling
Where?
Careful URI Design
Expressiveness

Where?
RDF GraphModeling
http://datos.bcn.cl/recurso/cl/DTO/ministerio-del-interior/1995-02-17/296/
Decree 296
http://datos.bcn.cl/recurso/cl/DTO/ministerio-del-interior/1995-02-17/296/es@1995-02-17
Original
http://datos.bcn.cl/recurso/cl/DTO/ministerio-del-interior/1995-02-17/296/es@2005-05-10
Latest version

Where?
Links to other datasets (Countries for International Treaties)
DBPedia, Geonames
Reuse vocabularies / Ontologies
SKOS, DC, FOAF, DBPedia, ORG
Triplestore: Openlink Virtuoso
SPARQL Endpoint

SPARQL Endpoint
Example of query
Where?
Findallnormsemittedby a municipality between 1995 and 2000 that were modified after 2005.
PREFIX dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/>
PREFIX n: <http://datos.bcn.cl/ontologies/bcn-norms#>
SELECT ?normTitle ?creatorName ?pubDate ?pubDateOther
WHERE {
?norm n:createdBy ?creator .
?creator n:hasName ?creatorName .
?norm dc:title ?normTitle .
?norm n:publishDate ?pubDate .
?norm n:isModifiedBy ?otherNorm .
?otherNorm n:publishDate ?pubDateOther .
FILTER (regex(?creatorName,"MUNICIPALIDAD","i"))
FILTER (?pubDate > "1995" &&
?pubDate < "2000" &&
?pubDateOther > "2005")
}
ORDER BY (?pubDate)

Where?
We developed a Linked Data Frontend (WESO-DESH)
Content negotiation based on HTTP 303 See Other
Definition of URIs based on regular expressions
Easy configuration
Support for CONSTRUCT, ASK & DESCRIBE
Delegates output formats to SPARQL Endpoint
Result caching
GUI for administration backend (in progress)
http://code.google.com/p/weso-desh/

Where?
WESO-DESH (Linked Data Frontend)
XML Configuration
Output HTML+RDFa

26
Update Graph Service
Where?
Automatic extraction & transformation process to update the RDF Graph
Based on Pentaho - Kettle ETL
Executes Transformations in threads
Configuration in XML
*ETL = Extraction, Transformation Loading

Documentation
Documentation Web Portal: TYPO3 CMS
Sections:
URI constructionguidelines
Examplequeries
Output formats
Ontology documentation
etc.
Where?

Non-Functional Requirements
Answer time
Cache system, Profiling
Security & privacity
Different views and access levels of RDF Graph
Others
Internationalization
Accessibility
Use of standards
Where?

29
Optional: Data visualization
Where?
Protype tool: LODViz (Linked Open Data Vizualization)
Based on HTML5 (pattern library)
Work in progress
http://www.weso.es/lodviz/

30
Results
Public Dataset Catalogs Faceted Browser - CTIC Foundation
Five stars Linked Open Data

31
Conclusions
First stage finished
> 300.000 norms exported
 8mill. triples,  27 triples by norm
200/400 triples added each day
3 tools in development
WESO DESH - Linked data frontend
WESO RUD – RDF Updater
LODVIZ – Linked Open Data Visualization
Proposed methodology of Linked Open Data

Future Work
Library of Congress of Chile
More datasets: Biographies, Geographical data
History of Law
Improve documentation
WESO Research group
Semantic search engine
Entity extraction & reconciliation in text
Resource Recommendation
Provenance & graph views

TheEnd
http://www.weso.es
More Information
http://www.bcn.cl

34
Main Team
Francisco Cifuentes
Member of WESO Research Group and Library of Congress of Chile
http://www.weso.es/~fcifuentes
Christian Sifaqui
Head of Systems and Network information services
Library of Congress of Chile
http://sifaqui.blogspot.com/
Jose Emilio Labra
Associate Professor of University of Oviedo and
Head of WESO Research Group
http://www.di.uniovi.es/~labra/

Credits
Most of the people were obtained from Internet.
Imagen transparencia: http://2.bp.blogspot.com/--wFwsKwMgAg/TjSDXOLCTzI/AAAAAAAAOzQ/qvBtbShckdI/s1600/11.2.bmp
Euros: Minuto digital. http://www.minutodigital.com/wp-content/uploads/euros-300x196.jpg
Biblioteca: http://ffernandez.files.wordpress.com/2010/04/biblioteca.jpg
FRBR: http://cucataloging.blogspot.com/
Contextualization: http://tentblogger.com/right-advertisers/
Documentation: http://susops.blogspot.com/2010/07/power-of-documentation.html

http://jelabra.blogspot.com	934
http://sifaqui.blogspot.com	345
http://156.35.31.156	40
http://jelabra.blogspot.com.es	31
http://www.jelabra.blogspot.com	19
http://www.weso.es	14
http://linkeddata.uriburner.com	12
http://sifaqui.blogspot.mx	9
http://sifaqui.blogspot.com.es	6
http://sifaqui.blogspot.com.ar	4
http://s409362565.mialojamiento.es	3
http://www.blogger.com	3
http://jelabra.blogspot.mx	2
http://localhost	1
http://www.sifaqui.blogspot.com	1
http://weso.es	1
http://sifaqui.blogspot.ca	1
http://webcache.googleusercontent.com	1
http://translate.googleusercontent.com	1

Towards an architecture and adoption process for Linked Data technologies in Open Government contexts - A case study for the Librery of Congress of Chile

by Jose Emilio Labra Gayo on Sep 08, 2011

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Towards an architecture and adoption process for Linked Data technologies in Open Government contexts - A case study for the Librery of Congress of Chile — Presentation Transcript