Sanitation Innovations - Hygiene Improvement Project

Sanitation Innovations USAID H ygiene I mprovement P roject CORE Spring Meeting April 29, 2010

WORLDWIDE STATE OF EMERGENCY!
2.6 billion people or 39 per cent of the world’s population live without access to basic sanitation.
Some good news: Open defecation declining
BUT
1.1 billion people still defecate in the open. 81% in 11 countries: India, Indonesia, China, Ethiopia, Pakistan, Nigeria, Sudan, Nepal, Brazil, Niger and Bangladesh

THIS CRISIS CALLS FOR NEW APPROACHES!
The old way – “one size fits all” latrines subsidized by development partners – simply has not worked.
USAID’s Hygiene Improvement Project is trying some new ways of increasing access to sanitation:
Community-Led Total Sanitation and Hygiene
Sanitation as a Business

Ethiopia: Total Sanitation and Hygiene Behavior Change …
Integrated into the national Health Extension Program
Walk of shame & disgust through open defecation sites -
Ignites the community to ACT.
Follow up with IPC to help negotiate improved practices, moving “up the ladder” over time.
Key learning : Sustainability comes through linking to a national strategy, and also by linking total sanitation to hygiene and handwashing through household IPC

Sanitation as a Business
Madagascar
1. Production and marketing of latrine
slabs through local small enterprises
2. Local masons trained to become community entrepreneurs for building latrines
3. PPP pay-for-use toilet/shower
facilities, privately managed –
Portion of revenue creates revolving
fund for reinvestment in sanitation

Peru: Alternative Pro-poor Sanitation Solutions A market approach for sanitation A catalog of sanitation options according people’s expectation Affordable market loans for sanitation Integrated communication marketing strategy Strengthening of local providers. Key learning : The poor aspire to aesthetically pleasing toilets that don’t look like latrines that ID them as poor

Uganda: Sanitation Marketing - District pilot effort linked to CLTS
Training of local masons in improved latrine design
Formalized training through local vocational training institutes
Design innovations (unreinforced dome shape) to reduce materials needed latrine
Cost reduction measures for cement and rebar
Public advertising for local certified latrine entrepreneurs

Improved Hygiene Behaviors that HIP promotes
“ Use and maintenance of improved or hygienic latrines”
and …

“ Handwashing with soap at critical times” (e.g. after latrine use)

DESPERATELY SEEKING….. Multiple communication channels and non-traditional partners for new approaches to the sanitation crisis

NGOs and Unusual Partners (ex. Scouts)
Create demand for sanitation and hygiene services and products
Private sector
meet customer demand for improved sanitation
Local entrepreneurs
Provide affordable, appropriate goods and services
Community extension or frontline health workers
Promote good practices
Communities
Community-led total sanitation to end open defecation

Tools And Products For Hygiene And Sanitation Behavior Change

Creating demand through advertising, and community promotion Peru poster promoting toilets as thrones for royalty! Madagascar poster advertising enabling products for sale for the 3 key practices

Simple, affordable enabling technologies

Latrines adapted to needs of persons living with AIDS

Tools for negotiating small doable actions with households

Measuring household hygiene and sanitation improvement:
“ Access and Behavioral Outcome Indicators for Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene”
A MANUAL DEVELOPED BY HIP
PUBLISHED FEBRUARY 2010
AVAILABLE AT HTTP://HIP.WATSAN.NET

The manual includes “Essential and Expanded Hygiene Indicators” Hygiene Content Area Indicator Hand Washing with Soap at Critical Moments HW1. % of respondents who know all critical moments for hand washing HW2. % of households with soap and water at a hand washing station commonly used by family members HW3. % of households with soap and water at a hand washing station inside or within 10 paces of latrines HW4. % of households with soap or locally available cleansing agent for hand washing anywhere in the household

Hygiene Content Area Indicator Access to and Use of Sanitary Facilities for the Disposal of Human Excreta SAN1. % of households with access to an improved sanitation facility (urban and rural) SAN2. % of households with reliable access to sanitary facilities SAN3. % of households spending less than 10 minutes to travel to public or shared facilities SAN4. % of children <36 (or 60) months whose feces were disposed of safely SAN5. % of households using the available (improved) sanitation facility SAN6. % of households with sanitary facilities that practice adequate cleanliness to encourage use SAN7. % of households with sanitary facilities that practice adequate maintenance to keep them operational SAN8. # of communities achieving open defecation free status SAN9. % of communities that are maintaining their open defecation free status

Access to sanitation, Madagascar P e r c e n t

INTEGRATING HYGIENE INTO OTHER PROGRAMS

HANDWASHING WITH SOAP! REDUCES DIARRHEA BY NEARLY 50%
The easiest practice to integrate into CS/MCH programs:

Integration possibilities include:
Handwashing stations and promotion in health centers

Handwashing promotion at the community level

Handwashing and hygiene promotion for home-based care givers and people living with HIV-AIDS

Handwashing promotion in schools And in church!

Celebrate GLOBAL HANDWASHING DAY October 15 An initiative of the Public Private Partnership for Handwashing

Thank You!

Sanitation Innovations - Hygiene Improvement Project

by jehill3 on Jun 23, 2010

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Sanitation Innovations - Hygiene Improvement Project — Presentation Transcript