PSI Diarrhea Prevention and Safe Water Approaches

Why Worry About Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene? Unsafe Water: More than 884 million people worldwide lack access to improved water sources No Sanitation: 2.5 billion don’t have access to a latrine or toilet So What? : Every 15 seconds child dies from dehydration due to diarrhea.

Goal: Reduce Global Burden of Diarrhea
Every Year: 1.5 M children die from diarrheal diseases; 4,000 every day
90% children under 5
80% transmission from consumption of unsafe drinking water
Graphic Citation: worldmapper.org Proportion of Worldwide Cases of Diarrhea (0 – 4 years of age)*

Ensuring the Water is Clean… When You Drink it
Even when water is delivered by wells to a community, water often becomes contaminated while being transported from the well to the home or while it is being stored in the household.

Low additional cost and widespread applicability make them a viable complement to infrastructure development
Enables households to manage their water quality
Household Water Treatment (HWT): One Family at a Time

CDC ’ s Safe Water Solution (Sodium hypochlorite solution)
Low Cost: Less than a penny a day for a family of 6;
Builds Local Capacity: Produced locally ; thereby reducing production costs and improving sustainability.
NaDCC Aquatabs (NaDCC tabs)
Facilitates distribution : Light and easy to transport
Long Product Life: Five year expiration date
Individual sale possible: Facilitating purchase by consumers with little disposable cash
Flocculant – Disinfectant (PUR Purifier of Water®)
Facilitates distribution : Light and easy to transport
Long Product Life: Three year expiration date
Added Effectiveness: Also removes turbidity, other micro-organisms (i.e. giardia) and arsenic
Visual Cue: Enhances demand, especially rural audiences
PSI’s current HWT Options: Ensuring household drinking water quality

Social • marketing (so shel • mar kit ing) n. 1. The application of marketing concepts and techniques to influence behavior among a target audi-ence in order to benefit themselves and society.

Communications + Product = Healthy Behavior

PSI’s Child Survival programs are in over 30 countries

Liters of water treated since PSI Safe Water programs began: over 60 billion

A Case Study: Enabling People in Madagascar to treat their drinking water

Applying Evidence to Improve HWT Uptake: Madagascar Sur’Eau use: 2004 and 2006

Challenges Encountered
Lack of developed commercial sector – limited reach of wholesalers
Lack of rural coverage
Low profit margins compared to other FMCG
Increased costs
Limited funding leading to modest A&P Budgets
“ Water treatment culture” is harder to create than thought

Hotely Sûr’e Sekoly Sûr’e Community-Based Distribution Agents

Using key determinants to drive behavior change:
Self efficacy :
Simply Instructions
More product demonstrations via CHWs and other
Social norms:
Develop a “Women Network” and revise packaging to promote Sûr’Eau use
Risk of diarrhea:
Implement concentrated IPC/ mass media campaign on negative effects of diarrhea
used radio spots, mobile video units, and interpersonal communication activities to educate about the dangers of diarrhea; implemented intensive IPC in high prevalence zones

Madagascar Sur’Eau use: 2004, 2006, 2008

Primary CS Indicators
Water treatment:
% of households with children under five ever using a PSI point of use treatment product to treat drinking water
% of households with children under five consistently treating drinking water using promoted method
% of households with children under five treating drinking water using promoted methods in the last 24 hours
Verified with chlorine residual testing
% of households with children under five correctly treating drinking water using promoted method
Water storage
% of households with children under five correctly storing treated drinking water

Primary CS Indicators
Handwashing
% of caregivers with children under five who wash their hands at critical times:
before preparing food
before feeding a child
before eating
after defecation
after changing a child
% of households with children under five who have soap present in the home
Hygiene
% of caregivers who used a toilet or latrine the last time they defecated
% of caregivers who always use a toilet or latrine for disposing of children’s feces

Taking HWT to Scale: Lesson Learned
Focus on key determinants
Constant communication of culturally-relevant aspirational messages
Partnerships are critical to success
Work through multiple channels to enable behavior change and increase product update
Monitoring and Evaluation of standard indicators is essential
Emergency Relief can serve as a launching pad and be leveraged for behavior change

Conclusion: These interventions are… Effective: Offer measurable reduction in diarrheal disease prevalence Offer measurable increase in good hygiene practices and beliefs Affordable From a penny a day to $0.20 a day for a family of 6 Scalable: Allow PSI to ensure that millions of people can drink a glass of clean, safe water every day.

PSI Diarrhea Prevention and Safe Water Approaches

by jehill3 on Jun 23, 2010

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PSI Diarrhea Prevention and Safe Water Approaches — Presentation Transcript