Poster presentation-Elevated glucocorticoids among intimate partner violence victims: a biomarker for Alzheimer\'s Disease. Psychonueroimmunology Research Society Conference
Intimate Partner Violence (Ipv) Systems With Background
Pnirs Poster Final June 10 2005
1. USC Elevated glucocorticoids among intimate partner violence
UNIVERSITY
OF SOUTHERN victims: a biomarker for Alzheimer’s Disease
CALIFORNIA
James M. DeCarli, PhD Candidate, MPH, MPA, CHES
Keck School of Medicine & Department of Psychology-Neuroscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA
Introduction Results
Chronic stress has been found to be a
contributing factor to structural changes in the Behavioral Phases-Cycle of Violence In Alzheimer’s disease, the hippocampus is the
hippocampus and amygdala. 2. Violent Incident Phase: 3. Honeymoon most affected structure of the brain in terms of
Stress
Tension release by the abuser Phase: Abuser pathology and synaptic and neuronal loss
through physical, sexual, or forgives. Abuser and
While structural changes of the hippocampus emotional psychological assault. victim believe it will
(Hyman, 1984). Hyperglucocorticoids ApoE
have been associated with an increased risk of never happen again.
1. Tension Building Phase: Emotional and Elevated glucocorticoids in Alzheimer’s disease Neurodegeneration
Alzheimer’s disease, no studies have implicated Tension builds between the symbolic bond begin. (Human & Animal Studies)
association between neuroplasticity of these couple. The abuser uses have also been shown to be a function of
verbal, emotional, or physical •Impulsive
brain regions among victims of intimate partner apolipoprotein (ApoE), suggesting a potential behaviors
threats. Atrophy &
violence compared to those neurological effects association between Alzheimer’s disease and IPV Alzheimer’s
•Misperceived Neuroplasticity of
observed in Alzheimer’s disease. chronic stress (Sapolsky, 1996). Emotions Hippocampus &
•Aggression Amygdala
The purpose of this review was to establish a Physiological Outcomes From Each Phase Studies of Alzheimer’s disease show the Depression
needs assessment to determine an association greatest percentage of brain structure loss are Impaired memory
Tension Violent Honeymoon & LTP
between Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) and Building Phase Incident Phase Phase
found among the amygdala (Smith, 1999). PTSD
Alzheimer’s disease, to be used for further study. Victim Fear Repeated Stress PTSD Neurological Associations
Abuser Anxiety Repeated Stress Depression
Research questions: Stress Alzheimer’s Disease IPV
Hyperglucocorticoids Hyperclucocorticoids Hyperglucocorticoids
(Association-ApoE)
1. Does chronic stress from Emotional & Cycle Repeats Overtime: Allostatic Load
Psychological Abuse due to Intimate Partner
Atrophy of
Hippocampus
Atrophy of
Hippocampus
Atrophy of
Hippocampus
Conclusions
Violence contribute to structural changes Impaired Memory Impaired Memory Impaired Memory
1. Chronic stress from Emotional & Psychological
within the hippocampus? Depression & PTSD
Abuse in Intimate Partner Violence contributes to
structural changes within the hippocampus.
2. Are structural changes of the hippocampus Chronic effects of stress, due to
associated with an increased risk of hyperglucocorticoids, include memory decrease,
2. Structural changes of the hippocampus are
Alzheimer’s disease? Repeat stress and restraint stress, fear anxiety, hippocampal atrophy and neuroplasticity
associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer’s
PTSD, and depression have been observed in (Sapolsky, 1996).
disease.
Methods those exposed to emotional and psychological
abuse in intimate partner violence cycles. Hippocampal lesions impair memory & long term
3. Neurobehavioral characteristics of emotional and
Descriptive systematic review of neurobehavioral These outcomes have been found associated potentiation (Luine et al, 1994), and new learning
psychological abuse in intimate partner violence
physiology, and intimate partner violence literature: with structural plasticity of the hippocampus of memory in human and animal studies (Arbel et
mirrors neuronal atrophy and impaired memory also
(Margarinos, 1997). al, 1994).
observed in Alzheimer’s Disease.
1. Neural imaging of hippocampal atrophy among
victims of Intimate Partner Violence and fMRI studies have linked abuse, PTSD and Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) have
The results of this review will provide a foundation to
Alzheimer’s Disease; neuronal loss (DeBellis et al, 2000) been shown to decrease during chronic stress
design and evaluate cognitive behavioral
(Smith et al, 1995). Reduction of BDNF may be
interventions to reduce prevalence of intimate
2. Chronic affect of glucocorticoids on memory; Those exposed to Intimate Partner Violence associated with release of glucocorticoids and
partner violence, where outcome measures
share common behavioural outcomes of those serotonin 5HT receptor stimulation (Vaidya et al,
evaluating neurological changes to measure efficacy
3. Neurobehavioral characteristics of victims of observed who have hippocampal and amygdala 1997). Decrease in serotonin 5HT receptor
using functional magnetic resonance a baseline to
Intimate Partner Violence compared to those lesions, such as impulsive behaviours, binding within hippocampus is also associated
view Alzheimer’s Disease causality from a
diagnosed with Alzheimer’s Disease. misperceived emotions, and aggression. with atrophy in CA3 region (McEwen et al, 1997).
multidisciplinary approach.