Zinnar: The Palestinian Interoperability Framework

The IFIP International Symposium on Data-Driven Process Discovery and Analysis (SIMPDA’11)
Campione, Italy.
June 30, 2011
Ontology-based Data and Service Governance
Zinnar
The Palestinian Interoperability Framework
أنطولوجيا الحكومة الفلسطينية
Mustafa Jarrar
mjarrar@birzeit.edu
www.jarrar.info

For citation please use:Mustafa Jarrar, Anton Deik, BilalFaraj: Ontology-Based Data And Process Governance Framework -The Case Of E-Government Interoperability In Palestine. In pre-proceedings of the IFIP International Symposium on Data-Driven Process Discovery and Analysis (SIMPDA’11). Pages(83-98). ISBN 978-88-903120-2-1. Campione, Italy. June 30, 2011.
Download
http://www.jarrar.info/publications/#JDF11
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Abstract
The major challenge when integrating information systems in any domain such as e-Government is the challenge of Interoperability. One can distinguish between three aspects of Interoperability; technical, semantic, and organizational. The technical aspect has been widely tackled especially after the ubiquity of internet technologies. The semantic and organizational aspects deal with sharing the same understanding (semantics) of exchanged information among all applications and services, in addition to modeling and re-engineering governmental processes to facilitate process cooperation that provision seamless e-government services. In this paper, we present the case of the Palestinian Interoperability Framework ‘Zinnar’, which is a use case of using ontology in e-government (i.e., data and process governance) to tackle the issues of semantic and organizational interoperability. The followed methodology resulted in a success story within a very short time and has produced a framework that is intuitive, elegant, and easy to understand and implement.
Keywords: Interoperability, Data Integration, e-Government, Ontology, Data Governance, Process Governance, Business Process Modeling.

Zinnar Website
http://www.zinnar.pna.ps

The Palestinian e-Government Academy
http://www.egovacademy.ps

Part 1What is egovernment?
6

What is e-Government (Simplified Demo)
e-Government is a (framework) to enable electronic services: government-to-government (G2G), government-to-business (G2B), and government-to-citizen (G2C).
Ministry A
Ministry B
Ministry C
Ministry D
?

12345
Payment
Server
Metadata
################################
 Authenticate Users
Transport
Interior
Health
Name:
PIN:
###########
###########
Portal
Authentication
Server

Ministry A
Ministry B
Ministry C
Ministry D
<Query>
<Query>
Payment
Server
Metadata
List of allowed services
Choose Renew Driving License
################################
Transport
Transport
Interior
Interior
Health
Health
Renew License
Register Car
Renew Passport
Register New born Copy of Birth Certificate
Portal
Authentication
Server

Servers interoperate among each other to exchange data messages.
Exchanging data messages is like exchanging documents, but in a digital world.
Ministry A
Ministry D
Ministry C
Ministry B
<Query>
<Query>
<Query>
<Query>
= = = = =
= = = = =
<Query>
= = = = =
= = = = =
Payment
Server
Metadata
################################
Aaaaaaaaa a aaaaa
Bbbbbbbbb a bb aaa
Vvvvbbbbb
Name:
Name:
Name:
ccc
Aaaaaaaaa a aaaaa
Bbbbbbbbb a bb aaa
Xxxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx
Aaaaaaaaa a aaaaa
Bbbbbbbbb a bb aaa
Transport
Transport
Interior
Interior
Health
Health
Renew License
Register Car
Renew Passport
Portal
Authentication
Server

Ministry D
Ministry C
Ministry A
Ministry B
Payment
Server
Metadata
Aaaaaaaaa a aaaaa
Bbbbbbbbb a bb aaa
Vvvvbbbbb
Name:
Name:
Name:
ccc
Xxxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx
Aaaaaaaaa a aaaaa
Bbbbbbbbb a bb aaa
Transport
Transport
Interior
Interior
Health
Health

Renew License
Register Car
Renew Passport
Portal
Authentication
Server

A framework is needed for Interoperability (Organizational, Technical, Semantical).
Ministry A
Ministry B
Ministry C
Ministry D
<Query>
<Query>
<Query>
= = = = =
= = = = =
Payment
Server
Metadata
################################
Aaaaaaaaa a aaaaa
Bbbbbbbbb a bb aaa
Vvvvbbbbb
Name:
Name:
Name:
ccc
Xxxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx
Aaaaaaaaa a aaaaa
Bbbbbbbbb a bb aaa
Transport
Transport
Interior
Interior
Health
Health

Renew License
Register Car
Renew Passport
Portal
Authentication
Server

e-Government (Data Messages)
Data Message
<SOAP-ENV:Envelopexmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"
SOAP-ENV:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">
<SOAP-ENV:Header>
. . .
<SOAP-ENV:Header>
<SOAP-ENV:Body>
. . .
<Person>
<PersonID>123456789</PersonID>
<FName>Rula</FName>
. . .
<Nationality>PAL33</Nationality>
. . .
</SOAP-ENV:Body>
Ministry A
Ministry B
Ministry C
Ministry D
<Query>
<Query>
<Query>
= = = = =
= = = = =
Payment
Server
Metadata
################################
Aaaaaaaaa a aaaaa
Bbbbbbbbb a bb aaa
Vvvvbbbbb
Name:
Name:
Name:
ccc
Xxxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx
Aaaaaaaaa a aaaaa
Bbbbbbbbb a bb aaa
Transport
Transport
Interior
Interior
Health
Health

Renew License
Register Car
Renew Passport
Portal
Authentication
Server

e-Government Interoperability
Data Message
<SOAP-ENV:Envelopexmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"
SOAP-ENV:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">
<SOAP-ENV:Header>
. . .
<SOAP-ENV:Header>
<SOAP-ENV:Body>
. . .
<Person>
<PersonID>123456789</PersonID>
<FName>Rula</FName>
. . .
<Nationality>PAL33</Nationality>
. . .
</SOAP-ENV:Body>
Servers interoperate among each other and exchange data messages.
Ministry A
Ministry B
Ministry C
Ministry D
<Query>
<Query>
<Query>
= = = = =
= = = = =
We need to agree on and share:
Vocabulary (naming & codes)
Meaning of data
Structure of data
=>We need an ontology,
Payment
Server
Metadata
################################
Aaaaaaaaa a aaaaa
Bbbbbbbbb a bb aaa
Vvvvbbbbb
Name:
Name:
Name:
ccc
Xxxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx
Aaaaaaaaa a aaaaa
Bbbbbbbbb a bb aaa
Transport
Transport
Interior
Interior
Health
Health

Renew License
Register Car
Renew Passport
Portal
Authentication
Server

Why e-Goverment in Palestine?
Egov for Palestine is not a luxury, but a must (political, economy, social)
Like other countries:
To make the life of citizens easier
For effectiveness and transparency in public services.
Improve economy: more income, less spending
And More: (To Bridge Palestinians)
To serve Palestinians who live inside but unable to reach public offices because of the hundreds of Israeli check-points between cities.
To connect and serve Palestinians refugees and foreigners (70% of Palestinians).

We divided the e-government project in Palestine into five main frameworks:
Infrastructure
Security
Interoperability
Legal
Policy
15
E-government Frameworks

Should ministries be linked through the internet, or have own network?
Who manages the network?
…
e-government Network…. Done!
Ministry A
Ministry B
Ministry C
Ministry D
= = = = =
= = = = =
Payment
Server
Metadata
################################
Aaaaaaaaa a aaaaa
Bbbbbbbbb a bb aaa
Vvvvbbbbb
Name:
Name:
Name:
1. Infrastructure
ccc
Xxxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx
Aaaaaaaaa a aaaaa
Bbbbbbbbb a bb aaa
Transport
Transport
Interior
Interior
Health
Health

Renew License
Register Car
Renew Passport
Portal
Authentication
Server

Ministry A is sure about the message sources (Ministry B).
Ministry B cannot deny sending the message.
The message cannot be changed in the middle.
….
Estonian Project….!
Ministry A
Ministry B
Ministry C
Ministry D
= = = = =
= = = = =
Payment
Server
Metadata
2. Security Framework
################################
Aaaaaaaaa a aaaaa
Bbbbbbbbb a bb aaa
Vvvvbbbbb
Name:
Name:
Name:
1. Infrastructure
ccc
Xxxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx
Aaaaaaaaa a aaaaa
Bbbbbbbbb a bb aaa
Transport
Transport
Interior
Interior
Health
Health

Renew License
Register Car
Renew Passport
Portal
Authentication
Server

The content of the exchanged messages understood.
Organizational procedures compatible.
Technical issues and systems are compatible.
….
National Interoperability Team….!
Ministry A
Ministry B
Ministry C
Ministry D
= = = = =
= = = = =
3. Interoperability Framework
Payment
Server
Metadata
################################
Aaaaaaaaa a aaaaa
Bbbbbbbbb a bb aaa
Vvvvbbbbb
Name:
Name:
Name:
1. Infrastructure
ccc
Xxxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx
Aaaaaaaaa a aaaaa
Bbbbbbbbb a bb aaa
Transport
Transport
Interior
Interior
Health
Health

Renew License
Register Car
Renew Passport
Portal
Authentication
Server

All communications are legally accepted.
Can a ministry deny providing a service?
What information is private, cannot be exchanged with other ministries
….
Legal-Information Team….!
Ministry A
Ministry B
Ministry C
Ministry D
= = = = =
= = = = =
4. Legal Framework
Payment
Server
Metadata
################################
Aaaaaaaaa a aaaaa
Bbbbbbbbb a bb aaa
Vvvvbbbbb
Name:
Name:
Name:
1. Infrastructure
ccc
Xxxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx
Aaaaaaaaa a aaaaa
Bbbbbbbbb a bb aaa
Transport
Transport
Interior
Interior
Health
Health

Renew License
Register Car
Renew Passport
Portal
Authentication
Server

Which services to provide now/later.
Who should benefit from services (Green ID, Blue IDs, refugees and foreigner)?
….
OECD project….!
5. Policy Framework
Ministry A
Ministry B
Ministry C
Ministry D
= = = = =
= = = = =
4. Legal Framework
Payment
Server
Metadata
################################
Aaaaaaaaa a aaaaa
Bbbbbbbbb a bb aaa
Vvvvbbbbb
Name:
Name:
Name:
1. Infrastructure
ccc
Xxxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx
Aaaaaaaaa a aaaaa
Bbbbbbbbb a bb aaa
Transport
Transport
Interior
Interior
Health
Health

Renew License
Register Car
Renew Passport
Portal
Authentication
Server

Part 2The Palestinian Interoperability Framework (Zinnar)
21

Palestinian Interoperability Framework (Zinnar)
http//:zinnar.pna.ps
Semantic & organization Interoperability are (realized in five servers)
Address
Server
GIS-enabled
Addresses
Entity
Server
Government
Ontology
Database of Databases
Classification codes
Entity mappings
Metadata about
all state DBs
Service
Repository
Business Processes,
AsIs-ToBe, WSDL, UDDI
CommitTo
Technical Interoperability
e-Government Service Bus
(Service-Oriented Architecture )
Tech Standards
SOAP, WSDL, UTF-8…

How to use the Ontology?
Ontology
All exchanged messages commit to the Ontology
Ministry D
Ministry C
Ministry A
Ministry B
Payment
Server
Metadata
Aaaaaaaaa a aaaaa
Bbbbbbbbb a bb aaa
Vvvvbbbbb
Name:
Name:
Name:
ccc
Xxxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx
Transport
Transport
Aaaaaaaaa a aaaaa
Bbbbbbbbb a bb aaa
Interior
Interior
Health
Health
Renew License
Register Car
Renew Passport
Message3
Message4
Message1
Message2
Portal

How to use the Entity Server?
Entity Server
All entity codes and names in all exchanged messages must be mapped to those in the Entity Server
Ministry D
Ministry C
Ministry A
Ministry B
Payment
Server
Metadata
Aaaaaaaaa a aaaaa
Bbbbbbbbb a bb aaa
Vvvvbbbbb
Name:
Name:
Name:
ccc
Xxxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx
Aaaaaaaaa a aaaaa
Bbbbbbbbb a bb aaa
Transport
Transport
Interior
Interior
Health
Health
Renew License
Register Car
Renew Passport
Message3
Message4
Message1
Message2
Portal

Entity Server

Address Server and the Ontology

Service Repository: governmental Business Processes
As-is process model
Re-engineered process “To-be model”

Ontology-based Service Governance
Commitsto
Commitsto
Mapsto
Implements
Business Process
Models

Government Ontology – What is it?
The Government Ontology can be viewed as a framework(standard) that consists of the agreed-upon Vocabulary (naming), meaning, structure and business rules pertaining to the data exchanged in e-Government services.

The Government Ontology is a formal description of the terminology (concepts and their interrelationships) communicated in the Government domain; so that all the terminology in the web services is mapped to (commits to) this ontology.

The Government Ontology is engineered by modularizing it into connected modules (e.g., Legal Person, Address, Organization, Car, Land, …).

Government Ontology (Example)
Each Module consists of three components: (1) ORM Diagram, (2) Glossary, (3) Business Rules.
1- ORM Diagram

2- Glossary

3- Business Rules

Thank you!

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Zinnar: The Palestinian Interoperability Framework

by Mustafa Jarrar on Aug 02, 2011

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