Principles of high quality assessment
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The document discusses principles of high quality assessment and outlines key concepts. It emphasizes the importance of clarity in learning targets and objectives. It also provides interpretations for reliability scores on classroom tests and includes an example of computing the KR21 index of reliability for a 50 item test. The purpose is to deeply understand the concepts underlying principles of high quality assessment.
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Principles of high quality assessment
- 3. “what does it mean to be real and to be certain in a world full of fraud and uncertainties?”
- 6.
- 10. Reliability Interpretation .90 and above Excellent Reliability .80 -. 90 Very good for a classroom test .70 - .80 Good for a classroom test .60 - .70 Somewhat low .50 - .60 Suggests need for revision of test .50 or below Questionable
- 11. A 50 item test was administered to a group of 20 students. The mean score was 35 while standard deviation was 5.5. Compute the KR21 index of reliability.
- 15. “If the proof of the pudding is in the eating, then the proof of learning is results obtained from assessing.”
- 18. "The society we live in is a prison where the hearts of the people are the judges and their eyes are the cold bars." - Mark d.Peña
- 19. To deeply understand the concepts underlying Principles of High Quality Assessment.
- 20. The BSED 3-N1 will: 1.) Identify the person/s behind Principles of High Quality Assessment. 2.) Discuss various possible assessments that will cater different types of Learners. 3.) Identify and apply different teaching strategies that will meet the Principles of High Quality Assessment.
- 24. LEARNING TARGETS Knowledge Students’ mastery of the content. Reasoning Students’ ability to use their knowledge. Skills Students’ ability to demonstrate what they have learned. Products Students’ ability to create. Affects Students’ emotional attainments.
- 25. specific activities or tasks that a student can proficiently do cluster of skillsmade up of related competencies
Editor's Notes
- * Principles -
- *refers to consistency, dependability or stability of an assessment method*also refers to the consistency of the scores obtained-how consistent they are for each individual from one administration of an instrument to another and from one set of items to another
- Also known as the Split Half Method which involves scoring two-halves (usually odd items versus even items) of a test separately for each person and then calculating a correlation coefficient for the two set of scores.
- *Kuder-Richardson Formulae (KR 20 or KR 21) more frequently employed formula for determining internal consistency. KR20 is more difficult to calculate and requires a computer program.K-number of items on the testM-mean of the test M=Σxi/n sum of the scores divided by the number of students who took the testVariance-variance of the test scores V=sum of differences of individual scores and Mean/n-1 where n is the number of test takers
- Reliability and validity are related concepts. If an instrument is unreliable, it cannot yield valid outcomes. As reliability improves, validity may improve (or it may not). However if an instrument is shown scientifically to be valid then it is almost certain that it is also reliable. This table presented is a standard followed almost universally in educational tests and measurement..90-at the level of the best standardized test.70-in the range of most. There are probably a few items which could be improved.60-this test needs to be supplemented by other measures (e.g. more tests) to determine grades. There are probably some items which could be improved.50-unless it is quite short (ten or fewer items). The test definitely needs to be supplemented by other measures (e.g. more tests) for grading.50 below- this test should not contribute heavily to the course grade, and it needs revision.
- * Principles -
- 1. CLARITY OF LEARNING TARGETS (knowledge, reasoning, skills, products, affects) Assessment can be made precise, accurate and dependable only if what are to be achieved are clearly stated and feasible. The learning targets, involving knowledge, reasoning, skills, products and effects, need to be stated in behavioral terms which denote something which can be observed through the behavior of the students.
- Assessment should be clearly stated and specified and centered on what is truly important."Teaching emphasis should parallel testing emphasis."
- Cognitive Targets Benjamin Bloom (1954) proposed a hierarchy of educational objectives at the cognitive level. These are: •Knowledge – acquisition of facts, concepts and theories •Comprehension - understanding, involves cognition or awareness of the interrelationships •Application – transfer of knowledge from one field of study to another of from one concept to another concept in the same discipline •Analysis – breaking down of a concept or idea into its components and explaining g the concept as a composition of these concepts •Synthesis – opposite of analysis, entails putting together the components in order to summarize the concept •Evaluation and Reasoning – valuing and judgment or putting the “worth” of a concept or principle.
- Skills, Competencies and Abilities Targets Skills – specific activities or tasks that a student can proficiently do Competencies – cluster of skills Abilities – made up of relate competencies categorized as:i. Cognitive ii. Affective iii. Psychomotor
- Products, Outputs and Project Targets - tangible and concrete evidence of a student’s ability - need to clearly specify the level of workmanship of projects i. expert ii. skilled iii. novice