Oceans

Chemical and physical properties of our oceans

NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) NASA is to space what NOAA is to __________________. Both are funded by our government to study these areas of science. NASA is to space what NOAA is to water and air!

What elements and compounds are in the ocean besides water (H 2 O)?

Chemicals in the ocean The most common chemical in the ocean is sodium chloride – the same salt you put on your food! Salinity refers to how much salt is in water.

Salinity varies based on
Temperature and evaporation of water. When water evaporates, it leaves the salt behind making the water saltier (orange).
NOAA map of ocean's salinity. 2. Closeness to a “fresh” water source like a river or icebergs causes low salinity (blue). Continents in gray

http://www.nikon.co.jp/ The ocean changes as you get deeper. Less light so the living things must be able to live without light. More pressure due to the weight of the water above. It usually gets colder the deeper you go.

Density also affects the ocean. Salty water is more dense than fresh water. That means that fresh water will “float” on top of salty water and not mix well. Cold water is more dense than warm water. That means that warm water will “float” on top of cold water. Both these facts make water want to move. If cold water moves on top of warm water, the difference in density will make them slowly switch places. This causes currents .

How do we explore the ocean?

Aqualung developed by Jacques Cousteau

Sonar – ( SO und Na vigation a nd R anging) Sonar tells us about the shape of the ocean floor by sending sound waves to the ocean floor and measuring how long it takes the energy to return. This tells us the topography of the ocean floor. Do you remember what topography is? Ship using sonar and what it discovered.

Submersible craft are built to withstand deep ocean pressure. Often they are unmanned and have robotic "arms." Video on deep ocean exploring

Satellites Video clip on satellite technology

Oceans

by Janelle Wilson

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