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Part 1   Jake Flores
•   Fidel Castro's formal retirement from the
    Cuban presidency (after thirty-two years) and
    from leadership of the Cuban revolution
    (after forty-nine years) came on 19 February
    2008, when he withdrew his name from the
    deliberations of the newly elected national
    assembly; but informally it had arrived on 31
    July 2006, when he had transferred power -
    temporarily, pending surgery - to his brother
    Raúl. In any event, the later move was
    surprising only in its timing and manner.
   The government continues to balance the need for
    economic loosening against a desire for firm political
    control. It has rolled back limited reforms undertaken in
    the 1990s to increase enterprise efficiency and alleviate
    serious shortages of food, consumer goods, and
    services.

   The average Cuban's standard of living remains at a
    lower level than before the downturn of the 1990s,
    which was caused by the loss of Soviet aid and domestic
    inefficiencies.

   Since late 2000, Venezuela has been providing oil on
    preferential terms, and it currently supplies about
    100,000 barrels per day of petroleum products. Cuba
    has been paying for the oil, in part, with the services of
    Cuban personnel in Venezuela, including some 20,000
    medical professionals.

   In 2007, high metals prices continued to boost Cuban
    earnings from nickel and cobalt production. Havana
    continued to invest in the country's energy sector to
    mitigate electrical blackouts that had plagued the
    country since 2004.

   The economy of Cuba is a largely state-controlled,
    planned economy overseen by the Cuban government,
    though there remains significant foreign investment
    and enterprise in Cuba.

   Cuba experienced economic growth during the second
    half of the 1990s until 2001. At the end of 2000, Cuba
    reported a GDP growth rate of 5.6% and an average GDP
    growth rate of 4.6% for 1996-2000, a very respectable
    performance within Latin America.
   The relationship between the United States and Cuba
    for the last 40 years has been marked by tension and
    confrontations.

   The United States recognized the new Cuban
    government, headed by Fidel Castro, on January 7,
    1959. However, bilateral relations deteriorated rapidly
    as the regime expropriated U.S. properties and moved
    towards adoption of a one-party Marxist-Leninist
    system.

   As a result, the United States established an embargo
    on Cuba in October 1960 and broke diplomatic
    relations the following January. Tensions between the
    two governments peaked during the April 1961 "Bay of
    Pigs" invasion and the October 1962 missile crisis.

   Cuba established close ties with the Soviet Union and
    served as a Soviet surrogate in Africa and several
    countries in Latin America, which fueled cold war
    tensions and kept the bilateral relationship distant
    during the 1960s.

   In the 1970s, during the Nixon administration, the
    United States and Cuba began to explore normalizing
    relations, but the talks were suspended in 1975 when
    Cuba launched a large-scale intervention in Angola.

   The United States and Cuba did established interests
    sections in their respective capitals in September 1977
    to facilitate consular relations and provide a venue for
    dialogue, and both currently operate under the
    protection of the Embassy of Switzerland.

   Cuban international entanglements in the 1970s, such
    as deploying troops to Ethiopia and allowing Soviet
    forces on the island, continued to strain bilateral
    relations.
•   Cuba is a source country for women
    and children trafficked for the
    purposes of sexual exploitation and
    forced child labor; Cuba is a major
    destination for sex tourism, which
    largely caters to European, Canadian,
    and Latin American tourists and
    involves large numbers of minors;
    there are reports that Cuban women
    have been trafficked to Mexico for
    sexual exploitation; forced labor
    victims also include children coerced
    into working in commercial
    agriculture
    tier rating.
•   Cuba does not fully comply with the
    minimum standards for the
    elimination of trafficking and is not
    making significant efforts to do so
   The younger brother of
    Fidel Castro
   Born June 3, 1931 he is the
    President of the Cuban
    Council State
   Since assuming the
    presidency in February
    2008, Raúl Castro's
    government has announced
    several economic reforms
   In March 2008, the
    government removed
    restrictions against the
    purchase including DVD-
    players, computers, rice
    cookers, and microwaves
   The Cuban-American Treaty was signed on
    February 17, 1903 by the first president of
    Cuba, Tomas Palma, and the president of the
    United States ,Theodore Roosevelt.
   The treaty stipulated that Cuba will perpetually
    lease to the United States the Guantanamo Bay
    area for the purpose of coaling and naval
    stations
   The United States has absolute jurisdiction and
    control over the area and in return will
    recognize the Republic of Cuba's ultimate
    sovereignty over the area.
   The Guantanamo Bay Detention Camp is a
    detainment facility operated by the United
    States government since 2002
   The detainment areas consists of three camps
    in the base: Camp Delta (which includes Camp
    Echo), Camp Iguana, and Camp X-Ray (which
    has been closed)
   In 2001, President George W. Bash signed an
    executive order that stipulated that US military
    could indefinitely detain any non-citizen who
    he believed was involved in international
    terrorism.
   On January 22, 2009 the White House
    announced that President Barack Obama had
    signed an order that the detention facility
    would be shut down within the year
Sources
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/cu.html
                            http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Cuba
                                                http://www.cubatrade.org/
                               http://www.cubapolidata.com/gpc/gpc.html

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Part 1. Nation Report

  • 1. Part 1 Jake Flores
  • 2. Fidel Castro's formal retirement from the Cuban presidency (after thirty-two years) and from leadership of the Cuban revolution (after forty-nine years) came on 19 February 2008, when he withdrew his name from the deliberations of the newly elected national assembly; but informally it had arrived on 31 July 2006, when he had transferred power - temporarily, pending surgery - to his brother Raúl. In any event, the later move was surprising only in its timing and manner.
  • 3. The government continues to balance the need for economic loosening against a desire for firm political control. It has rolled back limited reforms undertaken in the 1990s to increase enterprise efficiency and alleviate serious shortages of food, consumer goods, and services.  The average Cuban's standard of living remains at a lower level than before the downturn of the 1990s, which was caused by the loss of Soviet aid and domestic inefficiencies.  Since late 2000, Venezuela has been providing oil on preferential terms, and it currently supplies about 100,000 barrels per day of petroleum products. Cuba has been paying for the oil, in part, with the services of Cuban personnel in Venezuela, including some 20,000 medical professionals.  In 2007, high metals prices continued to boost Cuban earnings from nickel and cobalt production. Havana continued to invest in the country's energy sector to mitigate electrical blackouts that had plagued the country since 2004.  The economy of Cuba is a largely state-controlled, planned economy overseen by the Cuban government, though there remains significant foreign investment and enterprise in Cuba.  Cuba experienced economic growth during the second half of the 1990s until 2001. At the end of 2000, Cuba reported a GDP growth rate of 5.6% and an average GDP growth rate of 4.6% for 1996-2000, a very respectable performance within Latin America.
  • 4. The relationship between the United States and Cuba for the last 40 years has been marked by tension and confrontations.  The United States recognized the new Cuban government, headed by Fidel Castro, on January 7, 1959. However, bilateral relations deteriorated rapidly as the regime expropriated U.S. properties and moved towards adoption of a one-party Marxist-Leninist system.  As a result, the United States established an embargo on Cuba in October 1960 and broke diplomatic relations the following January. Tensions between the two governments peaked during the April 1961 "Bay of Pigs" invasion and the October 1962 missile crisis.  Cuba established close ties with the Soviet Union and served as a Soviet surrogate in Africa and several countries in Latin America, which fueled cold war tensions and kept the bilateral relationship distant during the 1960s.  In the 1970s, during the Nixon administration, the United States and Cuba began to explore normalizing relations, but the talks were suspended in 1975 when Cuba launched a large-scale intervention in Angola.  The United States and Cuba did established interests sections in their respective capitals in September 1977 to facilitate consular relations and provide a venue for dialogue, and both currently operate under the protection of the Embassy of Switzerland.  Cuban international entanglements in the 1970s, such as deploying troops to Ethiopia and allowing Soviet forces on the island, continued to strain bilateral relations.
  • 5. Cuba is a source country for women and children trafficked for the purposes of sexual exploitation and forced child labor; Cuba is a major destination for sex tourism, which largely caters to European, Canadian, and Latin American tourists and involves large numbers of minors; there are reports that Cuban women have been trafficked to Mexico for sexual exploitation; forced labor victims also include children coerced into working in commercial agriculture tier rating. • Cuba does not fully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so
  • 6. The younger brother of Fidel Castro  Born June 3, 1931 he is the President of the Cuban Council State  Since assuming the presidency in February 2008, Raúl Castro's government has announced several economic reforms  In March 2008, the government removed restrictions against the purchase including DVD- players, computers, rice cookers, and microwaves
  • 7. The Cuban-American Treaty was signed on February 17, 1903 by the first president of Cuba, Tomas Palma, and the president of the United States ,Theodore Roosevelt.  The treaty stipulated that Cuba will perpetually lease to the United States the Guantanamo Bay area for the purpose of coaling and naval stations  The United States has absolute jurisdiction and control over the area and in return will recognize the Republic of Cuba's ultimate sovereignty over the area.  The Guantanamo Bay Detention Camp is a detainment facility operated by the United States government since 2002  The detainment areas consists of three camps in the base: Camp Delta (which includes Camp Echo), Camp Iguana, and Camp X-Ray (which has been closed)  In 2001, President George W. Bash signed an executive order that stipulated that US military could indefinitely detain any non-citizen who he believed was involved in international terrorism.  On January 22, 2009 the White House announced that President Barack Obama had signed an order that the detention facility would be shut down within the year
  • 8. Sources https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/cu.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Cuba http://www.cubatrade.org/ http://www.cubapolidata.com/gpc/gpc.html