Leaders in the Use of Technology in Nursing Education to Collaborate with the Global Community ABNF 2010

Leaders in the Use of Technology in Nursing Education to Collaborate with the Global Community
The Association of Black Nursing Faculty 23rd Annual Meeting and Scientific Conference
Paris, France

A Livestream Video Presentation
Sheila P. Davis, PhD, RN, FAAN
Professor of Nursing
&
Jil Wright
Instructional Designer
June 11, 2010
The University of Southern Mississippi
Hattiesburg, MS
Funded by HRSA Grant D11HP14611

Technology Surge
Over 4.6 million students were taking at least one online course during the fall 2008 term
A 17 percent increase over the number reported the previous year.
More than one in four higher education students now take at least one course online
Instructors noted that providing instructional support in the online medium required much more time and effort than in a face-to-face setting.

Learning on Demand: the Sloan Consortium
Learning on Demand: Online Education in the United States, 2009 ( Allen & Seaman, 2010)
The economic impact has been greatest on demand for online courses, with 66% of institutions reporting increased demand for new courses and programs and 73 % seeing increased demand for existing online courses and programs.

Sloan Consortium Findings
Public Institutions ( 74%) are more likely to believe that online is critical for their long-term strategy than either private for-profit (51%) or private nonprofit ( 50%) institutions.

Sloan Consortium Findings
The most common training approaches for online faculty are internally run training courses ( 65%) and informal mentoring ( 59%)

Need of Immediacy
The best predictor of quality of an online course consists of use of technologies such as email and discussion boards that enhanced teacher immediacy and social presence
Teachers can be at a distance, but students want immediacy and social presence.
Can the two coexist and should they?

Kolb’s Learning Style Model

Dunn and Dunn Model of Learning Style Preferences
Dunn, Griggs, Olson, Beasley & Gorman (1995) – Meta – Analytic Validation of the Dunn and Dunn Model of Learning Style Preferences:
Findings – matching students’ learning –style preferences with educational interventions compatible with those preferences is beneficial to their academic achievement.
Significantly higher standardized achievement scores resulted among previously failing students when they were taught with strategies that complemented their learning strategies

Learning Styles: An overview of theories, models, and measures (Cassidy 2004)
Learning Style Theorists
Witkin (1962) Field-dependence/independence
Kagan (1965) Impulsivity-reflexivity
Holzman and Klein (1954) Leveller-sharpener
Pask (1972) Holist-serialist
Pavio (1971) Verbaliser-visualiser
Gregorc (1982) Style delineator
Kauffmann (1979) Assimilator-explorer
Kirton (1994) Adaption-innovation
Allinson and Hayes (1996) Intuition-analysis
Kolb (1984) ELM
Honey and Mumford (1992) LSQ
Vermunt (1994) LSI
Learning Style Theorists
Kolb (1984) ELM
Honey and Mumford (1992) LSQ
Vermunt (1994) LSI
Entwistle & Tait (1995) Surface-deep
Biggs et al. (2001) SPQ
Schmeck et al. (1991) ILP
Hunt, Butler, Noy, and Rosser (1978) Conceptual level
Dunn, Dunn, and Price (1989) LSI
Reichmann and Grasha (1974) Styles of learning interaction model
Ramirez and Castenada (1974) Child rating form
Reinert (1976) ELSIE
Hill (1976) Cognitive Style Interest Inventory
Letteri (1980) Learner types

The Sum of Learning Styles
Dunn, Jeffery, Beaudry & Klavas (1989)
Everyone has a learning style – all have at least some preference- the results of many influences.
No learning style is either better or worse than another. Since each style has similar intelligence ranges, a student cannot be labeled or stigmatized by having any type of style. Most students can master the same content: how they master it is determined by individual styles.

Four Generations Working or Studying on Campuses Today
Traditionalists
Baby Boomers
Generation X
Millennials

Traditionalists
Born between 1900 and 1942
Account for 75 million
people in U.S.
Technology morphed exponentially
during their lifetime

Baby Boomers
Born between 1943 and 1960
Account for 80 million Americans
Technology development: adding machines, rotary phones, calculators, eight track tapes, automatic typewriters
Vietnam, Space race, Watergate

Generation X
Born Between 1961 and 1981
Latchkey kids
AIDS – child kidnappings
Gulf War
Cutting edge technology – video games, VCRs, cable TV, personal computers, microwave ovens, ATM machines, cell phones.

Millennials
Born after 1981
Began arriving on college campuses in 2000
The Tidal Wave
2010 projected to be the peak year for their entrance into college
The most racially and ethnically diverse generation in U. S. history
1 in 4 grew up in a single parent home
Cutting age technology – IPods/MP3s, camera phones, PDAs, digital cameras, personal DVD players, and virtual reality

Source: http://joshbersin.com/2007/10/01/a-new-organizational-learning-model-learning-on-demand
Learning Styles of the Multi-Generational Workforce

Learning Styles and EthnicityJacobs 1987
African Americans
Euro Americans
High achievers – preferred auditory learning
Average achievers were - teacher motivated
Low achievers – less persistent
High achievers – had strong preference for teacher motivation
Average achievers – had strong preference for auditory learning
Low achievers – had a strong preference for persistence
Male high achievers preferred less structure than female average and low achievers.
Male low achievers preferred authority figures present while learning than did females.

Ethnic Minority Students
Walden University – minority enrollment jumped from 600 in 2001 to 3,500 in 2005.
Greatest jump in graduate programs.
“ Everyone, to me at least, is judged on a fair basis…. When you are online, nobody is a minority.”

Learning Styles and Ethnicity Pew Internet and American Life Project
AA access the Internet via handheld devices more than whites, for whom an online connection is more likely to come from an ISP-connected computer.
The digital divide between AA and WA diminishes when mobile use is taken into account.

Chris Dede of Harvard Graduate School of Education (2004)
Portrayal of generational learning is over simplified
For almost all types of personal attributes, differences among individuals are greater than dissimilarities between groups.
The learning preference ascribed to millennials are increasingly true for many students across a variety of ages – driven by the tools and media used everyday.

Technology in Healthcare
As of February 2010, there were nearly 6,000 apps related to health and health care within the Apple App Store.
73% were intended for use by consumer or patient end-users, while 27% were targeted to health care professionals.
Provider apps include alerts, medical reference tools, diagnostic tools, continuing medical education, and patient records programs.
Consumer-oriented apps include those for medication compliance, mobile and home monitoring, home care, managing conditions, and wellness/fitness.

One of the few free iPhone apps, Epocrates Rx includes a drug guide, formulary information and drug interaction checker.
This product also includes continual free updates and medical news. Plus, this app resides on your device so you can look for information without wireless connections.

Glucose-Charter is a blood glucose, insulin and medication recording app for iPhone.
Patients can self-monitor, nurses can use it to check patients.

Nursing Central is the premier source of disease, drug, and test information for nurses. It also includes a leading dictionary and literature searching. Get quick answers wherever you need them—on your handheld device or via the web.

Information is shifting in a way that provides easy access to references and patient information to healthcare providers and opens doors for innovative ways of engaging patients.

What is an Instructional Designer?
In 2003, Williams, defined competencies one must possess to play an effective role as an instructional designer in distance education programs in higher education.
These skills were listed as:
Knowledge of instructional design for interactive technologies
Knowledge of Media Attributes
Knowledge of education theory
Skill with internet tools for instruction
Knowledge of teaching strategies and models
Web related programming skills
Knowledge of learning styles & theories

What is an Instructional Designer?
I can hammer a nail, but that doesn’t make me a carpenter.
It’s not about the tools. It’s about the expertise needed to use the tools in conjunction with each other in an effective, efficient, and professional manner.
Image Credit: Cayusa

Essential Qualities of Instructional Designers
Passion for teaching & learning
Passion for technology & innovation
Life long learner
Works well with diverse groups of people
Partner well with faculty to achieve goals & outcomes

Essential Qualities of Instructional Designers
Expertise in:
Learning Styles
Generational learning differences
Accessibility & Universal Design
Technical expertise in:
Current technologies for teaching & learning, such as web 2.0 tools
Audio & Video
Web technologies
Various types of software

Source: Robinson, K. (2008)
Technology in Education
Technology Revolution
21st century revolution is comparable to the Industrial Revolution in the 18th and 19th centuries. The distinction of today’s revolution of labor markets is the rate and the scale of change in technological developments.
Preparing learners for a future we may not be able to imagine
Moore’s Law - 2016

Web 2.0 Technologies
Tools that allow users to interact with each other as content contributors, in contrast to passive viewing of information that is provided to them.
Interactive
Collaborative
User-centered
Blogs
Wikis
Social Networking Sites
Video sharing sites (Youtube, Vimeo, etc.)
Social Bookmarking
Image Source: Luca Cremonini

Mobile Learning
Convenient
On-demand
Good for multitaskers
Audio Podcasts (mp3)
Video Vodcasts(mp4)
Mobile applications

Mobile Learning

Podcasting
Podcasting is a way to share information through MP3 audio files.
Podcasts are shared by their authors, downloaded by users and can be subscribed to using a RSS reader.
They can be played with MP3 players & many other mobile devices.
Podcasts allow learners to listen to lectures, articles or blog posts while sitting in a traffic jam, exercising, or other times that are convenient.

Podcasting
Microphone or headset
A digital audio recorder
Audio editing software (Audacity is free!)
RSS feed creator (Podcastgen)

Strategies for Linking Local Classroom with Global Community
Social Media
Social Networking
Synchronous Communication

Twitter
Twitter is an online “microblogging” tool that is much like sending texts.
Messages can be up to 140 characters and are broadcast through the service.
People can choose to follow your updates (aka "tweets")
you can follow others to see their tweets.
Twitter is now attracting 190 million visitors per month and generating 65 million Tweets a day.

Why Twitter? It sounds like a waste of time!
Do not tweet only about what you are doing. Tweet about what is holding your attention.
Expand your social network
Learn from experts & share your own expertise
Stay on top of the news & cutting edge trends
See the best information & resources on the web about topics of interest
Personal Development
Mentoring

To join go to www.twitter.com and sign up for a new account. It’s best to keep your username short.
Make sure to use a valid e-mail address so you can confirm your account.

Find people you would like to follow. www.mrtweet.com is a good place to find people by the subject matter they tweet about most often.

Look who the people you follow are following.

How to Tweet:

Twitter Lingo:
RT – re-tweets (re-sends) something that someone else has tweeted
@username – replys to someone. If you wanted to reply to me, you would type @itjil then your message.
D – direct message to a twitter user that is private

Use Tweetdeck – it’s free!

Use Tweetdeck – it’s free!
Enter search term
Click to search

Social Networking Sites
Facebook (Over 500 Nursing Groups)
LinkedIn (130 Nursing Groups)
Professional Communities
http://www.nurselinkup.com
http://nursinglink.monster.com/
http://www.medicalmingle.com/
http://www.nursescafe.com/
http://nursescience.ning.com/
http://www.nurseconnect.com/

Social Networking – Slideshare.net
Share presentations with the global community as well as view other people’s work.

Synchronous Communication
Learners and teachers experience synchronous
e-learning as more social and avoid frustration by
asking and answering questions in real time.
Chat
Video conferencing (Dim Dim is free)
Skype (you can record skype with these tools)

Conclusion
Technology is driving the new teaching/ pedagogy
Faculty have to develop capabilities in :
Co-Design
Co-Instruction
Guided Social Constructivism
Assessments Beyond Tests and Papers

Recommendations for Assuming Leadership in Use of Technology
Be judicious and hire an instructional designer
Consider use of Web 2.0 tools, Twitter, Podcasts
Reconsider the length of paper assignments
Don’t try to master all the technology at once

Recommendations
Invite students to introduce technology, be real and humble
Don’t close your eyes on the neo-millennial age
Mandate that all students have access to technology
Consider writing a grant for enhanced technology.

Questions/Comments/Sharing
Questions the presentation?
Comments about the presentation
What are you doing with technology and what do you propose to do? Do you have partners? What type of support is there for use of technology at your institution?
What technologies have you personally incorporated?

Sheila P. Davis, PhD, RN, FAAN Professor of Nursing
Email: Sheila.Davis@usm.edu
Twitter: http://twitter.com/spdavis777
Slideshare: http://www.slideshare.net/drspdavis
Online Journal of Health Ethics: http://www.ojhe.org

Jil WrightInstructional Designer
Email: Jillian.Wright@usm.edu
Blog: http://itjil.blogspot.com
Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/itjil
LinkedIn: http://www.linkedin.com/in/itjil
Slideshare: http://www.slideshare.net/itjil
Vimeo: http://www.vimeo.com/itjil/videos
Youtube: http://www.youtube.com/user/itjil
Website: http://www.jilwright.com

Instructional Designers have been referred to as industrial designers or instructional/educational technologists, curriculum developers, as well as learning specialists. In 1997, Ganzel stated that for some people, the title "instructional designer" does not say enough. Many instructional designers are also multimedia producers, webmasters, and developers of online learning and interactions. This means that different computer programming languages may be utilized to create tools for instruction and evaluation of instruction. Depending on the job at hand an instructional designer may wear many hats.
Website
A website to accompany this presentation may be accessed at:
https://sites.google.com/site/usmabnf2010/
The site contains more information and tutorials. More information will be added and this presentation will be made available there.

Special Thanks
Special Thanks for ABNF founding president – Dr. Sallie Tucker Allen for her visionary leadership and all conference organizers and attendees
The University of Southern Mississippi Administrators, Faculty and Staff
MY Staff – Sonia Adams, Demetra Bates, Laura Hudson and Jillian Wright
My family (Melvin, etc)
My Father who is the source of my life!

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Leaders in the Use of Technology in Nursing Education to Collaborate with the Global Community ABNF 2010

by Jil Wright on Jun 11, 2010

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Leaders in the Use of Technology in Nursing Education to Collaborate with the Global Community ABNF 2010 — Presentation Transcript