Session Governance - uganda rural water governance undp wgf (pp tminimizer)

Governance Prerequisites to Realising the Rural WASH MDGs Alastair Morrison UNDP Water Governance Facility at SIWI Kampala, 14th April 2010 Kampla

Millennium Development Goal 7 Target 7c
“ Halve the number of people without safe drinking water and sanitation”
Almost 1 billion people lack clean drinking water
2.5 billion people have no access to hygienic sanitation facilities; 1.2 billion lack any sanitation facilities at all.
By 2015, over 784 million people need access to clean water
Each and every year, 173 million more people will need sanitation.
(Sources: UNICEF press kit, UNDP Human Development Report 2006)
Water and Sanitation

But the world water crisis is rooted in poverty, power and inequality
Not physical availability
Better governance
is needed!
The problem:

Technical programmes
Centralised state control
Privatisation
Decentralisation
Community based management
but
Sustainability still a major challenge
Past approaches:

Range of stakeholders normally involved:
Central and local government
User groups
Communities and their leaders
Service providers
NGOs and CBOs
Private sector (spare parts suppliers, artisans)
Interlinked relationships – best governance?
Today:

Global programme identifying governance requisites to meet WASH MDGs:

Institutional prerequisites
agreed overall policy to addresses RWS, focussed on MDGs
national and local coverage targets set out
strategies and investment plans for RWS laid out and agreed
central and local government roles clearly defined
users’ role clearly defined to promote demand-responsive investments
operators and regulators independent
and balanced
Rural Water Supply (RWS)

Operational prerequisites
hand pumps promoted that can be managed and operated locally
supply chain for spare parts efficiently organised, even in remote areas
specific management model for small and medium towns

professional support available for communities or small operators (i.e. regarding O&M issues, strategic planning etc)
local contractors and operators
(incl. NGOs) with sufficient
capacity to reach the MDGs

Financial prerequisites
investment requirements to meet RWS MDGs assessed and agreed by stakeholders
financial flows in the sub-sector sufficient to reach the MDGs
cost-effective technical standards for small pipe systems
all O&M costs for RWS covered by the price of water charged
extension costs for RWS covered by price of water charged by RWS providers
financing mechanisms to encourage efficiency and improve targeting of investments in rural areas (e.g. local investment funds)

Institutional prerequisites
Overall agreed policy to address RSH
Formal collaboration between Ministries in charge of sanitation and related Ministries (e.g. Health, Education)
Rural sanitation a priority in the PRSP
Institution to lead/coordinate
the rural sanitation sector
Rural Sanitation and Hygiene(RSH)

range of appropriate on-site sanitation facilities in use
supply chain of manufacturers and artisans (with trained technicians)
capacity to deliver sanitation and hygiene programs at levels required to meet MDGs
specific tools adapted for use to promote S&H in rural areas and small towns

Financial prerequisites
investment requirements to meet RWS MDGs assessed and agreed by major stakeholders
financial flows in the sub-sector sufficient to reach MDGs
on-site sanitation facilities that are promoted through national programs affordable to poor households
specific government budget allocations to RSH linked to and commensurate with the MDG/PRSP target outcomes

Sector Coordination and Dialogue
functioning coordination framework between Government and donors
harmonised donor approaches and procedures
civil society organisations in decision making at national level
regular joint donor/government sector reviews
Overall sector sustainability

Information, Monitoring and Evaluation
clear agreement on definitions for WSS targets
(national and provincial levels)
regular data collection mechanism to assess WSS coverage
(household surveys, with disaggregated data - eg on gender)
poverty benefits from WSS interventions understood
(esp by Planning / Finance ministries – SWA meeting next week)
monitoring of inputs vs outputs
(finance – allocation and utilisation)
specific unit within the WSS Ministry responsible for M&E

Transparency
transparency ensured in the sector, especially at the local/district level, for water supply
(e.g. publicly available documentation, open process for public comments, corruption being addressed)

Particular challenges
Range of non-state actors
Insecurity
Access
Oversight
Nevertheless
progress
essential for global
MDG targets
Fragile States

Water Supply Progress

Sanitation Progress

Elements for Success:
Wide range of governance issues
as strong as its weakest link?
Water governance links to wider governance
State building
Transparency
Gender and equity
National Budget planning
MDG progress reporting
Advocate outside our own sector
Promote the benefits of WASH to other sectors
Financial benefits of our work
Sanitation and Water for All – Global Framework for Action

Access to Water Supply & Sanitation matters ! Human Development is more closely linked to WatSan than any other variable, including health, education, gender equality and access to modern energy services “ The successful tackling of the WSS crises could trigger the next leap forward in human development” UNDP Human Development Report 2006

Thank you!

Session Governance - uganda rural water governance undp wgf (pp tminimizer)

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