KEYNOTE - Moriarty Kampala Uganda symposium

Kampala, Uganda, 13 to 15 April 2010International Symposium on Sustainable Rural Water ServicesWhat’s in a service? Using water service ladders in life-cycle cost analysis
Dr. Patrick Moriarty
IRC, Ghana

Description of programme
A five year action research programme.
Working in Burkina Faso, Ghana, Mozambique and India (Andhra Pradesh).
Researching the FULL Life-Cycle Costs (LCC) of providing Rural and Peri-Urban (Domestic) Water and Sanitation Services, and ….
Identifying ways in which this information can be used to improve service delivery

Disaggregated Life Cycle Costs
Life Cycle Costs Components
Capital expenditure (CapEx): hardware and software
Operational and minor maintenance expenditure (OpEx)
Capital maintenance expenditure (CapManEx)– rehabilitation, replacement
Direct support costs – post construction activities, household expenditures
Indirect support cost – macro level planning and policy formulation
Costs of capital – costs of loans

What is a domestic water service?
A water service is the water provided to people… typically defined in terms of:
quantity and quality; accessibility and reliability
Service ≠ Technology
though there are strong links between the two:
Hand-pumps normally represent one level of service;
Taps in houses another.

Service levels and ladders
A service level is a group of indicators that together establish a normative benchmark for service delivery.
(e.g. 20l/p/d of WHO quality water within 500m of the dwelling and shared by no more than 300 people)
A service ladder is a series of service levels grouped to convey the impression (or intention) of progress from one level to the next.
Establishing service levels is a political process.

Water service levels

Existing JMP ladder
Piped water on premises: Piped household water connection located inside the user's dwelling,
Piped
Other improved drinking water sources: Public taps or standpipes, tube wells or boreholes, protected dug wells, protected springs or rainwater collection.
Improved
Unimproved drinking water sources: Unprotected dug well, unprotected spring, cart with small tank/drum, surface water (river, dam, lake, pond, stream, canal, irrigation channels), and bottled water.
Unimproved

The WASHCost Water Service Ladder
High service: people access a minimum of 60l/c/d of high quality water on demand
High
Intermediate service: people access a minimum of 40l/c/d of acceptable quality water from an improved source spending no more that 30 minutes per day
Intermediate
Basic service: people access a minimum of 20l/c/d of acceptable quality water from an improved source spending no more that 30 minutes per day
Basic
Sub-standard service: people access a service that is an improvement on having no service at all, but fails to meet the basic standard on one or more criteria
Sub-standard
No service
No service: people access water from insecure or unimproved sources, or sources that are too distant, time consuming or are of poor quality

WASHCost proposed indicators

Service levels in WASHCost countries

Example from Ghana
Coverage:
Access (population): Yes
Access (distance): No
Reliability: No??? (none working when visited)
Quantity: No/Yes??
(average wet/dry – domestic/non-domestic)

Conclusions and next steps
To compare the costs of services it is first necessary to agree on a definition of the service.
A generic service ladder has been developed based on examples of norms used in the WASHCost countries and linked to the JMP ladder.
The usefulness of the service ladder will be further tested by WASHCost.

For more information:
www.washcost.info
Working paper no.2
Thank You

KEYNOTE - Moriarty Kampala Uganda symposium

by IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre on Apr 28, 2010

Accessibility

Upload Details

Usage Rights

2 Embeds 14

Statistics

KEYNOTE - Moriarty Kampala Uganda symposium — Presentation Transcript

http://www.scalingup.watsan.net	9
http://www.slideshare.net	5