Network Essentials

NETWORK ESSENTIALS

Introduction to Networks
Networking Benefits
Roles of Computers in a Network
Types of Networks

Networking Benefits Networking Enables: Information Sharing Hardware and Software Sharing Centralized Administration and Support

Roles of Computers in a Network File and Print Server Database Server Mail Server Fax Server Mail Server Database Server Database Fax Server File and Print Server Directory Services Server Client Computer Mail Server Database Server Database Fax Server File and Print Server

Types of Networks Peer-to-Peer Client-Server

Examining the Network

Overview
Scope of Networks
Basic Connectivity Components
Network Topologies
Network Technologies
Expanding the Network

Scope of Networks Local Area Network Wide Area Network

Basic Connectivity Components
Network Adapters
Network Cables
Wireless Communication Devices

Network Adapters
Receive data and convert it into electrical signals
Receive electrical signals and convert them into data
Determine if the data received is for a particular computer
Control the flow of data through the cable

Network Cables Types of Cables Coaxial ThinNet ThickNet 10Base2, 10Base5 Fiber-Optic Twisted-Pair Unshielded (UTP) Shielded (STP) 10BaseT

Wireless Communication Devices Wireless Communication Devices Narrowband Radio Transmission Infrared Transmission

Network Topologies
Bus Topology
Star Topology
Ring Topology
Mesh Topology
Hybrid Topologies

Bus Topology Terminator Segment Terminator

Star Topology Hub

Ring Topology

Mesh Topology

Hybrid Topologies Star-Bus Bus Star-Ring

Network Technologies
Ethernet
Token Ring
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)
Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI)

Ethernet Collision Detection Carrier Sense Multiple Access Detects signal Transmits signal Collision detected Characteristics Description Access Method CSMA/CD Transfer Speed Standard Ethernet – 10 Mbps Fast Ethernet – 100 Mbps Gigabit Ethernet – 1 Gbps (1000 Mbps)

Token Ring Characteristics Description Access Method Token passing Transfer Speed 4 to 16 Mbps for all cable types Physical Ring Logical Ring MSAU

Fiber Distributed Data Interface Characteristics Description Access Method Token passing Transfer Speed Fiber-optic at 155 Mbps to 622 Mbps Primary Ring Secondary Ring

Expanding the Network
Repeaters and Hubs
Bridges
Switches
Routers
Gateways
Remote Access Connectivity Types
Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN)
Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)
X.25
Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL)

Repeaters and Hubs Repeater Hub Repeater Transmits data to all connected computers Hub Transmits data to all connected computers in a star topology

Bridges Bridge

Switches Switch

Routers Router Router Router Router

Gateways Gateway Ethernet Token Ring

Positioning Ethernet in the Campus Access Layer Distribution Layer Core Layer Ethernet 10BaseT Position Fast Ethernet Position Access Layer Distribution Layer Core Layer Provides connectivty between the end user device and the access switch. Not typically used at this layer. Gives high-performance PC and workstations 100-Mbps access to the server. Provides connectivity between access and distribution layers. Provides connectivity from the distribution to core layer. Provides connectivity from the server block to the core layer. Provides inter-switch connectivity. Not typically used at this layer.

Comparing Ethernet Media Requirements 10Base5 100BaseTX 10BaseT 100BaseFX Media Maximum Segment Length Topology Connector 50-ohm coax (thick) 500 meters Bus 100 meters Star Star Point-to-Point EIA/TIA Cat 3, 4, 5 UTP 2 pair EIA/TIA Cat 5 UTP 2 pair 62.5/125 micron multi-mode fiber AUI ISO 8877 (RJ-45) Duplex media- interface connector (MIC) ST ISO 8877 (RJ-45) 400 meters 100 meters

Differentiating between Connections AUI connectors are DB15 ISO 8877 (RJ-45) connectors and jacks are slightly larger than RJ-11 phone connectors and jacks Fiber Connector Port

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Network Essentials

by CENTER OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION

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