solar energy by intergen energy ltd.

Intergen Energy Ltd.
About IEL
Intergen Energy Limited ('IEL') is an Indian publicly limited engineering company incorporated
on 13.08.2011 under the Companies Act 1956 (No. 1 of 1956).
The company is active within the fields of water and Sewage Treatment, Infrastructure and
Renewable Energy, and designs, develops and implements projects both on EPC and BOO/T
bases. Intergen operates within Asia, Africa and the Middle East.
IEL has completed a number of government and non government assignment including the
engineering of several water and sewage treatment plants and large rural and urban water
supply schemes including solar powered water treatment plants across a number of locations
and states. IEL is also doing a number of EPC projects with regards to construction of roads and
other infrastructure projects.
IEL endeavours to provide state-of-the-art technology whilst employing a flexible approach
which ensures that indirect costs are kept low, and in turn that profitability is maximised. IEL
works on a strict delivery procedures so as to ensure timely completions and a large turnaround
of projects.
Intergen holds ISO 9001:2008 and ISO 14001:2004 certifications, and is an approved MNRE
(Ministry of New and Renewable Energy) channel partner and accredited system integrator.
Headquartered in Delhi, India, Intergen's key underlying principle is to undertake work which
has a beneficial impact both on people's lives and on the environment as a whole. It does this
through the execution of projects and the acquisition of businesses which fit in to this mould.
The company started with an initial focus in the water and sewage treatment space, in which it
sources, conceives, develops and executes EPC contracts, Government tenders and BOO
projects. The company has a particularly strong presence in the North East of India, where it
has set itself apart thanks to its ability to work on some of the most challenging terrains and
landscapes which India has to offer. The quality of execution which Intergen has demonstrated
has been noted by both Government bodies and private companies alike.

As its reputation grew, the company was solicited for work outside of India, and seeing a very
similar requirement to that in India, formed a joint venture partnership with Stallion Group, a
leading West African business conglomerate, to develop solar-powered water treatment
systems in Nigeria. As it established itself within Nigeria, Intergen was approached to become
part of the Eko Atlantic City project, Nigeria's largest ever land reclamation project which when
complete will house 400,000 residents and 250,000 business people. Intergen was approached
to provide the project with water and sewage treatment systems, and solar street lighting also.
The company is currently assessing potential similar opportunities for water treatment
solutions elsewhere in Africa and in the Middle East also.
Intergen boasts a strong core in-house team, each member of which has years of industry-
leading experience and has been cherry picked to undertake a specific role within the business.
This integrated team has specific niche skills added to it on a project-by-project basis as
required. This approach ensures optimal execution in terms of both quality and cost.
Commensurate with the aim of undertaking ecologically advantageous work, over the past
year, Intergen has acquired stakes and been involved with a number of small start ups that they
believe provide sort of work that is commensurate with the companies remit.
KK Plastic Waste Management Limited (�KKP�)
KKP is a Bangalore-based recycler of plastics for use in the construction of roads. The Company
has devised an end-to-end process through which it collects plastic waste, sorts this waste and
turns it in to flakes. This resulting flake polymer is called "KK Poly Blend". The KK Poly Blend is
then mixed with the bitumen and asphalt used in the construction of roads. The constructed
roads are more flexible, more durable, cheaper and last longer than conventional roads. The
Company has patented this technology, and to date is the only company to have successfully
commercially implemented such a process, having built over 1,400km of plastic-based roads in
Bangalore to date.
The issue of waste plastics is currently one of the biggest threats to both the Indian and the
global environments, and as well as mitigating this problem and creating better roads, KKP
creates significant employment opportunities for local rag pickers who for the first time are
financially incentivised to collect plastic waste. The collection of one tonne of plastic waste
generates 100 member employment per day and the company currently operates multiple
plastic recycling plants in Bangalore which can process up to 30 metric tonnes of plastics per
day.
JRC Brickworks Limited (�JRC�)
JRC is a Delhi-based manufacturer of fly ash bricks. Fly ash is a waste product which is produced
as a by-product within coal-fired thermal power stations. Fly ash is harmful to the environment
and in most cases is simply dumped in to landfills. JRC has created a process which helps to
minimise this negative impact on the environment by providing an alternative use for fly ash; its

use as the major component in the production of bricks for the construction industry. As
compared to conventional red clay bricks, fly ash bricks are cheaper, stronger, lighter and more
resistant to water and salinity.
A standard 100 MW thermal power plant generates about 0.15m tonnes of fly ash per annum,
and the Indian Government has recognised the acute environmental problem that fly ash is
causing, and has banned the manufacture of red clay bricks within an 100km radius of all coal
plants.
AquaPlus Technologies (�Aqua�)
Founded in 2009, Aqua is a manufacturer and fabricator of Water Treatment Systems and
Sewage Treatment Systems. The company boasts strong relationships with central and state
Government departments across India, a highly experienced technical team, long standing
relationships with suppliers, and a reputation for products and maintenance service of the
highest quality.
Against the backdrop of a growing market and growing demand for its products, the company
has exhibited strong year on year growth, yet lacked the financial firepower to be able to
tender for and win the largest projects available. Post acquisition Intergen has provided Aqua
with this financial firepower, and also with further water treatment and sewage treatment
orders.
Going forwards, Intergen will continue in earnest to pursue its goal of becoming a globally
recognised first class infrastructure player with a prime focus on environmentally advantageous
work. In terms of geography, Intergen will build on its current base of operations within India
and Africa, and will also seek to enter further markets worldwide with an initial focus on S.
America. As Intergen grows across verticals and geographies, its primary aim will be to maintain
the high levels of quality and execution with which it has become synonymous, and to ensure
the successful and timely execution of all its projects.
Offices
INDIA : No.518, Tower B, 5th Floor,

Spaze Edge Towers, Sector 47,
Sohna Road, Gurgaon � 122 002.
Website : www.igenergy.in
Business Segment
Reverse Osmosis
Reverse osmosis (RO) is a membrane technical filtration method that removes many types of large
molecules and ions from solutions by applying pressure to the solution when it is on one side of a
selective membrane. The result is that the solute is retained on the pressurized side of the membrane
and the pure solvent is allowed to pass to the other side. To be "selective," this membrane should not
allow large molecules or ions through the pores (holes), but should allow smaller components of the
solution (such as the solvent) to pass freely.
RO process for water purification does not require thermal energy. Flow through RO system can be
regulated by high pressure pump. The recovery of purified water depends upon various factors including

membrane sizes, membrane pore size, and temperature, operating pressure and membrane surface
area.
Waste Water and Sewage Treatment
Most wastewater is treated in industrial-scale wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) which may include
physical, chemical and biological treatment processes. The most important aerobic treatment system is
the activated sludge process, based on the maintenance and recirculation of a complex biomass
composed by micro-organisms able to absorb and adsorb the organic matter carried in the wastewater.
Anaerobic processes are widely applied in the treatment of industrial wastewaters and biological sludge.
Some wastewater may be highly treated and reused as reclaimed water. For some waste waters
ecological approaches using reed bed systems such as constructed wetlands may be appropriate.
Modern systems include tertiary treatment by micro filtration or synthetic membranes. After membrane
filtration, the treated wastewater is indistinguishable from waters of natural origin of drinking quality.
Nitrates can be removed from wastewater by microbial de-nitrification, for which a small amount of
catalyst is typically added to provide the bacteria with a source of carbon. Ozone Waste Water
Treatment is also growing in popularity, and requires the use of an ozone generator, which
decontaminates the water as Ozone bubbles percolate through the tank.
Bio-Mass
Biomass can be routed through following different processes for energy conversion:

Direct Combustion
Thermal decomposition of organic matter is carried out in the presence of excess air, liberating heat and
leaving behind incombustible ash.
Fuel + Air ? Heat + Ash + Inert Gases
In the combustion mode, the Biomass and air are combined under efficient and controllable conditions
to provide energy for utilization. The direct combustion of Biomass can be done in two ways:
• Fixed Bed Combustion
The combustion of Biomass is usually carried out in fixed bed combustors. The main drawback of fixed
bed combustion is a low combustion efficiency of 70%. It is associated with problems of ash removal and
inability to use effectively high moisture content Biomass. Further, fixed combustion involves high
inventory of fuel over the grate resulting in time consuming start-up and shut down procedures.
• Fluidised bed combustion
In a fluidized bed system, a bed of fine particles is fluidized by a gas stream passing upwards through it
at a controlled velocity. The bed is continuously subjected to high rate of mixing and agitation resulting
in high heat and mass transfer rates. Fluidised bed combustion is best suited for burning fuels like rice
husk etc.
The advantages of fluid bed combustion over fixed bed combustion are high combustion efficiency
(95%), multi-fuel combustion facility, and consistent rate of combustion and ability to burn low grade
and high moisture content fuels.
Gasification
Gasification is the thermo-chemical process of obtaining energy from solid matter in a gaseous form. In
principle, the process is a thermal decomposition of organic matter in the presence of limited supply of
air or oxygen to produce combustible gases thus converting calorific value of organic material into a
gaseous energy carrier. The amount of electricity that can be produced from Biomass power systems
can be increased by 50% by replacing steam based generation units with Biomass gasifiers close-coupled
to gas turbines.
Pyrolysis
In contrast to complete combustion of solid carbonaceous material, the process of pyrolysis refers to
combustion in a deficient supply of air / oxygen. The process gives out carbon-mono-oxide and
methane, which are condensed to form tar and aqueous liquor. The latter is then distilled to give
methanol and other organic substances. This process produces three useful fuels - charcoal, oil and gas.

About 70% of the energy in Biomass can be converted to higher forms of energy - charcoal or oil, which
are storable and transportable.
Small Hydro Power
Small Hydropower is a renewable, non-polluting and environmental friendly source of energy. It is
perhaps the oldest renewable energy technique known to the mankind for mechanical energy
conversion as well as electricity generation.
Hydropower represents use of water resources towards low cost energy generation with mature
technology characterized by high efficiency and operational flexibility.
Hydroelectric power is the generation of electric power from the movement of water. A hydroelectric
facility requires a dependable flow of water and a reasonable height of fall of water, called the head. In a
typical installation, water is fed from a reservoir through a channel or pipe into a turbine. The pressure
of the flowing water on the turbine blades causes the shaft to rotate. The rotating shaft is connected to
an electrical generator which converts the motion of the shaft into electrical energy.
Solar Energy

Energy from the sun not only sustains life an earth but is also the source of almost all forms of energy
used by man. Solar energy, experienced by us as heat and light, can be used in a number of ways and for
many applications such as:
Thermal route - using the heat for heating, cooling, drying, water purification and power generation.
Photovoltaic route - converting the light energy into electric energy which can then be used for a variety
of purposes such as lighting, pumping, communications and refrigeration etc.
Producing electricity from solar resource through:
- Concentrating solar thermal
- Solar photovoltaic
Concentrating solar thermal route uses the heat component of solar energy. Heat is used directly or
through an intermediate fluid to generate steam which is expands in steam turbine to produce
electricity.
Solar cells convert solar radiation (sunlight) directly into electricity by photoelectric/photovoltaic effect.
Incident photons (light ray) strike on the photovoltaic cell, and knock off electrons. These free electrons
start flowing through a circuit forming an electrical current.
Photovoltaic module contains a group of photovoltaic cells, connected mostly in series and encapsulated
between a layer of front glass, EVA and back cover. The high transmissivity, toughened glass cover is
used to ensure high light absorption and therefore enhance the performance of the cells. Solar radiation
falls directly upon the photovoltaic cell and produce DC electricity.
Photovoltaic cells absorb both direct and diffuse solar radiation. Generally, flat plate photovoltaic
modules/panels are mounted in a fixed position and tilted towards south (locations in northern
hemisphere) to optimize energy production. However, flat plate PV panels with tracking mechanism
(one/two axis) increase output of solar panels, particularly for high DNI.
The amount of power that a PV panel delivers is proportional to the amount of radiation that falls upon
it. The advantages of PV system as compared to solar thermal are as follows:
- It is modular in nature so that any size of system could be installed.
- It is suitable for relatively colder climates
- It is nearly maintenance free
- Less water requirement
- It does not make any noise
The various types of solar cells used for electricity generation are as follows:
Crystalline
The most common commercial crystalline solar cells are made up from silicon wafers. These account for
about 85%[ ] of the world’s solar PV industry. Silicon wafers either consists of one large singe crystal,

called single crystalline wafers, or consist of crystallites in a single wafer, are known as polycrystalline
(multi-crystalline) silicon wafers. The main advantages of cells produced from mono-crystalline (mono-
Si) and polycrystalline (poly-Si) silicon wafers are: suit relatively small areas and have higher efficiency.
The efficiency achieved by a crystalline solar cell depends on the processing technology used to make
the solar cell. The most commonly used technology to make wafer-based silicon solar cells is screen-
printed technology.
Thin Film
Thin film solar cells are made up from a variety of materials, with the key features being that the
thickness of the cells is a few microns. Thin film solar cells are made from amorphous silicon (a-Si),
cadmium telluride (CdTe) and copper indium di-selenide (CIS). Thin film technology is comparatively
cheaper, but produces less output per unit area due to its lower efficiency, so it requires large area per
unit output.
The main advantages of cells produced from thin films are low cost of production and they can be made
with requisite shape as per the requirement. But, unfortunately there are limitations of utility
properties. However, it is possible to improve the utility properties of amorphous cells by means of
changing the cross section of the window layer to improve sun light collection efficiency.
Other
There are some other PV materials for solar cells like string ribbon silicon wafers (ribbon-hetero-junction
with intrinsic thin layer hybrid silicon solar cell (HIT) and concentrator photovoltaic solar cell etc.
Waste to Energy
Wastes generated from various sources can be converted to energy through different technologies such
as Anaerobic digestion / Biomethanation, Combustion / Incineration, Pyrolysis / Gasification, Landfill Gas
recovery, Plasma arc. The organic fraction of the waste need to be segregated and fed into required
process. The option of technologies is detailed in Biomass segment.
Wind Energy

Wind Energy is the kinetic energy associated with the movement of atmospheric air. Wind Energy
Systems convert this kinetic energy to more useful forms of power. Wind turbine transforms the energy
in the wind into mechanical power, further converting to electric power to generate electricity. Wind
turbine can be used singly or in clusters called 'Wind Farms'. Small wind turbines called aero-generators
can be used for water pumping, battery charging etc.
Green building concepts:
Green Building, an energy efficient sustainable building is designed in an ecological and resource
efficient manner with an objective of healthy environment, improves productivity and using energy and
other resources efficiently. It mainly focussed on Integration of Renewable Energy Technologies in
particular Solar Energy, Building material & Energy Conservation. It emphasis an effective utilisation of
Energy and analysis of option of alternate energy with an overall reduction of energy consumption.

Services
In addition to EPC-LSTK / EPCM, PMC and Reimbursable Services projects, we are also in a position to
undertake specialised value-added services for your chemical projects covering various phases of the
project cycle. In line with our project implementation philosophy, we assign trained specialists – be it for
a Detailed Feasibility Report of an upcoming project, an Asset Evaluation assignment for a planned
business acquisition, an Inspection / Expediting assignment for critical equipment at the Vendor’s shop
floor, Supervision of Construction / Commissioning activity at your site or Project Management
Consultancy services for your valuable project.
Pre Project
Feasibility studies

Intergen has varied and vast experience in order to ensure that IGL can assist all of its clients in
expansion and diversification of their activities. The various services offered to the clients range from
but are not limited to carrying out feasibility studies, providing detailed feasibility reports and differing
reports depending on the clients needs. It also includes technology evaluation, market assessment, risk
analysis, economic and financial analysis. Intergen uses well established and proven software used for
the studies depending on requirements in specific. It also provides an objective assessment / rating
against each criteria, which is used to evaluate during the Bid – No Bid decision-making process.
Detailed Project Report (DPR)
DPR is prepared by a scientific approach considering the vital parameters such as the company’s
objective, the features of the project, assessing the resources and findings, selecting the project site
along with infrastructure facilities. It also includes the process & plant layout, description of power
evacuation systems, the operation & maintenance requirements DPR also considers the other most
important factors like preliminary environment impact assessment, socio economic analysis, project cost
estimation etc.
Energy Yield analysis

For any given project, maximum possible energy generation is estimated by choosing feasible site, major
plant & equipments. It also emphasise on the contribution of balance of plants in energy generation. IGL
ensure that the studies it carries out maximises output for its clients thus allowing them to maximize
yield and profitability.
Financial and Economic analysis
It is an important decision making tool for the project. It is carried out with a view to have realistic
picture / figures considering various parameters like green house emissions, financial market, and
regulatory frameworks. It gives an insight to the management for taking effective decision at right time.
Cost Engineering

Intergen cost engineering services help the project management team in exercising cost control
measures vis-a-vis project execution budget. A periodic cost projection is made to assist the project
manager in taking timely decisions and actions.
Project Implementations
The project implementation includes all the activities leading to the execution of the project. The
activities include Design, Engineering, procurement, and managing the construction at site. The
collective efforts of various agencies such as vendors, licensors, clients, contractors & Sub contractors
are synchronized together with various departments of Intergen for the effective implementation of the
project. It ensures the completion of the project on schedule and within the budgeted cost.
Turnkey contracts

Intergen provides a complete range of project services needed to conceptualize, plan, design, engineer
and construct projects to meet the specific requirements on LSTK basis.
Project Management
Process Design & Engineering

Intergen utilizes the technical expertise for selection of right technologies
according to the applications in Water & Renewable Energy Sector. The expertise
in process design has resulted in offering basic engineering based on its own
know-how, licensed know-how & catalyst information. Intergen uses established
commercial software packages for design of processes in power plants. The
system is designed considering all critical elements of decision making – client
assessment, risk assessment, ability to execute, estimated margin, resource
availability and proposal cost etc.
Detailed Engineering
The process design is converted into detail engineering drawings and documents
by the specialists in various fields in Water & Renewable Energy sector. Several
techniques are extensively used as design aids to help in developing optimum
layout and design to ensure maximum construction, operational and maintenance
convenience. It emphasizes more on convenience of construction, operation and
maintenance. The detailed bill of materials along with drawings is made with
maximum accuracy.

Procurements
Intergen has an expertise for effective global procurement services including
contracts & purchase, inspection, expediting & transportation with effective
monitoring and expediting. The database is maintained for all the capable
vendors, contractors and other agencies which have in turn resulted in purchasing
of low cost goods and services on time to meet the requirements of the project.
Construction Management
Intergen ensures proper management of the construction at site which includes
the selection of capable construction contractors, warehouse management, and
quality control assurance, monitoring and scheduling the work in progress. It also
takes the complete responsibility of the site from the survey, investigation to
mechanical completion and also extends assistance in commissioning. Use of
modern construction techniques, innovation procedures, emphasis on the quality
and safety has led to the reduction in the construction time of projects yet
delivering the highest quality work.
Commissioning

Process & Engineering design documents are reviewed, audited with respect to
operability and safety. There is a set of operating manuals for the plants providing
instructions and guidelines for safety start-up, shutdown and handling various
emergencies. It provides guidelines and supervises pre-commissioning and
commissioning activities at site. Assistance is provided in conducting performance
guarantee test runs and technical guidance for troubleshooting.
Specialize Services
Risk Management and Sensitivity analysis
Intergen uses its vast experience of the team to analyses the various risks such as
technology, supply, completion, operation, regulatory, off-take, price, marketing,
sector, industry, working capital etc. involved in the project and method of
mitigating those risks. It precisely emphasis the nature of sensitivity and its impact
on the project with pre-cautionary measures required.
Yield / Energy Optimization studies

Intergen does detailed yield / energy optimisation studies using various
commercial software and experience gained in the sector. It explores the
possibility of integrating various new and renewable energy sources with the
existing system for better utilisation of energy.

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