Emerging trends (internal presentation)

Emerging trends Enterprise 2.0, Open Innovation, Mobility, Crowdsourcing, Social Network, ...

Enterprise 2.0: a deﬁnition

enterprise noun 1 a project or undertaking, typically one that is difﬁcult or requires effort : a joint enterprise between French and Japanese companies. • initiative and resourcefulness : success came quickly, thanks to a mixture of talent, enterprise, and luck. 2 a business or company : a state-owned enterprise. • entrepreneurial economic activity.

ni e nt ne ge zio io he uz ic ol og er ra em bo anizzazione Ev ol lla Org cn Co te Enterprise 2.0 Infrastruttura Persona k or Relazioni tw ty ili ne ob al ci M So

Collaboration: the achievement of results impossible to accomplish independently

Enabling Collaboration Technology The Net The Open Networked With all Enterprise stakeholders Inter-enterprise Computing The Business-Web Among ﬁrms Enterprise Architecture The Integrated Enterprise Across silos P2P Collaboration Tool The High Performance Team Among employees X-Internet Ambient Intelligence Between things

“Enterprise 2.0 is the use of emergent social software platforms within companies, or between companies and their partners or customers.“ McAfee (2007)

Social software enables people to rendezvous, connect or collaborate through computer-mediated communication and to form online communities “Enterprise 2.0 is the use of emergent social software platforms within companies, or between companies and their partners or customers.“

Emergent means that the software is freeform, and that it contains mechanisms to let the patterns and structure inherent in people's interactions become visible over time “Enterprise 2.0 is the use of emergent social software platforms within companies, or between companies and their partners or customers.“

1.0 2.0 Hierarchy Network Command Alignment Experience Insight Competition Cooperation Discipline Initiative Functional Cross-functional National Cross-border Task Orientation Result Orientation

The economy of collaboration Transaction Organizational Costs structure (size) IT leads to smaller ﬁrms Information Transaction Technology Costs Coase (1937), Arrow (1973), Galbraith (1977), Brynjolfsson (1994)

Wikinomics is a term that describes the effects of extensive collaboration and user-participation on the marketplace and corporate world Openness Peering Sharing Acting globally

The use of mass collaboration in a business environment can be seen as an extension of the trend in business to outsource It relies on free individual agents to come together and cooperate to improve a given operation or solve a problem (i.e. crowdsourcing)

Wikinomics enable outsourcing at the individual level

“The central idea of Open Innovation is that when companies look outside their own boundaries, they can gain better access to ideas, knowledge, and technology than they would have if they relied solely on their own resources.” Brown, Hagel (2006)

Choose the right approach to coordination (practice vs process) Balance local innovation with “global” integration Open Innovation Design effective action points Establish performance feedback loops

Outsourcing...innovation?? Business Week (2005)

User generated content (UGC) refers to various kinds of media content that are produced by end-users

Cambrian House: user generated Business

Humans suffer from information overload: there’s much more information on any given subject than a person is able to access As a result, people are forced to depend upon each other for knowledge

Know-who rather than know-what, know-how or know-why information has become most crucial It involves knowing who has the needed information and being able to reach that person

Strong ties involve time, emotional intensity, intimacy and reciprocation People connected by strong ties tend to form clusters that exhibit high levels of redundancy

absent strong tie weak tie tie Weak ties are acquaintances who are not part of your closest social circle, and as such have the power to act as a bridge between your social cluster and someone else's

“Within a social network, weak ties are more powerful than strong ties. They are indispensable to individuals’ opportunities and to their incorporation into communities while strong ties breed local cohesion. “ Granovetter (1973)

1.0 2.0 Hierarchy Network Command Alignment Experience Insight Competition Cooperation Discipline Initiative Functional Cross-functional National Cross-border

Mobility

Mobile Workspace Accesso tramite dispositivi mobile a nota spese, Socializzazione, straordinari, vettura Comunicazioni aziendale, ecc istituzionali 6% 22% 45% SERVIZI COMUNICAZIONE E AZIENDALI SOCIALIZZAZIONE 16% 55% 29% OPERATIVITÀ CONOSCENZA E COLLABORAZIONE Sì Pianiﬁcato nel 2007 24% 57% No SFA, FFA, accesso Mail, Rubrica Campione: 110 casi ai documenti Agenda, ecc … Possibili risposte multiple

The effect of mobility Value creation Business model Workspace Process Data access procedure Organizational change

Mobile 2.0 is not \"the future.\" It is services that already exist all around us that blend Web 2.0 with the mobile platform: they leverage mobility but are as easy to use and ubiquitous as the Web is today.

Collective intelligence is any intelligence that arises from - or is a capacity or characteristic of - groups and other collective living systems

Collective Intelligence is about ﬁnding the best answer a group can give to a problem based on identifying the member in the group who should know best

The Wisdom of Crowds is about applying the intelligence of a group to a certain kind of problem where majority rule or averaging is appropriate

Collective Intelligence Wisdom of Crowds Exclusive Averaging ≈ ≈ finding and picking the best taking into account multiple intelligence in the group for inputs in your calculation to a specific question attempt to find the best answer

Prediction markets are speculative markets created for the purpose of making predictions. Assets are created whose ﬁnal cash value is tied to a particular event or parameter. Market prices can be interpreted as predictions of the probability of the event or the expected value of the parameter.

Hewlett-Packard pioneered applications in sales forecasting and now uses prediction markets in several business units Corning, Eli Lilly, Pﬁzer, Siemens and other global companies are listed NewsFutures customers Intel mentioned in HBR in relation to managing manufacturing capacity Microsoft is piloting prediction markets internally Google has conﬁrmed that it uses a predictive market internally GE uses prediction market software to generate new business ideas

The Long Tail is the realization that the sum of many small markets is worth as much, if not more, than a few large markets Head Tail

How long is the Long Tail? Books sales in the U.S. in 2004 as graph on a soccer ﬁeld (100x60 meters)

Emerging trends (internal presentation)

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