Typology Approach in Groundwater - ACWADAM

THE “TYPOLOGY” APPROACH IN UNDERSTANDING GROUNDWATER Advanced Center for Water Resources Development and Management (ACWADAM) Plot 4, Lenyadri society, Sus road, Pashan, Pune-411021. 020-25871539 Email: acwadam@vsnl.net Website: www.acwadam.org

Groundwater: work (always!) in progress…

SA groundwater typology: rise and fall of groundwater socio-ecologies (T. Shah, 2009)

Basalt aquifer: water level depletion After Kulkarni (1987) and Macdonald, Kulkarni & others (1995)

Eco-zones – evolving typology of a watershed in moments of transition (after M. Shah et al, 1998)

Aquifer typology – groundwater in Deccan basalt rocks of west-central India (after Kulkarni et al, 2000)

Basalt: hydrogeological typology

Confined and unconfined aquifers

Water level typology: shallow & deep basalt aquifers AGRAR, 2006

Pie diagram for BW3 Legend Na Ca Water quality Na Cl HCO3 Ca SO4 SO4 Cl HCO3 Shallow unconfined aquifer Pie diagram for BW1 Legend AGRAR, 2006 Na Ca Cl Na SO4 CO3 Cl CO3 Deeper confined aquifer

“Generality” factor: a challenge in understanding groundwater • Scale – Regional: planning – Local: dynamics (e.g. extraction patterns) • Mappability – Scale of mapping – Units for groundwater mapping • Information – Source – Type – Scale of availability

The classical model – regional vs local aquifers 20 m

Regional and local hard-rock aquifers 50 m Regionally weathered hard-rock systems may behave like alluvial aquifers… 20 m

Aquifers: units for “understanding” groundwater resources Neemkheda watershed… Neemkheda: Geology Neemkheda aquifer…

Typology 1 Typology 3 Typology 4 Typology 2 Typology 5 Typology 6 Typologies: our work in Bagli tehsil, Dewas district, MP

Geospatial analysis: understanding the typology of groundwater 10 km

Typology 1: Hydrogeological map

Typology 1: geology & groundwater movement

Typology 1: Principal areas of natural groundwater recharge and discharge

Conceptual model – Typology 1 • Aquifer system 3 forms the transition between typologies 1 and 2 • Some leakage from Typology 1 to Typology 2 is expected, especially if patterns of usage in typology 2 change…

Matrix of protocols and feasibility of their implementation as part of the Groundwater Management Strategy in the Project Area (derived on the basis of participatory planning between ACWADAM and SPS teams over a period of a year…a continuously ongoing process) * = ja$rI (Necessary) = kaya-rt krnaa saMBava hO (Possible to implement) ?= kaya-rt krnao maoM AinaiScatta (Uncertainty in implementation)

Protocols Typology 1 Typology 2 Typology 3 Typology 4 Typology 5 Typology 6 Geohydrology in * * * * * * WSD Protection of * * * Land-use * * recharge areas ? protection ? Efficient well use * * * * ? ? Pump capacity * * * * * regulation ? Distance (w.r.t * * * * * * drinking water well) ? regulation Depth Regulation * * * * (w.r.t drinking well) ? ? Regulation of * * * * * Agricultural water ? use Groundwater * User * * * User * * management groups Patpadi groups through sharing Nachanbor Borkhalya

Typology context in ACWADAM’s work in Purandar Deccan basalt and associated alluvial sediments – drought-prone area

Typology 1 & 3

Typology 3: Groundwater resources – not fully developed; potential for management

Groundwater chemistry: major ions Typology 2 Typology 1 Typology 3

Purandar: typologies 1: Overexploitation: Macro-level intervention required; recharge-schemes, legislation(?)… 2: Groundwater quality: provision of better quality drinking water; unconventional methods of recharge... 3: Groundwater management: micro-scale interventions enough; regulation to protect / incentivize initiative…

In conclusion • Typology at “right” scale. • Groundwater typology – Hydrogeological (specific to geology and problems) – Socio-economic: stages of development – Ecological: recognition of precise role of groundwater on macro-ecology. • Groundwater management – Spatial: hydrogeological & ecological – Temporal: sociological (and economic) – Responses: where to do what and when…

Typology Approach in Groundwater - ACWADAM

by India Water Portal on Jun 03, 2009

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Typology Approach in Groundwater - ACWADAM — Presentation Transcript