Groundwater Experiences in Maharashtra -- GSDA

From Survey to Sustainability – Groundwater Experiences of Maharashtra Vikas Kharage Director Groundwater Surveys and Development Agency, Water Supply and Sanitation Department, Government of Maharashtra

Road map  Salient Features  Survey Work  Network of Observation wells  GW Quality Network  Scientific Approach  Drinking Water  Hydrology Project  Community Approach  Own Initiatives & Innovations  Water Security and Sustainability

Salient Features

Maharashtra: Rainfall

Maharashtra- Situation…. HDP 28% MDP 44% River basins: 05, Sub-basins: 15 UDP 28% Elementary watersheds: 1505 Basins Geomorphology

Maharashtra: Situation…. G Yearly Recuperation P G 2 P 5 - 2 6 4% 5% 9% Hundreds Year Old 82% Basalt Metamorphic Thousands Year Sedimentary Alluvium Old Geology Hydrogeology

Maharashtra: Situation ??  Adverse – Nothing Favorable Industrial Domestic 5% 10%  Still More Dependency on Groundwater Resource  Thanks to the Visionary Irrigation 85% People who gave importance to GW

Maharashtra: Statistics  Geographical area 30.77 Million Ha  Zilla Parishads 33  Panchayat Samitis 347  Gram Panchayats 27,800  Total no of villages- 42,000+  Total habitations 86,681  Rural families 1.1 crore  Rural population 5.25 crore

Maharashtra: Water Statistics  Major & Medium Projects: 2488  Minor Projects: 1469  Total Potential created: 39.57 lakh Ha  Potential Utilised: 24.42 lakh Ha  Area under surface irrigation: 11.83 lakh Ha  Total GW Recharge: 31.21 BCM  GW Draft: 15.09 BCM  GW Irrigation: 28.75 Ha

Maharashtra – Water Statistics Total area under Irrigation in Maharashtra - 40.58 lakh hec. Surface Irrigation 11.83 lakh hec. 29% Well Irrigation 28.75 lakh hec. 71 %

Status: Drinking Water Supply  Rural Water Supply  90,000 Dug wells  220,000 Bore wells  14,000 Power pumps (Mini Water Supply Schemes)  90 Dual Pumps  18000 Single Village Schemes  721 Multi Village Schemes (Regional Pipe Water Supply Schemes)

GSDA  Maharashtra – Only State having independent Govt GW Department  Machinery across State upto District Level  Governed by Water Supply & Sanitation Department  Funded through budgetary allocation

Groundwater Survey Work  Systematic Hydrogeological Survey of 25400 villages of the State  Delineated Groundwater Worthy and Non-Worthy Areas in these villages  Village level Gw Data base available for Development and Management

Groundwater Survey Work  Hydrogeological Survey for Drinking Water Sources in the State  Geophysical Survey for confirmation & potential area delineation  Hydrogeological Survey for GW development

Groundwater Level Monitoring Network  Long duration & Strong data base for groundwater levels  Research Work  Policy framing  Water Scarcity Declaration & Mitigation  Declaration of Over Exploited/Critical Watersheds

Water Scarcity Prediction Gw Levels of Oct 08 w.r.to last five years Avg Talukawise Actual Rainfall of 2008 w.r.to normal

Groundwater Quality Monitoring Network  Analysis of Chemical & Bacteriological Data  3370 Baseline, 397 Trend & 578 N W E Trend-cum-Surveillance S > 1500 mgl  Research Work 1200 - 1500 mgl 900 - 1200 mgl 600 - 900 mgl  Policy framing 300 - 600 mgl up to 300 mgl  Strategies for Preventive Measures  Declaration of water quality affected areas

Scientific Approach  Delineation of Elementary Watersheds – 1505 (Notified), Mini & Micro Watersheds  Base for Planning of Artificial Groundwater Recharge & Watershed Management  Basic Unit for Integrated Planning of both surface & groundwater

Drinking Water  Drilled 2.20 lakh borewells for drinking in Rural area & fitted with Hand Pump/Power Pump  Surveyed and Recommended potential sites for dug wells/ PWS wells  Augmentation to Drinking water sources – Survey

Hydrology Project – Phase I • Institutional strengthening. •Buildings Bhujal Bhavan – 1 Chemical Labs buildings – 4, Chemical Labs - 6 •Piezometer Constructed- 1136 •For water level monitoring 3920 Obw +1136 Piezometers •For GW quality monitoring Base line Stations Established–3370 Data centers • DDPCs-31,RDPCs-06,SDPC-01, DSC-01 •Procured GIS Database •GEMS Software

Hydrology Project – Phase II Institutional strengthening  Consolidation of HP - I activities  Awareness raising, Data Dissemination and Knowledge sharing  Implementation support Vertical Extension Development ofAhHydrological Design me dna gar Aids Development of Decisions Support System So r lapu Pune City Implementation for Purpose Driven Ujani Dam Studies

Community Participation  Community Participation is mandatory for Groundwater Development and Management in the State  Strong IEC Campaigns conducted at Grass Root and Political Functionaries  Dissemination of best practices on water management: issues and technology  Motivated the community to actively participate in the water management process.

Aquifer Based GW Management  Community Driven Demand Management Measures supported by supply side interventions  Six Pilots Initiated under Jalswarajya  Stress on Drinking water Security and Sustainability  Decisions in Gramsabhas  Planning, Implementation & Contribution (cash & kind) through Community only

Aquifer Based GW Management  Users’ Centred Aquifer Level GW Management  3 Pilots Initiated under Maharashtra Water Sector Improvement Project  Groundwater Security and Sustainability  Decisions in Gramsabhas  Planning, Implementation & Contribution (cash & kind) through Community only

Village Level Watershed Water Account  Community Driven Activity  Implemented in around 900 Villages of the State  Village level Water Management Concept is being Revived  Decisions in Gramsabhas in the Month of Oct Every Year  Rainfall, Groundwater Level Measurement, Crop Water Planning & Implementation by Community

Water Account of Shivni - 2004 Actual Rainfall 417 mm X Area 762 ha = 317 Cr Lits Debit (Cr lits) Credit (Cr lits)  Surface storage &  Natural Taxü - 121.00 Runoff - 184 (Evaporation)  Soil Moisture - 95  Drinking - 1.00  Groundwater - 38  Irrigation - 194.75  Total - 317  Total - 316.75 Total Savings – 25 lakh lits

GSDA own Initiatives & Innovations  Development and Implementation of Unconventional Measures especially for Strengthening of groundwater based Drinking Water sources  7500 Measures Completed in 5200 Villages  Unconventional Measures are being decided on the basis of nature of rock. In broad sense  Hard Rock – Bore Blast Technique  Fractured/Jointed Rock – Fracture Seal Cementation  Moderately Weathered – Stream Blasting, Hydrofracturing

Strengthening the drinking water source U nc o nv en t io na l M ea Jacket Well su Stream Blasting re s Technique Hydrofracturing Fracture Seal Cementation

GSDA own Initiatives & Innovations  Initiated 24x7 drinking water Supply in Rural Areas through Dual Pump  Installed of Hand Pump and Power Pump on Existing High Yielding Borewell  Purification System Installed to provide Safe and Potable Drinking Water especially to Schools  Sanitation Pump concept Introduced in the Rural Schools

Groundwater Security & Sustainability Government Resolution – 14th Feb 2002 • Implementation of measures for strengthening the drinking water source Conventional And Unconventional measures. • Roof Top Rain Water Harvesting. • Storage tank in Hard rock to arrest rainwater • Based on traditional wisdom and local knowledge innovative measures being taken up based on scientific and technical know-how

Shivkalin Pani Sathvan Yojana...

Strengthening of Source Check Dam Conventional Structures Village Desilting Lake Deepening of well

2 Roof Top Rain Water Harvesting 3.Storage tank in Hard rock to arrest rainwater

4.Based on technical wisdom and local knowledge innovative measures being taken up

Completed works under Shivkalin Yojana 1.Percolation Tanks - 46 2. Nala Bunding - 24 3.Cement N.B. - 1530

Completed works under Shivkalin Yojana 1. UGB - 316 2. RWH - 7489 3. Recharge Wells - 925

Completed works under Shivkalin Yojana 1. Hydro fracturing - 239 2. KT Weir - 71 3. Village Tank - 371

Completed works under Shivkalin Yojana 1. UCM - 71 2. Others - 2078

Based on technical wisdom and local knowledge innovating measures to be taken up based on scientific and technical know- how

Babhalgaon Gabian Bandhara, District Latur

Borewell Recharging

Farm-Pond

Vanrai Bandhara

Conversion of Ineffective Percolation Tank by constructing Filter Borewell-shaft Impervious Layer Pervious Layer Impervious Layer Pervious Layer

De-silting of CNB

De-silting of Nala Bund

Preparation of Groundwater Atlas • GoI Assisted Project Ground under Rajiv Gandhi Water prospec National Drinking Water t Map Technology Mission • Preparation of GW Atlas on topo-sheet Scale • Useful in GW Development and Management

Maharashtra : Issues & Remedial Measures N W E S Categorization Sate Semi-critical Critical Over- exploited ×•Ö»ÆüÖ ÃÖß´ÖÖ Sugar Factory Over-exploited area vis-a-vis Cash Crops

Integrated Watershed Development & Artificial Groundwater Recharge CONTINUOUS CONTOUR TRENCH LOOSE BOULDER STRUCTURE LOOSE BOULDER STRUCTURE FARM POND CEMENT BUND VANARAI BUND PERCOLATION TANK

Continuous Contour Percolation Trench DPAP Watershed Development Programme District Osmanabad (Before Rainfall) (During Rainfall)

After Monsoon (well dry since last 5 years, at present irrigating 2 ha in rabbi)

IEC Campaigns

Achievements National Water Award 2007

GROUNDWATER SURVEYS AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY (GSDA) BHUJAL BHAVAN Shivajinagar, PUNE– 411 005. Vikas Kharage I.A.S. Director S.B. Khandale Joint Director Telephone - 020 – 255 13 715, (16, 18) Fax - 020 – 255 33108 E-mail - dirgsda@vsnl.com director@mahagsda.org Web Site - www.gsda.maharashtra.gov.in Thanks

Groundwater Experiences in Maharashtra -- GSDA

by India Water Portal on Jun 03, 2009

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Groundwater Experiences in Maharashtra -- GSDA — Presentation Transcript