A Brief, Very Brief, Introduction to Task Based Models

Slide 1: A Brief, Very Brief, Introduction to Task Based Models Indi Young indi@acm.org user experience design & research

Slide 3: What is a Mental Model? Fill coffee maker with water Measure and scoop grounds Go to cafe for beans Grind beans Find clean mug Clean out filter Take first glorious sip Wipe up counter 3 Copyright 2004 Adaptive Path, LLC · info@adaptivepath.com · From Construct to Structure

Slide 4: What a Mental Model Diagram Looks Like Collections of tasks organized in a skyline horizon chart Three levels  Task, Tower, and Mental Space Cost Out The Design Plan Design Develop Range of Materials and Products Cost Find Products Compare Design Work Plan Products Work with CAD Read Catalogs Drawings Work with Architect/ Research Specific Present Designs to Develop Range of Present Cost Use Simple 3D Talk to other Designer Project Needs Client Labor Cost Estimate to Client Design Tools Builders Get Show Products Talk to Other Manage CAD Talk to Prepare Cost Transmit Files Take Notes Subcontractor and Materials Builders Package Suppliers Estimate Refine Drawings and Cost Estimates Options Present them Keep in Get Up To Compare New Show Example Present New Research Contact Show Number Contact with Date on Any Print Plans Estimate with Photographs Drawings Materials Subcontractors Ranges Designer Codes Original Reuse Present Put Numbers Read Books Refine Get Price Find Discuss Read Plans Drawings from Drawings to and Ranges in on Project Drawings Estimates Subcontractors Ranges Past Projects Client Excel 4 Copyright 2004 Adaptive Path, LLC · info@adaptivepath.com · From Construct to Structure

Slide 6: Yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak kak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak... Yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak... Yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak... 6 Copyright 2004 Adaptive Path, LLC · info@adaptivepath.com · From Construct to Structure

Slide 7: Design Work Plan Work with CAD Drawings Use Simple 3D Design Tools Manage CAD Package Print Plans Reuse Drawings from Past Projects Design Ideas Articles House Plans Library Kitchen Layout Tool Lighting Layout Tool Pre-designed Kitchen Templates 7 Copyright 2004 Adaptive Path, LLC · info@adaptivepath.com · From Construct to Structure

Slide 9: Three Classes of Research Data Techniques Uses Surveys Visual Interpretation Preference Focus Groups Branding Preference Interviews Preferences, opinions, desires Target Marketing Card Sorting Prototypes Interaction Design Ability Usability Testing Interaction Flow Log Analysis What is understood or Page Layout Customer Feedback accomplished with a tool Nomenclature Card Sorting Software Structure Information Architecture Task Interviews Conceptual Content Location Contextual Inquiry Contextual Information How things get done Surveys Contextual Marketing Gap Analysis 9 Copyright 2004 Adaptive Path, LLC · info@adaptivepath.com · From Construct to Structure

Slide 10: Building product improvements based on Preference Research is like Building a house from a stack of magazine clippings instead of a blueprint 10 Copyright 2004 Adaptive Path, LLC · info@adaptivepath.com · From Construct to Structure

Slide 13: Possible Segment Names from Other Workshops Movie Buff, Expert Singles Scene, Dating Couples, Husband & Wife (on a date) Movie Mom, Mom’s Circle (person w/dependents) Frugal Moviegoer Whining Moviegoer (high maintenance) Celebrity Fan Enthusiasts (single person) 13 Copyright 2004 Adaptive Path, LLC · info@adaptivepath.com · From Construct to Structure

Slide 16: Yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak... Non-Directed Interviews Six Rules 1. Do, not Feel 2. Open Questions Only 3. No Words of Your Own 4. Follow the Conversation 5. Not About Tools 6. Immediate Experience 16 Copyright 2004 Adaptive Path, LLC · info@adaptivepath.com · From Construct to Structure

Slide 18: Phone vs. Face-to-Face Yak yak yak yak yak yak Yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yuk yak yak yak yak yak yuk yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak yak... yak yak yak yak yak... 18 Copyright 2004 Adaptive Path, LLC · info@adaptivepath.com · From Construct to Structure

Slide 25: Mental Model: What It Looks Like • Consists of: Tasks Research the Needs Research the Products Set Requirements Set Feature Requirements Set Report Requirements Get Input from People Find Out High-Level within Company Information Solicit End- Set Data Read Vendor User Input for Storage Marketing Research Corporate Set Technology Find Out What Other Features Requirements Materials Needs Requirements People Say Get Proposals Understand Get Buy-In Explore Web- Distrust Get Input from Set Security Write Requests Existing from Key Based Marketing Other Requirements for Proposals Find Vendors Refine Requirements Process Players Solutions Material Customers Refine Get Buy-In Explore Determine the Set Integration Attend Read Requirements from IT Wireless Find Vendors Read Reviews ROI Requirements Conferences Proposals Based on Department Solutions Research • The individual tasks that people perform when attempting to achieve a larger goal 25 Copyright 2004 Adaptive Path, LLC · info@adaptivepath.com · From Construct to Structure

Slide 26: Mental Model: What It Looks Like • Consists of: Task Groups Research the Needs Research the Products Set Requirements Set Feature Requirements Set Report Requirements Get Input from People Find Out High-Level within Company Information Solicit End- Set Data Read Vendor User Input for Storage Marketing Research Corporate Set Technology Find Out What Other Features Requirements Materials Needs Requirements People Say Get Proposals Understand Get Buy-In Explore Web- Distrust Get Input from Set Security Write Requests Existing from Key Based Marketing Other Requirements for Proposals Find Vendors Refine Requirements Process Players Solutions Material Customers Refine Get Buy-In Explore Determine the Set Integration Attend Read Requirements from IT Wireless Find Vendors Read Reviews ROI Requirements Conferences Proposals Based on Department Solutions Research • Tasks for the same goal grouped together 26 Copyright 2004 Adaptive Path, LLC · info@adaptivepath.com · From Construct to Structure

Slide 27: Mental Model: What It Looks Like • Consists of: Mental Spaces Research the Needs Research the Products Set Requirements Set Feature Requirements Set Report Requirements Get Input from People Find Out High-Level within Company Information Solicit End- Set Data Read Vendor User Input for Storage Marketing Research Corporate Set Technology Find Out What Other Features Requirements Materials Needs Requirements People Say Get Proposals Understand Get Buy-In Explore Web- Distrust Get Input from Set Security Write Requests Existing from Key Based Marketing Other Requirements for Proposals Find Vendors Refine Requirements Process Players Solutions Material Customers Refine Get Buy-In Explore Determine the Set Integration Attend Read Requirements from IT Wireless Find Vendors Read Reviews ROI Requirements Conferences Proposals Based on Department Solutions Research • The set of goals which together form a complete activity 27 Copyright 2004 Adaptive Path, LLC · info@adaptivepath.com · From Construct to Structure

Slide 28: Mental Model: How It is Used • Content Slotting Research the Needs Research the Products Set Requirements Set Feature Requirements Set Report Requirements Get Input from People Find Out High-Level within Company Information Solicit End- Set Data Read Vendor User Input for Storage Marketing Research Corporate Set Technology Find Out What Other Features Requirements Materials Needs Requirements People Say Get Proposals Understand Get Buy-In Explore Web- Distrust Get Input from Set Security Write Requests Existing from Key Based Marketing Other Requirements for Proposals Find Vendors Refine Requirements Process Players Solutions Material Customers Refine Get Buy-In Explore Determine the Set Integration Attend Read Requirements from IT Wireless Find Vendors Read Reviews ROI Requirements Conferences Proposals Based on Department Solutions Research Online Proposal Discussion • Later: Existing site content from audit is Template Boards “slotted” underneath to show where Proposal Submission Form current site meets (or doesn’t) users’ needs. 28 Copyright 2004 Adaptive Path, LLC · info@adaptivepath.com · From Construct to Structure

Slide 29: Mental Model: Horizon Chart –or- City Skyline Prospective Customer Mental Model Legend PeopleSoft Conceptual Group Needs Improvement Re-Architecture Widespread Concept Similar to Current Cust. Business Services to User Mental Model Infrequent Concept Copy Comparison v8 Now Current Customer 15-Jun-2001 Conceptual Area Separate Site Copyright 2001 Lot21 Business Service Find All Get Personal Downloadable Implement Train End- Measure Find Out Detailed Decide Whether to Get a Solution Research the Needs Research Information about Product Make Decision Make Purchase React to Office Environment Help Finding Content in One Software Users Success Information Information Place Read Vendor Technical Set Requirements Materials Set Feature Get Several Consider Vendor Requirements Demos Match Plan Project Form a Team Consider Set Report Distrust Sales to do Reliabillity of Requirements People Decide to Change Get Input from People Find Out High-Level Consider f Users Will Consider Costs Make Decision Decide on Alternative Determine if Change Research Vendor within Company Information Accept System Was a Success Hire Improve Solicit End- Set Data Read Vendor Try Out Consider Consultant to Assess Impact Narrow Down Purchase Part Measure Business User Input for Storage Marketing Software In- Personality of Consider Price Research Corporate Set Technology Find Out What Other Implement the Help with on Users Vendors of Package Success Process Features Requirements Materials House Vendor Needs Requirements People Say Software Get Proposals Get Approval Research Consider Watch for Put Understand Get Buy-In Explore Web- Write Distrust Attend Training Get Input Consider Consider Present Use Existing Set Security Consider Support and Responsive- Consider Timeframe Implement the Manage Trends in Placeholders Existing from Key Based Requests for Marketing Classes Ahead from Other Product Hardware Recommenda- Enterprise- Get Approval Requirements ness of Software Expectations Training Options and Resources to Increase Awareness Find Vendors Refine Requirements Negotiate Contract Purchase the Work on Company Make Time for Industry in Budget Process Players Solutions Proposals Material of Time Customers Usability Costs tion Level Software Vendor Implement About Vendors Software Projects Research Refine

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