Mobile for PHP developers

http://www.egeniq.com info@egeniq.com @egeniqMobile for PHP Developers a 3 hour primerWifi: MarcoTabini Password: blueparabola Ivo Jansch php|tek, May 2011

About Me@ijanschDeveloperAuthorEntreprenerdPHP 2

About EgeniqStartupMobileTechKnowledgeGeeksDevelopment 3

Contents‣ Part 1: Putting mobile in perspective‣ Part 2: Browser based mobile applications‣ Part 3: A few words on frontend design‣ Part 4: Cool stuff with PHP and native apps‣ Part 5: APIs for native apps‣ Part 6: Web vs Native: best of both worlds‣ Part 7: Random bits if time permits 4

Part 1Let’s think about mobile for a few minutes 5

The WebIs increasingly portable 6

It’s revolutionary Much like when the phone lost its wall socket 7

The Internet Of Thingsivo-imac:~ ivo$ ping fridgePING fridge (192.168.1.138): 56 data bytes 8

The Web versus The Internet 9

Usage Characteristics‣ On the go‣ Short attention span‣ Avoid typing‣ To the point / ad hoc‣ Omnipresent‣ Context Awareness 10

‘Pocket Essentials’ 11

Usage - ‘Couch Computing’‣ Relaxed‣ Freedom‣ Consumption‣ Convergence‣ Companion 12

Mobile Technologies‣ Objective-C (iPhone, iPad, iPod Touch, Apple TV)‣ Java (Android, Blackberry, Symbian)‣ HTML5 / Javascript (Any)‣ PHP (Any) 13

The App vs. The Browser 14

Browser based applications‣ Write once, run anywhere‣ Online‣ Requires browser‣ Page based‣ ‘Stateless’ 15

Native Apps‣ On- and offline‣ Event based‣ Native device experience‣ Convenient access to device features‣ Stateful‣ Monetization through App Stores 16

Some statistics‣ Android Market: 100.000 apps‣ Apple App Store: 300.000 apps‣ Web: 3.000.000 websites optimized for mobileSources:‣ http://www.bizreport.com/2010/10/dotmobi-2000-growth-in-number-of-mobile-ready-websites.html#‣ http://twitter.com/AndroidDev/status/28701488389‣ http://www.silobreaker.com/apples-app-store-crosses-300000-apps-5_2263799272514256896 17

Predictions 18

Part 2Browser Based Mobile Apps 19

10 years agoSource: freewebmasterhelp.com 20

A little over 4 years agoSource: Mobiforge.com 21

4 years ago 22

Dealing with a smaller screen2 ways to render a regular website:‣ Keyhole‣ Scaled 23

Keyhole 24

Scaled 25

A pixel is not a pixel 640 1020 26

A pixel is not a pixelViewports:‣ Invented by Apple‣ Adopted by others‣ Unofficial standard, registered at whatwg.org 27

A pixel is not a pixel 320 640480 960 iPhone 3 iPhone 4 28

A pixel is not a pixelCSS 2.1 Specification:“If the pixel density of the output device is very different from that of a typical computer display,the user agent should rescale pixel values. It is recommended that the pixel unit refer to thewhole number of device pixels that best approximates the reference pixel. It is recommendedthat the reference pixel be the visual angle of one pixel on a device with a pixel density of96dpi and a distance from the reader of an arm’s length.” 29

Standardization Horror‣ <meta name=”viewport” content=”width=device-width” /> • iPhone and most others‣ <meta name=”HandheldFriendly” content=”true” /> • Many feature phones (originally Palm)‣ <meta name=”MobileOptimized” content=”320” /> • Windows Mobile‣ <meta name=”viewport” content=”target-densitydpi=device-dpi” /> • Android 30

A pixel is not a pixelRecommended reading:http://www.quirksmode.org/blog/ by Peter Paul Koch 31

Device DetectionIt’s all in the User Agent • Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; U; CPU iPhone OS 4_1 like Mac OS X; en-us) AppleWebKit/532.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version / 4.0.5 Mobile/8B117 Safari/6531.22.7 • Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 2.1-update1; nl-nl; HTC Hero Build/ERE27) AppleWebKit/ 530.17 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/ 530.17 32

Device Detection 33

Don’t Reinvent The Wheelhttp://detectmobilebrowsers.mobi/ • Downloadable PHP library for device detection • Online code generator • Donationware • Ugly code, well documented 34

On to a more advanced mechanism‣ General tip: • don’t rely on device • rely on capabilities‣ WURFL • Wireless Universal Resource FiLe • Contains info on 500+ capabilities of 14.000+ devices • http://wurfl.sourceforge.net/ • Clients available for many languages 35

WURFL in PHP: Tera-Wurfl‣ Download Tera-Wurfl • http://www.tera-wurfl.com‣ Install in document root • e.g. in /var/www/yoursite/Tera-WURFL • Make sure data/ dir is apache read+writable‣ Create empty database 36

Tera-WURFL Setup‣ Copy TeraWurflConfig.php.example • Edit database settings‣ Browse to: • http://yoursite/Tera-Wurfl/admin/install.php 37

Tera-WURFL Setup 38

Tera-WURFL Setup 39

Tera-WURFL Administration 40

Tera-WURFL code samples 41

Tera-WURFL output 45

Alternatives‣ http://www.deviceatlas.com • Commercial database of device properties • Available online, as API and downloadable json file • Free for development • ~99$/year for production 46

Browser Detection In Practice‣ Let’s optimize a site with what we’ve learned so far.‣ Let’s take advantage of ZF’s powerful MVC set up • View scripts determine layout of actions • Layout script wraps everything into main layout • Use Bootstrapper to detect device and setup MVC 47

Zend Framework mobile site 2 ways for mobile layout: ‣ Separate files ‣ Separate folders Detection in bootstrap 48

layouts/scripts/layout_mobile.phtml 49

views_mobile/scripts/index/index.phtml 50

Bootstrap.php 51

ResultTry it at http://egeniq.com/demo/zf/public 52

Zend_Http_UserAgent‣ New in Zend Framework 1.11‣ Can work with WURFL or Device Atlas 53

Dealing With Mobile Browsers‣ Considerations: • Don’t redirect to homepage • Offer ‘classic’ option • Don’t make assumptions on physical screen size 54

Part 3A few words on front end design 55

UI Design‣ Hover = evil‣ ‘Finger Friendly Design’‣ ‘Touch Driven Development’‣ Screens are getting bigger and (!) smaller 56

Scalable websiteshttp://www.niemanlab.org/2010/09/nyts-opinion-pages-continue-the-march-toward-app-inspired-design/ 57

HTML5 is easy‣ <!doctype html> - period.‣ <script> or <style> - period.‣ Semantics: header, footer, section, article tags 58

HTML5 is powerful‣ localStorage‣ <video>‣ <canvas>‣ <svg>‣ <input type=”number”> and many other form fields‣ navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition(); 59

Browsers love HTML5Browsers supporting HTML5:‣ Firefox‣ Safari‣ Opera‣ All the mobile browsers‣ IE (sort of, no support for <article> until IE9) 60

Things to consider‣ Don’t just scale the layout, scale content too‣ Consider ‘scenario based content management’ 61

jQTouch 62

jQTouch‣ iPhone experience in HTML5‣ http://jqtouch.com/ (beta 3)‣ jQuery based‣ MIT License‣ Give it a try: http://jqtouch.com/preview/ demos/main 63

Alternatives‣ jQuery Mobile • 1.0 alpha was released at October 16, 2010 • http://jquerymobile.com/‣ Sencha Touch • From the makers of jqTouch • Tablet support • http://www.sencha.com/products/touch/ 64

Simple tricksMaking phone calls from a web page: 65

Simple tricksOpen Maps application: 66

You already know PHPYour PHP skills + HTML5 = easy mobilewebsites 67

Part 4Doing Cool Stuff With PHP And Native Apps 68

QR Codes‣ http://phpqrcode.sourceforge.net 69

QR Codes: URLs 70

QR Codes: MECARDs 71

QR Codes: MECARDs 72

Tiqr demo‣ Authentication with a smart phone‣ Components • Client: iPhone, Android • Server: Zend Framework, simpleSAMLphp or plain PHP • Standards: OATH OCRA, SHA-x, HOTP, SAML • License: BSD‣ http://www.tiqr.org 73

Tiqr Diagram 74

Tiqr Integration 75

Device Notifications‣ A way to get attention‣ Use with caution 76

Notifications‣ Apple • Push Notifications • http://code.google.com/p/apns-php/‣ Android • Cloud To Device Messaging (c2dm) • https://github.com/mwillbanks/ Zend_Service_Google_C2dm/‣ BlackBerry • BlackBerry Push Service • CURL 77

Notifications Apple PushYour Server Notiﬁcation deviceToken message message Services payload payload signature Your App 78

Notifications 79

Notifications - Android 80

Notifications - Android 81

Notifications - Notes‣ For Apple: • Get certificates from the developer portal‣ For Android • Need to register an account and request a quota‣ Note: deviceTokens can change! 82

Token Exchange notificationToken Apple PushYour Server Notification deviceToken message message Services payload payload signature Your App notificationToken deviceToken deviceToken Token notificationToken Exchange http://tokenexchange.googlecode.com 83

Part 5APIs for Native Apps 84

PHP’s role in native apps Android Blackberry iPhone App App App API 85

Optimize APIs for mobile‣ Content optimization‣ Scalability‣ Longevity‣ Security‣ Client/Server considerations 86

Content Optimization‣ Consider CPU and memory constraints • Prefer JSON over XML • Compress data • Keep responses small • But not too small (connection / routing overhead) 87

Scalability‣ AppStore featured/top listings Slashdot effect‣ Consider the 80/20 rule of app popularity though 88

Longevity‣ Apps have different deployment patterns • No ‘quick fix’ in the application as in web apps‣ Client/Server asynchronous updates • Backwards compatibility ‣ Versioned API URLs: - http://iportfolio.api.egeniq.com/portfolios/1.0/mvb/collections.json 89

Longevity‣ How long do you support your APIs? • Can’t force people to delete their Apps • Provide clean fallback • Synchronized instead of real-time data‣ Implement status check API calls‣ API ownership 90

Longevity - API Ownership‣ Own DNS records‣ Own the initial entry point of the app‣ Don’t hardcode URLs‣ By the way: also own the developer account 91

API Security‣ TLS/SSL‣ Basic Auth‣ OAuth? XAuth!‣ PKI / TLSAuth‣ Signed URLs 92

Signed URLs‣ Prevent parameter tampering‣ Allow API use by specific client only‣ Simple but effective way to protect API 93

Signed URLs Params + Signature Client API Sign Params Verify With Signature Signature W 94

Signed URLs W 95

Signed URLs W 96

Signed URLs W 97

Client/Server considerations‣ Image Processing in the API, instead of App • Use Imagick / GD etc. • Trade-off between bandwidth and processing power‣ Apps support threading / asynchronisity • Fire-and-forget API design • Prepare/getResult call duos‣ Push features into PHP APIs for reuse 98

PHP’s role in native apps‣ PHP has native support for: • Web services • JSON • Compression • Image manipulation‣ Egeniq’s number 1 choice for App APIs‣ 25-30% of App development time = API 99

Part 6Web vs Native: Best of Both Worlds 100

HTML5 in the App Store‣ HTML5 on the server, supports PHP: • IPFaces - http://www.ipfaces.org/‣ HTML5 on the device, no (or limited) support for PHP: • AppCelerator - http://appcelerator.com/ • Phonegap - http://phonegap.com 101

Cross Compilers = Instant Coffee 102

Part 7Random bits if time permits 103

Testing‣ Various options for testing: • Get your boss to buy you devices • Firefox with user agent plugin • Use Simulators/Emulators • Use a service such as DeviceAnywhere 104

Running PHP on the deviceFirst: Why??!‣ PHP For Android (PFA) • http://phpforandroid.net/‣ PAMP for Symbian • http://wiki.opensource.nokia.com/projects/PAMP 105

Symfony Mobile• Mime-type based optimisation• http://www.symfony-project.org/blog/2008/06/09/how- to-create-an-optimized-version-of-your-website-for-the- iphone-in-symfony-1-1 106

‘Lemon ADE’ AST editor 107

Resources for PHP/Mobile• http://www.egeniq.com/blog• http://mobile.phpmagazine.net/• http://thoomtech.com/iphone/ objc-for-php-developers-part-1/ 108

http://www.egeniq.com info@egeniq.com @egeniqThank you! Questions? http://joind.in/3412 http://www.egeniq.com ivo@egeniq.com @ijansch

CreditsPictures used in this presentation are creative commons attribution licensed pictures. Hereare the owners and the URLS where the originals can be found:‘Dow says POO’ by Stepleton - http://www.flickr.com/photos/29407923@N03/2899705638/‘The telephone’ by Tylerdurden - http://www.flickr.com/photos/tylerdurden/529028040/‘Web’ by Kurtxio - http://www.flickr.com/photos/kurtxio/2182760200/‘Heavy cloud, no rain’ by Robynsnest - http://www.flickr.com/photos/robynsnest/12405841/‘Wireless fridge’ from http://www.wirelessgoodness.com/tag/srt746awtn/‘Army iphone app’ by Soldiersmediacenter - http://www.flickr.com/photos/soldiersmediacenter/4271795260/‘Carbon Fibre Wallet’ by Ryan Loos - http://www.flickr.com/photos/rh1n0/4157547404/‘Keys’ by Jamison Judd - http://www.flickr.com/photos/jamisonjudd/2419601050/‘Phone Girl’ by Steffen - http://www.flickr.com/photos/re-ality/460465894/‘Icon_safari_hires’ by Hans Dorsch - http://www.flickr.com/photos/hansdorsch/2861804087/‘Thinking’ by Karola - http://www.flickr.com/photos/karola/3623768629/‘Jusa web’ by Jusfi - http://www.flickr.com/photos/jusfi/2921202536/‘iPad :)’ by Korosirego - http://www.flickr.com/photos/korosirego/4334862666/‘Ive got a monkey on my back’ by Keven Law - http://www.flickr.com/photos/kevenlaw/2698946160/‘Add a spoonful of coffee’ by Martyn Wright - http://www.flickr.com/photos/35521221@N05/5181647830/‘Locked steel’ by Darwinbell - http://www.flickr.com/photos/darwinbell/321434733/‘4 Biscuits’ by Barnoid - http://www.flickr.com/photos/barnoid/2025811494/‘pining for maui’ by D’Arcy Norman - http://www.flickr.com/photos/dnorman/2223663304/

CreditsPictures used in this presentation are creative commons attribution licensed pictures. Hereare the owners and the URLS where the originals can be found:‘Seeing my world through a keyhole’ by Kate Ter Haar - http://www.flickr.com/photos/katerha/4592429363/‘Dear CNN, please send me push notifi...’ by Alex Valentine - http://www.flickr.com/photos/alexvalentine/5644423659/Ivo’s portrait in intro, photo by Jelmer de Haas - http://www.jelmerdehaas.com

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Mobile for PHP developers

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