Enterprise PHP development Ivo Jansch <ivo@ibuildings.nl> PHP For Business Seminar, July 2nd 2007

About me CTO at Ibuildings.nl Development using PHP (websites, applications) Big projects (high traffic, multi-tier, clusters, high availability, large teams) Consultancy (how to do big projects) Geek! Author of several Open Source projects Yair: “careful, these are business people, NO GEEKS!”

CTO at Ibuildings.nl

Development using PHP (websites, applications)

Big projects (high traffic, multi-tier, clusters, high availability, large teams)

Consultancy (how to do big projects)

Geek!

Author of several Open Source projects

Yair: “careful, these are business people, NO GEEKS!”

About PHP Traditional metaphor PHP is like Lego bricks Bricks allowing you to build anything

Traditional metaphor

PHP is like Lego bricks

Bricks allowing you to build anything

About PHP PHP is no longer a toy Let’s use the metaphor of actual bricks Because we’re building actual buildings now

PHP is no longer a toy

Let’s use the metaphor of actual bricks

Because we’re building actual buildings now

About Bricks Extreme simplicity Easy to learn Versatile Cheap ... so building a skyscraper must be peanuts, right?

Extreme simplicity

Easy to learn

Versatile

Cheap

... so building a skyscraper must be peanuts, right?

7 important steps

Step 1 - Recruitment “ Dear Mr. Businessman, I have read about your plans to build a new skyscraper and I am applying for a job. I have a lot of experience with Bricks. I taught myself how to use them and have been maintaining our family shed for a few years now.”

“ Dear Mr. Businessman,

I have read about your plans to build a new skyscraper and I am applying for a job.

I have a lot of experience with Bricks. I taught myself how to use them and have been maintaining our family shed for a few years now.”

Step 1 - Recruitment Hire software engineers Computer Science background It’s OK if they didn’t use Bricks Train your people Consider Zend Certification

Hire software engineers

Computer Science background

It’s OK if they didn’t use Bricks

Train your people

Consider Zend Certification

Step 2 - Architecture Don’t just start stacking bricks Create an architecture first

Don’t just start stacking bricks

Create an architecture first

Step 2 - Architecture Functional Design Requirements definition Technical Design Modelling Class diagrams ER diagram (data model) Colaboration diagrams Use cases etc. Tools: UML, whiteboards

Functional Design

Requirements definition

Technical Design

Modelling

Class diagrams

ER diagram (data model)

Colaboration diagrams

Use cases

etc.

Tools: UML, whiteboards

Step 3 - Tools You don’t need tools... But they make you productive

You don’t need tools...

But they make you productive

Step 3 - Tools Tools for developers: Eclipse (PHP-IDE) Vim Zend Studio Source control: SVN CVS

Tools for developers:

Eclipse (PHP-IDE)

Vim

Zend Studio

Source control:

SVN

CVS

Step 4 - Foundation Start stacking bricks? How many bricks does it take.. What about stability? Start with a foundation

Start stacking bricks?

How many bricks does it take..

What about stability?

Start with a foundation

Step 4 - Foundation Use a framework Stable basis Provides guidelines (frame) Off the shelf components Examples Zend Framework http://framework.zend.com Symfony http://www.symfony-project.org ATK http://www.achievo.org/atk

Use a framework

Stable basis

Provides guidelines (frame)

Off the shelf components

Examples

Zend Framework http://framework.zend.com

Symfony http://www.symfony-project.org

ATK http://www.achievo.org/atk

Step 5 – Design Patterns Requirement 1056.4: W e need to be able to look outside, but we can't make holes in the wall ( rain should be kept outside ) . When it's sunny, a hole is ok.

Requirement 1056.4:

W e need to be able to look outside, but we

can't make holes in the wall ( rain should be

kept outside ) . When it's sunny, a hole is ok.

Step 5 – Design Patterns A ‘window’ is a concept Best practice way of solving a particular problem Standard solution Ready-made products available In PHP, we call this a ‘design pattern’ Ask your geeks about Iterators and Singletons

A ‘window’ is a concept

Best practice way of solving a particular problem

Standard solution

Ready-made products available

In PHP, we call this a ‘design pattern’

Ask your geeks about Iterators and Singletons

Step 6 - Testing Is your software only tested once it’s built?

Is your software only tested once it’s built?

Step 6 - Testing Consider Test Driven Development

Consider Test Driven Development

Step 6 - Testing Testing for PHP applications: PHPUnit http://www.phpunit.de/ SimpleTest http://www.lastcraft.com/simple_test.php Continuous Integration: Xinc http://xinc.entrypoint.biz/

Testing for PHP applications:

PHPUnit http://www.phpunit.de/

SimpleTest http://www.lastcraft.com/simple_test.php

Continuous Integration:

Xinc http://xinc.entrypoint.biz/

Step 7 - Optimization Users are reporting: &quot;I work on the 197th floor. Every day I have to walk the stairs for 2 hours, then I have only 4 hours left to do my job.&quot;

Users are reporting:

&quot;I work on the 197th floor. Every day I

have to walk the stairs for 2 hours, then I

have only 4 hours left to do my job.&quot;

Step 7 - Optimization Solution: Elevator

Solution: Elevator

Step 7 - Optimization In PHP, this ‘elevator’ is called an ‘accelerator’ This is how PHP works (very non-geek version): getToWork(); // php engine does this getTheJobDone(); // this is your code An accelerator improves the ‘getToWork’ part Accelerators for PHP: eAccelerator http://eaccelerator.net/ APC http://pecl.php.net/package/APC Zend Platform http://www.zend.com/products/zend_platform

In PHP, this ‘elevator’ is called an ‘accelerator’

This is how PHP works (very non-geek version):

getToWork(); // php engine does this

getTheJobDone(); // this is your code

An accelerator improves the ‘getToWork’ part

Accelerators for PHP:

eAccelerator http://eaccelerator.net/

APC http://pecl.php.net/package/APC

Zend Platform http://www.zend.com/products/zend_platform

Step 7 - Optimization Users complain: “ Every time I need coffee I have to go to the top floor to get some.”

Users complain:

“ Every time I need coffee I have to go

to the top floor to get some.”

Step 7 - Optimization Solution: Create small coffee corners on every floor so people don’t have to go to the main restaurant every time. In PHP we call this caching Don’t query the database everytime you need data Use locally stored copy (file or memory) PHP Caching solutions: Smarty http://smarty.php.net Zend Platform http://www.zend.com/products/zend_platform Memcached http://danga.com/memcached/

Solution: Create small coffee corners on every floor so people don’t have to go to the main restaurant every time.

In PHP we call this caching

Don’t query the database everytime you need data

Use locally stored copy (file or memory)

PHP Caching solutions:

Smarty http://smarty.php.net

Zend Platform http://www.zend.com/products/zend_platform

Memcached http://danga.com/memcached/

The Big Picture No ‘cowboy coding’, but structured steps Higher quality Software will be easier to maintain (and cheaper) Development methodology Waterfall Agile (DSDM, XP, Scrum) Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) Adapt from existing methods, learn from experts Document it properly Make it the cornerstone of your development efforts “ The Zend Way”

No ‘cowboy coding’, but structured steps

Higher quality

Software will be easier to maintain (and cheaper)

Development methodology

Waterfall

Agile (DSDM, XP, Scrum)

Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC)

Adapt from existing methods, learn from experts

Document it properly

Make it the cornerstone of your development efforts

“ The Zend Way”

More things to think about? Debugging Security Deployment Maintenance Change management Monitoring Need help? http://www.ibuildings.nl [email_address] http://www.zend.com

Debugging

Security

Deployment

Maintenance

Change management

Monitoring

Need help?

http://www.ibuildings.nl [email_address]

http://www.zend.com

Questions? http://www.ibuildings.nl http://www.achievo.org/blog [email_address]