REDD Plus and Indigenous Peoples: Opportunities and Risks

REDD Plus and Indigenous Peoples: Opportunities and Risks IFAD, 25 June 2010 Victoria Tauli-Corpuz Member, UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues Executive Director, Tebtebba Tebtebba Indigenous Peoples’ International Centre for Policy Research and Education

International concept
OUTLINE:
1. History of REDD Plus
2. Indigenous Peoples' Engagement
3. Opportunities
4. Risks
5. Road ahead

Deforestation and forest degradation account for 13-17% of annual global greenhouse gas emissions
It is not addressed by the Kyoto Protocol
Deforestation is occurring mainly in tropical forest countries which are all non-Annex I countries
Drivers are multiple and diverse

http://blog.conservation.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/400_Global_GHG_Emissions.gif

The UN Food and Agriculture Organization tables on changes in forested land by country: www.fao.org/forestry/site/32033/en/
The UN Food and Agriculture Organization tables on changes in forested land by country: www.fao.org/forestry/site/32033/en/

History (inside UNFCCC)
1997/2001 KP addresses only A/R in CDM, AD too controversial at the time
2007 Bali Action Plan takes up idea of creating incentives to keep forests intact by making trees standing more valuable than felled (REDD)
2009 CA:3 B USD funding of REDD-plus
2010 SBSTA-32 identifies governance challenges (safeguards; demonstration activities; policies to tackle drivers; MRV; steps for readiness phase; methodological guidance; credible reference levels; coordination among institutions; etc.)

History (outside UNFCCC)
2005 CfRN (led by Costa Rica and PNG) introduces proposal to include land use and forestry in climate regime
2007 Stern Report
2007 First Forest Day at COP-13, Bali
2008 UN-REDD Programme and WB Forest Carbon Partnership Facility
2008 Eliasch Review
2010 Paris-Oslo Process

History (outside UNFCCC)
2005 CfRN (led by Costa Rica and PNG) introduces proposal to include land use and forestry in climate regime
2007 Stern Report
2007 First Forest Day at COP-13
2008 UN-REDD Programme and WB Forest Carbon Partnership Facility
2008 Eliasch Review
2010 Paris-Oslo Process

Objective of REDD Plus
Pay compensation to tropical forest countries to stop deforestation and reduce forest degradation to contribute to reduction of CO2 emissions and removals or sequestration of CO2.

Approaches and risks
RED/REDD
narrow focus on forest carbon stocks
REDD-plus
“ conservation” – risk of evictions and loss of rights for indigenous peoples and local communities
“ sustainable management of forests” could include subsidies to commercial logging operations

Approaches and risks “ enhancement of forest carbon stocks” could result in conversion of land (including forests) to industrial tree plantations, with serious implications for biodiversity, forests and local communities

Approaches and risks
-exclusion from decision-making due to centralized , top-down forest management
Renewed state control over forests
Violations of rights over forests and forest resources, free, prior and informed consent
Land speculation, land grabs
- Perverse incentives

Global Canopy Project, Little REDD+ Book, 2008

REDD+ mechanism design Leakage (national and international) Permanence Geographical scale of REDD+ accounting Baseline setting, emissions reference levels Safeguards (environmental and social) Country level Monitoring, Reporting, Verification (MRV) Good governance (transparency, accountability, inclusiveness) Fair distribution of benefits

Opportunities:
engagement with REDD Plus processes to influence the design and architecture at global and national levels.
Push for needed policy reforms on forests, forest governance and indigenous peoples' rights.
Equitable sharing of benefits
Integration of indigenous peoples' knowledge systems and practices on forest management.
Implementation of safeguard policies

Gains:
Language in the UNFCCC Negotiated Texts which contain references to IP rights.
REDD Plus Text (FCCC/AWGLCA/2009/17)
Para 2(c) Respect for the knowledge and rights of indigenous peoples and local communities, by taking into account relevant international obligations,..and noting that the UN General Assembly adopted the UNDRIP.

d) full and effective participation of relevant stakeholders, in particular, indigenous peoples
and local communities.
SBSTA (Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice) Decision in COP 15
Recognizing the need for full and effective engagement of indigenous peoples and local communities in, and the potential contribution of their knowledge in monitoring and reporting of REDD Plus.
Concrete work on the ground with partners

Imugan, Nueva Viscaya, Philippines Exchange Visit on Traditional Forest Management and Carbon Stock Calculation, January 2010

Loita Naimina Enkiyio Forest (Traditionally Managed by Loita Maasai People) Loita Division, Kenya and Tanzania Border

After a Focused Group discussion with the Loita Council of Elders on Traditional Forest Management February 2010

“ Dahas” (Traditionally Managed Forest) Tanjung, Ketapang, Indonesia Visit, November 2009

Nursery for reforestation project of Cerra Miramar (with Waldo, President of Tasba Pri Territorial Assembly)

5. Road Ahead
Continue engagement with UNFCCC climate change talks and COPs (Cancun and beyond) to protect gains and push for more)
Development of REDD framework and design at national levels
Rio Plus 20 Preparatory Meetings and Conference on 2012

Email: [email_address] or [email_address]
Websites: www.tebtebba.org
www.indigenousclimate.org
THANK YOU!
DAKKEL AY IYAMAN!

REDD Plus and Indigenous Peoples: Opportunities and Risks

by IFAD International Fund for Agricultural Development on Jun 25, 2010

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REDD Plus and Indigenous Peoples: Opportunities and Risks — Presentation Transcript