My prayer booklet inner pages

1SALAH ISONE OF THE whether one is travelling or residingFUNDAMENTAL and whether one is safe or in fear.PILLARS OFISLAM. Salah is our key to success in this world and in the hereafter. Allah I says inIt was the first act of worship that His Glorious Book, “Successful indeedwas made obligatory by Allah and are the believers who are humble in theirit is the last thing to be taken away prayers” and in another verse “And whofrom the religion. When it perishes, pay heed to their prayers. These are theIslam will perish. Its obligation was heirs who will inherit Paradise. There willrevealed directly to the Prophet r, they abide ” (al-Mu’minun: 1-2, 9-11)during his ascension to the heavenand it was made obligatory upon The main purpose of this booklet is toevery sane, adult Muslim. help you learn how to pray correctly as taught to us by the ProphetSalah is the first action that a Muhammad r. It provides a simplified,believer will be questioned about, illustrated step-by-step guide to Salahfor the Messenger of Allah r said, and Wudu’ which we hope will get you up and running quickly.“The first act that the slave willbe accountable for on the Day of For a more detailed andJudgement will be prayer. If it is good, comprehensive explanation, pleasethen the rest of his acts will be good. refer to your local masjid or islamicAnd if it is deficient, then the rest of bookstore for an advanced book onhis acts will be deficient”. Salah.The importance of Salah is so great We ask Allah to accept from usthat one is ordered to observe it our actions and forgive us for ourin all occasions, whether one is shortcomings, and inshaAllah youhealthy or sick, whether one prays will find the contents of this bookletstanding, sitting or lying down, beneficial.

3DEFINITION OF SALAHThe Arabic word Salah originates from the word silah whichmeans connection. The Islamic definition of Salah is thename given to the formal prayer of Islam. The prayer isone of the obligatory rites of the religion, to be performedfive times a day by every obedient adult Muslim. It is aconnection between the human and his Creator Allah I.2ND PILLAR OF ISLAMSalah is the second pillar of Islam. Performing Salah is thefirst priority after belief in the Oneness of Allah I and in theprophethood of Muhammad r.It is such an important pillar, that Muslims are called upon toperform this act of worship in all circumstances without fail.WHO MUST PRAYPrayer is obligatory upon every sane adult Muslim. A personis considered an adult upon reaching puberty.There are four signs of puberty (any one of these signsmeans the person has reached puberty):1. Wet dreams2. Pubic hair3. Menstruation (for girls)4. Reaching the age of 15 (lunar years)

4THE NAMES AND TIMES OF THE 5 DAILYSALAH 2 UNITS 4 UNITS 4 UNITS Fajr Dhuhr Asr The Dawn Prayer The Noon Prayer The Afternoon Prayer is performed after is performed when the is performed midway dawn and before sun begins to decline between noon and sunrise. It consists from the zenith point. sunset. It consists of 4 of 2 units (raka’ah). It consists of 4 units units (raka’ah). (raka’ah). 3 UNITS 4 UNITS Maghrib Isha’ The Sunset Prayer The Night Prayer is performed is performed after twilight immediately after up until fajr although it is sunset. It consists preferred to be prayed before of 3 units (raka’ah). the middle of the night. It consists of 4 units (raka’ah).

5PRAY ON TIME Allah says:Remember, it is best to perform each “Verily, the prayerof the five obligatory prayers as soon is enjoined on theas the time has commenced, as it is believers at fixednot permitted to delay them without a times”valid reason, and it must not be delayed (Al-Nisaa 4:103)beyond its permitted time.MISSED PRAYERSIt is a major sin to miss a prayerdeliberately; the missed prayer must bemade up as soon as it is remembered.Any made-up prayer is performed inthe exact manner it is prayed during it’sspecified time.PRAYER CALENDARSIt is advised that you refer to an Islamicprayer timetable published by one ofthe local Islamic centres in your city forexact prayer times throughout the year.

6 THE COMPULSORY AND SUNNAH PRAYERS The following are the number of compulsory and sunnah units associated with each prayer. The highlighted boxes are obligatory. The sunnah prayers are highly recommended, and the person will receive great reward for performing them - but no sin is incurred for skipping them. Before After Prayer Compulsory (Sunnah) (Sunnah) Fajr 2 2* Dhuhr 2+2 4 2 or (2 + 2) Asr 2+2 4 Maghrib 2 3* 2 Isha’ 2 4* 2 * The Qur’anic recitation of the first two units of each of the prayers which have the asterisk besides them should be read aloud. All other units of these prayers and other prayers without an asterisk should be recited silently.

7PURIFICATION AND CLEANLINESS - In the GloriousTAHAARAH Quran, Allah I statesPurification is a very important matter in Islam. “Truly, AllahOne must purify their intention for Allah alone loves those whoand purify their bodies and clothes before turn unto Him inbeginning the Prayer. repentance and He loves those whoHygiene and cleanliness are very important purify themselves”aspects of a Muslim’s life. One must ensure that (Al-Baqarah: 222)their bodies, clothing and place of prayer is freefrom impurities such as urine, faeces and anyother impure substances. After going to thetoilet, it is recommended to wash the privateparts with water if it is available and does notcause harm (due to injury for example). The Prophet rIt is obligatory to have a full shower known said:as Ghusl after intimate relations between the “Actions are onlyhusband and wife, after ejaculation (due to a wet by intentions anddream, for example), and upon completion of a every man haswoman’s menses or post-natal bleeding. only that which he intended …”INTENTION – NIYYAHAll actions in Islam require a clear intentionbefore performing the act, with the action to beperformed purely for the sake of Allah.The place of the intention is the heart.

8ABLUTION – WUDU’

9THE IMPORTANCE OF WUDU’The Prophet Muhammad r said: “The Salah (prayer) of anyone ofyou who has invalidated his purification, is not accepted unless hemakes wudu.” (Bukhari)THE VIRTUES OF WUDU’The Prophet Muhammad r said: “When the Muslim or believingservant performs ablution and washes his face, each sin he hascommitted by his eyes washes away with the water. When he washeshis hands, each sin his hands have committed washes away with thewater – or with the last drop of water until he becomes free of sin.”(Malik and others).BEFORE DOING WUDU’ 1 Go to the toilet first (if required). You should use the toilet and then wash the private parts before performing wudu’. 2 It is good practice to clean the teeth with siwak (tooth-stick) or a toothbrush before performing wudu’ as taught by the Prophet Muhammad r. 3 Before starting the actions of wudu’ it is necessary to make your intention of washing is for the purpose of wudu’ only.

10HOW TO PERFORMWUDU’ (STEP-BY-STEP)THE FOLLOWING STEPS MUST BE OBSERVED IN ORDER (TARTEEB). STEP 1 BEFORE WUDU’ Intention of making wudu’ should be done in the heart, then say: Bismillah In the name of Allah STEP 2 x3 Completely washing the hands including the wrists and between the fingers (3 times).

11STEP 3 x3 Rinse the mouth (3 times). Using the right hand, put a small amount of water into the mouth, swirl around, then expel.STEP 4 x3 Sniff water into the nostrils as far as possible with the right hand, and then sniff it out with left hand (3 times).STEP 5 x3 Wash the face from forehead to chin, left earlobe to the right earlobe making sure the whole face is washed (3 times).

12 STEP 6 x3Wash the two arms up to andincluding the elbows, hand andbetween the fingers. Begin withthe right arm (3 times for eacharm). STEP 7 x1Wipe the head with wetfingers starting at the fringeto the back hairline andback the same way all in onemovement. (once only) STEP 8 x1Simultaneously wipe theinsides of both ears with theindex fingers, and the backof the ears with the thumbs(once only).

13 STEP 9 x3Wash the feet including theankles and between the toes.Begin with the right foot.(3 times for each foot). STEP 10 Ash-hadu anllaa ilaaha illallaah wa ash-hadu anna Muhammadan ‘abduhu wa rasooluh I bear witness that there is no God worthy of worship except Allah. And I bear witness that Muhammad is His slave and Messenger. Allahuma ij-’alnee minat-tawabeen waj-’alnee minal-mutatahireen Oh Allah, make me among those who turn in repentance to you and make me among those who purify themselves.

14 The Prophet AL-MASAH (WIPING) Muhammad r Wiping over leather (thick) socks with said: “Whoever wet hands instead of washing the feet performs Wudu’ is allowed, provided that the socks have well then says, been put on after performing (the mentioned ablution, including washing the feet. supplication); the eight gates This is allowed for 24 hours from the of Paradise will time of ablution, and for 3 days if the be opened for person is travelling on a journey. After him to enter this time, the feet must be washed through any when performing wudu’ and the period one he wills.” of al-masah (wiping) is restarted. (Muslim) Similarly if there is a wound in any parts of the body which has to be washed in ablution, and if washing that particular part is likely to cause harm, it is permis- sible to wipe the dressing of the wound with a wet hand.

15ACTIONS THAT NULLIFY WUDU’ Note: A menstruatingWudu’ is broken and must be redone before or post natalpraying if any of the following acts occur: woman must not pray as long as1. Passing wind. blood is visible.2. Passing urine or faeces. Her missed3. Deep sleep, whereby one loses awareness. prayers do not4. Unconsciousness or intoxication. have to be made5. Touching the private parts with the hand and up.fingers without a barrier.6. Intimate relations between husband andwife or ejaculation (due to a wet dream, forexample). A full shower known as Ghusl isrequired in this situation.If a person forgets whether they have nullifiedtheir wudu’ or not, then their wudu’ is NOTnullified (regardless of whether the person ispraying or not) until they are certain that theyhave nullified their ablution through one of theacts listed above.

16PRAYER – SALAAT

17BEFORE YOU BEGIN THE PRAYER:Before you begin the prayer, you must ensure you fulfill thefollowing requirements (where possible): 1 Wearing the correct clothing. A man must cover the front and back of his body between his navel and knees, as well as both his shoulders when praying. The garments must be loose and non-transparent. A woman must cover her entire body, except for her hands and face. The garments must be loose and non-transparent. 2 Ensuring body, clothing, and place of prayer is free from impurities. 3 Being in a state of purity. i.e. to have Wudu’ (Ablution) The Prophet r said: “Allah does not accept prayer with out purity.” (Muslim) 4 The time for the prayer has started. Allah I says: “Verily, the prayer is enjoined on the believers at fixed times.” 5 Facing the Qiblah - Direction of the Ka’bah. Where ever a Muslim is in the world, they must face towards Makkah for prayer. There are special compasses designed to help you find the Qiblah direction. 6 Praying towards some sort of partition (Sutrah) when alone and in an open area.

18HOW TO PERFORM SALAH(STEP-BY-STEP)PERFORMING THE FIRST RAK’AH (UNIT) OF PRAYER.After facing the Qiblah, the person should make their intention about theparticular obligatory or optional prayer they intend to perform. STEP 1 In the standing position, raise both hands so that your finger tips are in line with the shoulders or ears. Your palms should be facing outward. Then say: Allaahu Akbar Allah is Greatest STEP 2 Place your hands on your chest, with the right hand over the left. Then say: A’oothu billaahi minash-shaytanir-rajeem I seek refuge with Allah from Satan the accursed

19STEP 3 1 Bismillaahir-rahmaanir-raheem In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful 2 Al-hamdu lillaahi rabbil ‘aalameen Praise be to Allah the Lord of the Worlds 3 Ar-rahmaanir-raheem The Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful 4 Maaliki yawmiddeen Master of the Day of Judgement 5 Iyyaaka na’budu wa iyyaaka nasta’een You alone we worship and in You alone we seek help 6 Ihdinas-siraatal mustaqeem Guide us to the straight path

20 STEP 3 CONTINUED 7 Siratallatheena an’amta ‘alayhim The way of those whom You have favoured Ghayril maghdoobi ‘alayhim Not the way of those who have earned Your anger Waladdaalleen Nor of those who have gone astray Aameen Oh Allah answer our prayer! STEP 4 Recite another chapter from the Qur’an if this is the 1st or 2nd Rak’ah (Unit). Refer to the end of this booklet for some short chapters from the Qur’an. In the 3rd and 4th Rak’ah (Unit), only recitation of the Fatiha is required.

21 STEP 5 In the standing position, raise both hands as in Step 1. Then say: Allaahu Akbar Allah is Greatest STEP 6You should now be in the bowing (rukoo’) position. x3 Say this 3 times Subhaana rabbiyal ‘atheem Glory be to my Lord the Supreme STEP 7 As you are coming up say:Next, come upfrom the bowingposition into thestanding position. Sami’-Allaahu liman hamidah Allah listens to the one who praises him

22 STEP 8 In this position say: Now you should be in the standing position with your hands by your sides. Rabbanaa wa lakal hamd Our Lord, and to You belongs the praise STEP 9 Next you go into the prostration (sujood) position as described Allaahu Akbar below. Allah is Greatest As you go into this position say:Important: In the prostration position (sujood), ensure:1. The nose and forehead are touching the ground2. The two palms are on the floor with fingers together3. The two knees are on the floor4. The toes of both feet are upright and not laying flat on the floor In the sujood position say the following 3 times: x3 Subhaana rabbiyal ‘alaa Glory be to my Lord Most High

23STEP 10 Allaahu AkbarNext you come up into the Allah is Greatestsitting position, saying:In this position, sit on the In the sitting positionleft thigh, with the left foot say the following (3 times):along the ground andthe right foot upright. The x3toes of the right foot should Rabbighfirleebe facing the Qiblah and Oh Allah, forgive methe hands should be placedof the knees.STEP 11Next you go into the prostration (sujood) position for a second time asdescribed in step 9. As you go into this position say: Allaahu Akbar In the sujood position say the Allah is Greatest following 3 times: x3 Subhaana rabbiyal ‘alaa Glory be to my Lord Most High The first unit is now complete. Now you should complete the second/final rak’ah (unit).

24PERFORMING THESECOND OR FINALRAK’AH (UNIT) OFPRAYER. STEP 1 Stand up from the prostrating or sitting position Allaahu Akbar As you are Allah is Greatest coming up say: STEP 2 Repeat steps 3 to step 11 from the first Rak’ah (unit) of prayer.

25 After step 11 say: Allaahu Akbar Allah is Greatest Then go into the sitting position. At this point raise your index finger on your right hand.STEP 3 CONTINUED Now recite the following: 1 Attahiyyaatu lilaahi wassalawaatu wattayyibaatu All compliments, prayers and pure words are due to Allah 2 assalaamu ‘alayka ay-yuhan-nabiyyu Peace be upon you Oh Prophet 3 wa rahmatullaahi wabarakaatuh And the mercy of Allah and His blessings

26 STEP 3 CONTINUED 4 6 7

28COMPLETING THEPRAYER. 1 Allahumma salli ‘ala Muhammad STEP 1 Oh Allah, send prayers upon Muhammad 2 wa ‘ala aali Muhammad and upon the family of Muhammad 3 kamaa salyta ‘ala Ibraheem as You sent prayers upon Ibrahim 4 wa ‘ala aali Ibraheem and upon the family of Ibrahim 5 innaka hameedun Majeed indeed You are praiseworthy, Most glorious

29STEP 1 CONTINUED 6 wa baarik ‘alaa Muhammad and send Your blessings upon Muhammad 7 wa ‘alaa aali Muhammad and upon the family of Muhammad 8 kamaa baarakta ‘alaa Ibraheem as You sent prayers upon Ibrahim 9 wa ‘alaa aali Ibraheem and upon the family of Ibrahim 10 innaka hameedun Majeed indeed You are praiseworthy, Most glorious

30Upon completion of the Tashahhud and the words that follow,the prayer is finished with the Tasleem by doing the following: Turn your head to the right and say: Assalaamu ‘alaykum wa rahmatullah May Allah’s peace and mercy be upon you Turn your head to the left and say: Assalaamu ‘alaykum wa rahmatullah May Allah’s peace and mercy be upon you

31The Salah (Prayer) is now complete.It is recommended to make supplication after the completionof the prayer, and pray any sunnah prayers (where applicable). x33 x33 x34 Subhaan Allah Al-hamdu lillah Allahu Akbar Glory be to Allah Praise be to Allah Allah is the greatest

32 SHORT QUR’ANIC CHAPTERS (SOORAH) Any of the following chapter may be recited after Suratul Faatihah in the first two Rak’ah (units) of the prayer. SOORATUL KAWTHAR [108] Bismillaahir-rohmaanir-raheem In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful 1 Innaa a’ataynaakal kawthar Indeed, We have granted you, [Oh Muhammad], al-Kawthar 2 Fasalli lirabika wanhar So pray to your Lord and sacrifice [for Him alone] 3 Inna shaani’aka huwal abtar Indeed your enemy is the one cut off.

33 SOORATUL IKHLAAS [112] Bismillaahir-rohmaanir-raheem In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful1 Qul huwallaahu ahad Say: He is Allah, (The) One2 Allaahussamad Allah, the eternal Refuge {the one sought in times of difficulty and need}3 Lam yalid walam yoolad He neither begets, nor is He born4 Walam yakullahu kufuwan ahad nor is there to Him any equivalent

34 SOORATUL FALAQ [113] Bismillaahir-rohmaanir-raheem In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful 1 Qul a’oothu birabbil falaq Say: I seek refuge with the Lord of the daybreak 2 Min sharri maa khalaq from the evil of what He has created 3 Wamin sharri ghasiqin ithaa waqab and from the evil of the darkening (night) as it comes with its darkness 4 Wamin sharrin-naffaathaati fil’uqad and from the evil of the witchcraft when they blow in the knots 5 Wamin sharri haasidin ithaa hasad and from the evil of the envier when he envies

35 SOORATUL ANNAAS [114] Bismillaahir-rohmaanir-raheem In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful1 Qul a’oothu birabbinnas Say: I seek refuge with the Lord of Mankind2 Malikinnas The King of Mankind3 Ilaahinnas The God of Mankind4 Min sharril waswaasil khanaas From the evil of the whisperer who withdraws (when one re- members Allah)5 Allathee yuwaswisu fee sudoorinnaas Who whispers in the breasts of mankind6 Minal jinnati wannas From among the jinn and mankind

36NOTES

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