Falk von bornstaedt networks perspectives and analysis in the future internet - seserv se workshop june 2012

Networks: Perspectives and Analysis in the FutureInternetSocio-Economic Deutsche Telekom, Brussels, June 20th, 2012. FutureDr. Falk von Bornstaedt, Certainties and Change for theInternet 2.11.2011 1

Understanding QoS.

Title.Subtitle.I pay 13€for WLAN in the hotel … and get only 2MByte in 40 minutes 3

So I watch thecity panorama.No QoS either - only fog! 4

In air travel, we arespending 1000s of € to get better quality. 5

But we do not have asimilar option for the Internet! 6

That‘s how we like it: NO CONGESTION! 7

But the reality is often more like this!Solution? Add some lanes! 8

Well, are you surethat many lanes will indeed solve the problem? 9 wzfvb

24 lanes willdefinitely solve the problem! wzfvb

The Need for QoS.

QoS becomes increasingly important for the Internet.Example: sea-cable interruptions. Taiwan, Alexandria, 12/2006 1/2008 3 sea cables broke. Egypt lost 90% of March 05, 2010, TMCnet its internet Four Undersea Cables Damaged as a Result of Thursdays Earthquake in Taiwan At least four undersea fiber-optic telecommunications cables were damaged as a result of the 6.4-magnitude earthquake and aftershocks that rocked Taiwan on Sicily, Thursday. 12/2008 Source: Renesys, et. al. 12 wzfvb

Internet traffic is growing rapidly. Real Time Entertainmentdriving up network costs.Growth of Evening peak drives network cost. §  traffic growth ca.50% YoY, constant network upgrades needed §  QoS helps Telcos to achieve higher network utilization §  Real-Time Entertainment = primary driver of network capacity requirements, accounting for 60% of peak downstream traffic. §  Subscriber usage is becoming increasingly concentrated in a smaller band of the evening, driving up network costs. (source: Sandvine) 13 wzfvb

A typical daily traffic profile shows severe variations. Movingelastic traffic into the off-peak periods can significantly reducecost. Can the peak be moved? 14 wzfvb

Examples for elastic and inelastic services. Elastic InelasticCommunication services §  Instant messaging §  VoIP solutions §  E-cards §  Web conferencing systems §  Internet surfing §  Video chat §  Online address book §  Unified communication Money/goods transfer §  Online booking and reservations §  Internet auctions §  Online shopping search and cataloguing §  Online market place (stock, trade platforms...) §  Online banking: basic (not time critical) payment Video based and Basic VoD (if sufficient bandwidth available) §  All kind of IPTV business models (traditional, §  streaming services Internet radio: download (on demand) based services §  over the top TV,...) (e.g., audio files of former radio programmes) Web 2.0 applications §  Blogging §  Live video streaming (user generated) §  Online social networking/ communities §  File/photo sharing or photo streaming §  Online voting IT world/business §  Basic CRM, ERP etc. services if sufficient bandwidth §  Cloud Computing/SaaS: Web services for applications available: no demand in interactivity or other “inelastic” developers, business collaboration applications, features desktop applications, ERP, virtual office, virtual data §  Security: Online back up/storage centre §  Telemetry: location-based services, city maps/guides §  Online recovery & storage services Gaming § Online games: basic single player web-based games or §  MMO (massive multiplayer online games) life-simulation games (e.g. The Second Life, The Sims) Non IT/telecom related §  E-Government: online voting and information download §  First aid booths (with video phone, tele-metering) content §  E-health: News/information download or broadcast §  Medical data exchange §  E-Learning: Digital libraries (e-book/digital magazine) §  Online academic and research networks §  Online directories, job search, news 15 wzfvb

Defining “QoS”. wzfvb

Quality of Service (QoS) vs. Quality of Experience(QoE).User and provider perspectives. Content User Service creation Service consumption System / Quality elements Quality elements Service Quality of Service (QoS) Quality of Experience (QoE) §  QoS helps to guarantee certain characteristics of network and service performance, e.g., bandwidth, maximum delay. §  For the user, however, only the perceived Quality (QoE) counts ð Provisioning of QoE instead of QoS desirable ð Prediction and Modelling of QoE is necessary 17 wzfvb

Quality of Experience (QoE).Proposed definitions. ITU-T Rec. P.10 (2007): Quality of Experience (QoE): “The overall acceptability of an application or service, as perceived subjectively by the end user.” §  Includes the complete end-to-end system effects §  May be influenced by user expectations and context Dagstuhl Seminar "From Quality of Service to Quality of Experience“ (2009) Quality of Experience (QoE): “Degree of delight of the user of a service. In the context of communication services, it is influenced by content, network, device, application, user expectations and goals, and context of use.” ITU-T Rec. E.800, 1994 Quality of Service (QoS): "The collective effect of objective service performance which ultimately determines the degree of satisfaction of a user of the service.“ 18 wzfvb

Innovation in video streaming is just one example to show thatany static definition or regulation of QoS is soon overtaken byreality. Innovation impacts QoS “Trends” §  Video on mobile devices become daily life service, supporting HD and 3D TV §  Further dimensions like 3D and holography, new applications like FreeViewpointTV Mbit/s §  Hi-Resolution screen already in the 500,0500 market (e.g. iPhone 4G), Micro 50,050 projectors coming40 by 2018 “Consequence" 30,0 §  Innovations and digitization give30 Factor 222 by 2014 rise to new technologies/20 applications, whose QoS demands Factor 4,4 12,0 cannot be forecasted accurately10 8,0 6,0 §  QoS parameters like bandwidth, 4,0 0,7 1,0 1,1 0 0,2 delay, jitter and packetcan guarantee QoS Enablers loss can only MobileT MobileH YouTubeH Mobile S PC H HD2 HD4 3DH Holograph be predicted at clusterfor inelastic network performance levels with V D D 3D D Cloud Gaming D k k D ic imprecision services, which in turn real-time IP Mobile handset resolution TV full HD resolution improves QoE 19 wzfvb

Telcos can offer QoS guarantees. wzfvb

IPX – distribute and receive all applications acrossdifferent provider networks. Prepare for the next dimension of all-IP communications Content Mobile provider operator Internet Streaming Streaming Game Hosting Applications, RCSe = Rich Communication SuiteSeamless service (enhanced) Guaranteedacross allprovider networks IP eXchange (IPX) end-to-end QoS for all services Internet Voice Streaming Data Applications Voice Mobile ISP Fixed MMS operator voice carrier Gaming 21

From a large variety of Telco’s Internet-related assets,Quality of Service (QoS) can be a significant one. Top-level View Content Commerce Communication Enabler-based Service Service Creation & Service Service Delivery Exposure Composition Execution … Application Enablers Network Enablers Network- Address Book Presence Recom- and Location mendation Enabler Portfolio Session Control Distribution Control based Authenticatio Personal (exemplary) Network Network- n Search Calendar based QoS Mgmt Storage … Presence Messaging … Social Media Identity Device Hosting Charging Billing Network Storage Mgmt. Location Camera Contacts Services Services Services Identity User Profile Web Content Web Web Widget Device Remote Management Management Payment … Services Commerce Communicati on … Management Status Device Management … IT Enablers Web Enablers Terminal Enablers 22 wzfvb

“Cloud Computing” comprises SaaS, PaaS , IaaSamong others.SaaS - Software-as-a- PaaS - Platform-as-a- IaaS - Infrastructure-as-a-Service Service Service§  Customer Web §  Functional services §  Virtual machines Applications §  Industry-specific §  Database abstraction§  Enterprise Web §  Application hosting Applications §  Computation services “Cloud Computing” refers to services which offer on-demand access based on infrastructure owned and operated by 3rd parties. 23 wzfvb

Cloud Services also require cross-carrier QoS to spanproduction, delivery and consumption domains. Production Delivery Consumption Software/Platforms QoS is determined by each component Wireless Smartphone and through their interplay. loss Pa cket Ban dwid Com ss put t lo th P acke e Ban Jitter Me mory dwid th Network Jitter Data centre – Content Delivery Network – the Cloud Network Quality of Service Home Browser device 24 wzfvb

Potential for Cloud QoS management exists across production,delivery and consumption domains. However, Telcos cansignificantly impact delivery domain through QoS management. Production §  Optimize the software architecture for delivery from the cloud, enabling global distribution and thereby faster delivery. §  Set up data centers so that computing resources can be provisioned and combined in a flexible way. Thereby, resources are available to web applications as needed, reducing bottlenecks. §  Create content/application delivery networks adapted to Cloud offerings. Delivery §  Offer interface for web applications to set network QoS parameters. This specifically involves QoS handover at peering points, QoS management for the last mile and QoS management in radio cells. §  Transcode content for mobile consumption, e.g. video transcoding for YouTube. Consumption §  Optimize smart phone operating systems for business requirements, enable them to manage network QoS. §  Speed up web browsers (not Telco business). 25 wzfvb

Concept of inter-carrier Quality of Service. QoS regime Internet regime QoS interconnection Possible Bottleneck Alternative network Deutsche Telekom Alternative network Class A Class B Class C Best Effort Company Connect QoS 26

QoS support mechanisms – a comparison. Over-provisioning DiffServ IntServ §  Carriers have to invest §  Every package §  Every connection gets in their networks includes a quality a quality class frequently class §  No differentiation §  Needs a lot of §  Differentiated services between services resources §  Good scalability §  Easy to implement §  Not a solution for §  Better guarantee than §  High overhead cases like broken sea over-provisioning cables §  Seems to get the standard 27 wzfvb

Will QoS work in multi-carrier scenarios? payment no payment, no quality? paymentContent NB NA NC Paid relationship: Unpaid End user Receiver of money relationship: no „eyeball“ will guarantee SLA for quality quality 28

EU project: Economics and Technologies for Inter-Carrier Services (ETICS). ETICS in a nutshell§  3 Years: Jan. 2010 – Dec. 2012§  Consortium: §  17 partners incl. technical experts and economists §  6 EU Operators, 5 vendors, 6 acad.§  Advisory Panel: §  Other members of the value Chain: Vendor (Juniper), IT/ cloud infrastructure provider (Oxalya), Application Content Provider (Akamaï), Bill Norton (Dr. Peering)§  Participation of Deutsche Main participants of EU-project ETICS:: Operators: BT, Deutsche Telekom (T-Labs & International Wholesale), Orange Labs, Telekom: Telefonica I&D, Telenor §  ICSS Equipment-vendors: Alcatel-Lucent Bell Labs France (project lead), Alcatel-Lucent §  Telekom Innovation Italy R&D Institutes: Forschungszentrum Telekommunikation Wien, Israel Institute of Laboratories Technology Universities: Politecnico di Milano, Athens University of Economics and Business, Université de Versailles wzfvb

Economics and Technologies for Inter-CarrierServices (ETICS). Lost opportunities through current situation Network: §  Assured Service Quality not supported due to lack of Undifferentiated Best Effort service E2E QoS agreements and business models. No Sustainable Business Model No way to guaranty §  Uncertainty regarding strategies for new inter- QoS-sensitive (higher revenue) services provider HQ services, QoS-differentiation and the economics of future options. ETICS objectives§  Propose new business, regulatory, pricing and accounting models for network interconnection services: §  Enabling the delivery of end-to-end multi-carrier network services supporting service differentiation. §  Allowing for a fair distribution of revenue shares among all the actors of the service delivery value-chain.§  Develop technical solutions to enforce the business QoS interconnect agreements on heterogeneous networks: §  Dynamic provisioning/configuration of network resources to provide soft & hard QoS assurance across carriers. §  SLA assurance processes to monitor contracts. §  Overall automated processes to ease the deployment of services.§  Experiment and test the feasibility of new interconnection models on lab platforms: §  Field Trials. §  Dissemination of the new proposed architectures and protocols toward standard bodies. wzfvb

ETICS Ecosystem. SLA Request ETICS ETICS Customer N offers community (NSP, end user, Infsp…) NSP NSP Order A B ETICS architecture framework§  ETICS community: Set of Network Service Providers (NSP) that support the ETICS architecture.§  Each NSP provides assured service quality (ASQ) connectivity products.§  A final ETICS community connectivity offer results from the stitching or the combination of per-NSP products.§  ETICS community customers can be: §  Network service providers §  End customer / business customer §  Content / Information service providers (e.g. OTTs) wzfvb

Summary and Conclusions. Traffic Explosion and Price Decrease will continue§  TrafficOld world in fixed and even more in mobile, driven by explosion video§  Over-provisioning will become very costly with flat end user revenues§  Congestion needs to be managed§  Today’s internet discriminates against quality sensitive services§  QoS becoming more and more important Smart networks needed§  New and better services will emerge with QoS enabled networks§  Intra-Carrier QoS already existing at many networks§  Inter-Carrier QoS very challenging, expected within the next year§  End-to-End QoS is the final goal 32 wzfvb

Falk von bornstaedt networks perspectives and analysis in the future internet - seserv se workshop june 2012

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