Getting to Carbon Zero presentation from LDI.

1. The Holy Grail of Sustainability
Thursday, October 27, 2011

2. Charlie Deull, Co-Chairman of The Broadway
Green Alliance
Sian Alexander, Associate Director, Julie’s
Bicycle
Katie Oman, LEED AP, Fisher Dachs
Associates
Robert Usdin, LEED AP, President, Showman
Fabricators

4. B
RC ON
C A D ar
i b
ox on
(C id
tr ic
O2 e
) e
M nes
bal
Glo
ing TONS Ton
rm
Wa tial Greenhouse
Po t en
P) Gasses
( GW

5. Carbon:
◦ A Solid in our Atmosphere not a gas
◦ Contained in all living matter
◦ Forms CO2 when burned
Carbon Dioxide:
◦ Usually a gas in our Atmosphere (except Dry Ice)
◦ Approximately 3% of Atmosphere

6. •Metric ton of CO2 which is 2,204
pounds.
•Mr. Ames and his 9th grade physics
students Cohasset High School in
Cohasset, MA
•27 feet wide by 27 feet high by 27
feet deep

7. •Via Marcus Fairs at Dezeen:
•Artist Alfio Bonanno
•Architect Christophe Cornubert
•The volume of a metric tonne of CO2
(1.1 short tons)
•The amount an average person
produces in a month
•A giant four-sided video projector
floating on the lake in front of
Copenhagen's Tycho Brahe Planetarium
•Convention on Climate Change.

8. Gelvin Stevenson, Ph.D.,
One ton equal 2,000 Director of the NY Energy and
pounds. Environmental Funders and
Adjunct Professor of
The density of CO2 is Environmental Economics at
0.1234 pounds per cubic Pratt Institute.
foot.
One pound of CO2 fills
about 8.1 cubic feet of
space.
2,000 pounds of CO2 fill
about 16,200 cubic feet.
That 16,200 cubic feet is
about 25.3 feet on each
side.

9. 35
Toyota
Camrys

10. Global Warming Potentials
(GWPs) measure the
relative effectiveness of GHGs
in trapping the
Earth’s heat. For example, the
GWP of Methane is
21, indicating that its radiative
effect on a mass
basis is 21 times as powerful
as CO2 over the same time
horizon.

11. Global anthropogenic greenhouse gas
emissions broken down into 8 different
sectors for the year 2000.

14. Getting to Carbon Zero
LDI 2011
27 October 2011
Sian Alexander
Associate Director, Theatre, Julie’s Bicycle

15. A coalition of music, theatre Sector-specific research
and scientific experts Industry Green certification
catalysing change across
the creative industries. Industry Green Tools
Energy management
Resources
Support
Training
Networks
Events
www.juliesbicycle.com

16. Carbon Calculators
• Why use them?
• How and when?
• What’s useful and what isn’t?
• What’s available?

17. Carbon Calculators
• www.americanforests.org
• www.nativeenergy.com
• www.energystar.com
• www.juliesbicycle.com
• www.smeasure.com

18. Native Energy

19. Energy Star

20. Industry Green
Julie’s Bicycle developed
and industry-tested
Voluntary reporting
Long term carbon
emissions reduction
Transparency and
accountability
Market transformation of
the supply chain

21. IG Tools www.juliesbicycle.com
Venues
Tours
Offices
Festivals
Touring Tool:
Production
Page

22. Climate Impacts of Touring
Tour Leg
Dates
DV8
US
Oct - Dec 2009
Touring Tool
Scale Middle
Performances 15
People 16 • US Tour
Hotel room nights 560
Flights - one way 80
Ground travel - Next Steps for Climate Action
Trucks 1 1. COMMIT
Work with your tour team to consider
• Analysis of
Total GHG emissions
GHG emissions/performance
98 tonnes CO 2e
6.5 tonnes CO 2e
environmental impacts and look for areas
of improvement.
2. UNDERSTAND
freight, flights,
Environmental cost £5,096
1 tonne = 1,000 kg; 11 tonnes CO2e = UK per capita emissions
Environmental cost for GHG emissions is set as £52/ tonne CO2e
Use Julie’s Bicycle Industry Green online
tour tool to scope & measure the
GHG emissions of your tours (it is free!).
ground travel,
Total GHG Emissions, 98 tonnes CO2e
Hotel
3. IMPROVE
Ask suppliers for efficient technologies;
use a green rider with venues; provide
hotels
18% training to team to reduce energy use; &
minimize the amount of equipment being
transported.
Freight
53%
• Total emissions
Flights 4. COMMUNICATE
29% Tell your team, colleagues, suppliers &
audiences what you are doing & why you
are doing it.
We would very much like to thank you for contributing your tour data to the
and emissions
Moving Arts study (downloadable from our website). We are now working with the performing arts
sector to take forward the recommendations of the study. If you would like support in reducing the
climate impacts of your tours please do get in touch:
www.juliesbicycle.com, t. +44 (0)207 379 6886
per performance
We thank our funder for supporting the research:

23. www.smeasure.org.uk

24. New Carbon Budgeting Tool
•Research Project to support the
show From Thine Eyes
•Use the efforts in this show to
create a streamlined tool that
measures fiscal and carbon budget
at the same time
•This project builds upon the
ratings system, materials
descriptions and presentation of
Mo`olelo's Green Theater Choices
Toolkit created by Mo`olelo
Performing Arts Company
(www.moolelo.net) and Brown and Signal
Williams Environmental, LLC Theatre
(www.bw‐environmental.com)

25. Sian Alexander
Associate Director, Theatre
sian@juliesbicycle.com
www.juliesbicycle.com

26. Entertaining with Carbon
What we do and how it contributes
Getting to Carbon Zero LDI 2011

27. Sources of CO2 Emissions

28. Transportation

29. Transportation

30. Buildings

31. Buildings
source: usgbc.org

32. Buildings

33. Buildings
source: GGLO and Magnusson Klemencic Associates,
Seattle

34. Operations

35. Operations

36. Operations

37. Stage Operations!

38. Stage Operations!
Let’s talk about electricity.

39. Electricity
http://oaspub.epa.gov/powpro/ept_pack.utility

40. Sources of CO2 Emissions
http://oaspub.epa.gov/powpro/ept_pack.utility

41. Sources of CO2 Emissions

42. Sources of CO2 Emissions
+ =

43. Understanding
Carbon Offsets
www.BroadwayGreen.com or text BGA to 99222

44. What Is a Carbon Offset?
An activity that reduces the emissions of
greenhouses gases (GHG) or stores GHG
permanently.
Projects that reduce emissions directly:
capture and destruction of agricultural,
landfill, and coal bed methane
Projects that reduce emissions
indirectly: renewable energy and
efficiency
Projects that store GHG: forestry and
land‐use

45. What Is a Renewable Energy
Credit/Certificate (REC)?
Renewable facilities produce two commodities
Environmental
REC attributes/ability to
claim attributes
Electricity 1 mWh generic
power
RECs allow one to sell the value of renewable energy
without the temporal or geographic constraints that
limit electricity

46. When is a REC really an offset?
Additionality:
Essentially, additionality means the project was
developed “for the purpose of reducing GHG” and
not “business as usual”

47. Requirements of an offset
1. Real
2. Measurable
3. Permanent
4. Additional
5. Independently verified
6. Sold once

48. “High‐quality offsets”
The Leading Standards
CDM (financial)
Voluntary Carbon Standard (no financial)
Climate Action Registry (no financial)
Gold Standard (financial)
Climate Leaders (no financial)

49. Offset Project Types
Voluntary Offsets 2006 Voluntary Offsets 2007
3%
9%
Forestry 2% 6% 18% Forestry
20% 36% Renewables Renewables
5%
Methane 15% Methane
Efficiency
3% Efficiency
33% 33%
Industrial Gases
17% Industrial
Mixed Gases
Source: State of the Voluntary Carbon Market 2007 Ecosystems Marketplace * restated

50. Key Points about offsets/Controversy
3 principal criticisms:
Offsets can be used as license to generate carbon
Certain offsets are not “additional”
Calculated amounts include projected saving
Real opportunity =
Reduce AND offset
Not reduce OR offset
Not reduce THEN offset

51. NativeEnergy’s Help Build™ Model
NativeEnergy’s Help Build™ carbon offsets help
fund the construction of new carbon reduction
projects.
Projects deliver strong environmental and social
benefits.
Project types include community‐based wind, farm
methane, solar, biomass, landfill gas, and more.
All projects are validated and all offsets are verified
to the leading standards.

54. Case Study: Gerding Theatre

55. Case Study: Gerding Theatre
image & info courtesy GBD Architects
The Greener Facility: Beyond LEED LDI 2011

56. 30% of power from the sun; 70% purchased through green power program

60. CO2 for
Broadway
Theatres
www.BroadwayGreen.com or text BGA to 99222

61. Conversion Factors for Broadway CO2 Calcs
(lbs of CO2 per
Electricity Emissions Rate 0.907
kWh)
Transmission and Distribution (percent kWh
0.92
Loss received)
Natural Gas Emissions Factor 0.12059 (lbs of CO2 per ft3)
Steam to Btu conversion (btu per lb of
1,687
coefficient Steam)
Btu to lbs of CO2 conversion
76.478 (lbs of CO2 per Btu)
coefficient
www.BroadwayGreen.com or text BGA to 99222

62. Estimated Broadway Footprint
Heat and electricity represent the bulk of the footprint of a
Broadway show
Average Broadway Theatre Generates
400‐ 500 tons / year
from heat and electricity
Total CO2 Estimate for all Broadway Theatres (40 total) =
16,000 to 20,000 tons for heat / electricity
www.BroadwayGreen.com or text BGA to 99222

63. Broadway Marquee Lights
The switch to greener
outside and marquee
lighting alone is saving
approximately 700
tons/year

64. Getting to Carbon Zero
UK Case Studies
27 October 2011
Sian Alexander
Associate Director, Theatre, Julie’s Bicycle

65. Sage Gateshead
• Dedicated Green Team
• Switch to LEDs
• Better control of heating and cooling
• Better air-con filters
• Switch off campaign
• 44% reduction in elec, 28% in gas
• Electric car charging point and bike racks

66. Glyndebourne
• Boilers replaced
• Improved heating and cooling timings
• Lighting updates, motion sensors and timers
• 850kW wind turbine
• Free audience coach

67. Theatre Royal Plymouth
• Saved £10k on water through better urinals, taps & hippos
• Donated old fire hoses to a monkey sanctuary
• all roof lights now LED
• Replaced 750kW 50% efficient boiler with 2 50kW 98%
efficient boilers and a new BMS – 25.5% reduction in gas
• AHU speeds set to 80% - saving 50% of energy
• Considering solar panels

68. Materials - what do we know?
• Royal Court annual 19-68 tonnes CO2e
• Broadway Driving Miss Daisy 18 tonnes CO2e
• Radiohead 2-7 tonnes CO2e
• A Doll’s House Library Theatre 0.7 tonnes
• Tate art crate – hardwood to European softwood

69. Stage Lighting – what do we know?
• ~9% of energy use in a venue?
• Feedback to designers and technicians helps
• LEDs less power + less cooling
• White Light Green Guide
• BBC Low Energy Lighting Guide

70. Conclusions
• Focus on building energy first – boilers, HVAC, LEDs etc

71. Sian Alexander
Associate Director, Theatre
sian@juliesbicycle.com
www.juliesbicycle.com

72. How Green is Your Set?
A Look at the 2010 Broadway Production
of Driving Miss Daisy

74. Set Design:
John Lee Beatty
Model Photos

75. Designer Plan
and Elevations

76. Showman Shop Drawings

77. Unit of
Item Category Quantity Ordered Stocked Unit Total
Measure
Gorrilla Glue 8oz adhesives 4.00 oz 8 32
HY 150 330ml, ea, #00283548 adhesives 6.00 ml 330 1980
Loctite® Black Max 380 Super Glue 1 oz
(28.3G) Bottle, Begins to Harden/90 Seconds, adhesives 1.00 oz 1 1
ea, #74555A65
Connections II Carpet - Onyx color - 12' wide
carpet 1.00 sq yard 22.66 22.66
x 17 yards long -- must be flameproofed.
25oz Black Memorable velour fabric 20.00 yard 1 20
50 yd roll of black duvetyne fabric 1.00 roll 1 1
Black Serge LY fabric 12.00 yard 1 12
Border: 25oz Black Memorable velour, 48’ w x
fabric 1.00 sq yard 85.33 85.33
16’ h, WGT top, PP bottom – NAP DOWN
Extra-Firm White F1 Felt Sheet 1/4" Thick, 12"
fabric 3.00 sf 1 3
X 12", Adhesive Backed, ea, 8334K12
Masking Proscenium Covers: 25oz Black
Memorable velour cover piece, 1 width x 9 fabric 1.00 yard 9 9
yards
Masking Tabs: 25oz Black Memorable velour,
30” w x 20’ h, WGT top, chain bottom – NAP fabric 2.00 sq yard 66.66 133.32
DOWN
Printed Leno Scrim fabric 1.00 sf 1125 1125
Smoke Pocket Flat Covers: 25 oz Black
Memorable velour cover piece, 1 width x 14 fabric 1.00 yard 14 14
yards
SR Leg: 25oz Black Memorable velour, 8’ w x
fabric 1.00 sq yard 26.66 26.66
30’ h, WGT top, chain bottom – NAP DOWN
Sales Order #57399 - Window printing on
plastics 1.00 sf 118 118
lexan

78. The energy consumed in
making materials including:
•Acquisition of Raw
Materials
(Mining / Extracting)
•Processing
•Manufacturing
•Transportation
•Construction

79. Amount of Energy Amount of CO2
used in extracting, produced from the
producing, and energy to produce the
transporting the product
product

80. TOTAL EMBODIED TOTAL EMBODIED ENERGY
MATERIAL UOM
QUANTITY ENERGY (MJ/kg) (MJ)
Adhesives: Epoxide
9.28 kg 137 1,272
Resin
Carpet: PET 18.95 sq meter 108 2,046
Fabric: Cotton 576.26 kg 143 82,405
Hardware: Misc. 227.27 kg 69 15,682
Paint: Solvent 36.36 kg 97 3,527
Paint: Waterborne 370.45 kg 59 21,857
Equivalent # of 3 Bedroom
Paper: Coarse 45.45 kg 24.8 1,127
Plastics: General 8.87 kg 80.5 714
Houses Powered88for 1 Year:
Plastics:
75.09 kg 112.09 8,417
Polycarbonate
Plastics: Resin Based 887.73 kg 78,120
Steel: Bar / Rod
Steel: Pipe / Tube
58.00
357.25
kg
kg
11.6*22.3
25.8
1,293
9,217
Steel: Plate 519.85 kg 33.2 17,259
Steel: Sections *Based
137.27 on US EPA
kg estimates
28.1 3,857
Timber: MDF 236.36 kg 11 2,600
Timber: Plywood 4891.35 kg 15 73,370
Timber: Softwood
1646.35 kg 10.4 17,122
lumber
Timber: Hardboard 102.98 kg 16 1,648
Timber: Hardwood
570.02 kg 10.4 5,928
lumber
Total Materials 10,775 kg 347,462 MJ
96,517 kWh
Shop Energy (Based on Proportional Man Hours of Overall Shop) 6840 kWh
Total Energy for Construction of
103,357 kWh
Set

81. TOTAL EMBODIED CARBON TOTAL EMBODIED
MATERIAL UOM
QUANTITY (kgCO2/kg) CARBON
Adhesives: Epoxide
9 kg 5.7 53
Resin
Carpet: PET 19 sq meter 5.86 111
Fabric: Cotton 576 kg 6.78 3,907
Hardware: Misc. 227 kg 3.73 848
Paint: Solvent 36 kg 3.13 114
Paint: Waterborne 370 kg 2.12 785
Paper: Coarse 45 kg 1.29 59
Plastics: General
Plastics: Polycarbonate
TOTAL EMBODIED CO2:
9
75 kg
kg
6.03
2.73 24
453
Plastics: Resin Based 888 18,129 kg
kg 2.98 2,645
Steel: Bar / Rod
Steel: Pipe / Tube
(18.1 metric tonnes)
58
357
kg
kg
1.82
1.9
106
679
Steel: Plate 520 kg 2.15 1,118
Steel: Sections 137 kg 1.97 270
Timber: MDF 236 kg 0.72 170
Timber: Plywood 4891 kg 1.07 5,234
Timber: Softwood
1646 kg 0.58 955
lumber
Timber: Hardboard 103 kg 1.05 108
Timber: Hardwood
570 kg 0.86 490
lumber
Total Materials 10,775 kg Total Embodied CO2 18,129 kg

82. WOOD

83. Project
Average:
2.87
(weighted )

84. TOTAL RECYCLED
CONTENT:
9.75%

85. and
Enthusiastically Announce
International Green
Theatre Alliance
an alliance of organizations primarily promoting
greener theatre on a national level