Sharing and Open Knowledge and the Future of Scientific Research Hiroaki Kitano The Systems Biology Institute Sony Computer Science Laboratories, Inc.

EGF Receptor Cascade Oda, et al. Molecular Systems Biology, 2005

Architectural Feature Kitano, Nature Reviews Genetics, Nov. 2004

Copyright ©2007 by the National Academy of Sciences Kim, Pan-Jun et al. (2007) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104, 13638-13642 Fig. 1. Characteristics of essential and nonessential metabolites in E. coli metabolism

Ma et al, Molecular Systems Biology, Sept 2007

Bow-Tie Architecture of Wikipedia links Capocci, et al., Phys Rev. E 74, 036116, 2006

EGF Receptor Cascade Oda, et al. Molecular Systems Biology, 2005

Oda, et al. Molecular Systems Biology, 2005

TLR Bow-Tie Structure Oda and Kitano, Molecular Systems Biology, April 2006

低下する製薬産業の生産性

Copyright ©2003 by the National Academy of Sciences Borisy, Alexis A. et al. (2003) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100, 7977-7982 Multicomponent therapeutics that prevent proliferation of fluconazole-resistant C. albicans CombinatoRX (CRXX: NASDAQ) cHTS

Copyright ©2003 by the National Academy of Sciences Borisy, Alexis A. et al. (2003) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100, 7977-7982 Chlorpromazine , an antipsychotic agent, and pentamidine , an antiprotozoal agent, together selectively prevent tumor cell growth in vitro and in vivo Phase 1/2A Stage

Copyright ©2003 by the National Academy of Sciences Borisy, Alexis A. et al. (2003) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100, 7977-7982 Chlorpromazine , an antipsychotic agent, and pentamidine , an antiprotozoal agent, together selectively prevent tumor cell growth in vitro and in vivo Phase 1/2A Stage Efficacy

朝鮮人参の成分分析 Wang, M. et al., Phytother Res. 2005 Mar;19(3):173-82

Open Pharma Combination of Generic compounds to generate highly effective drugs Equivalent efficacy by partial replacement of compounds Value lies in “Combination” rather than compound itself. Toward open source pharmaceutical industry The Rule of the Game Will Change

Combination of Generic compounds to generate highly effective drugs

Equivalent efficacy by partial replacement of compounds

Value lies in “Combination” rather than compound itself.

Toward open source pharmaceutical industry

“ PAYAO” Web 2.0 Community Tagging System to SBML models Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology The Systems Biology Institute

“PAYAO” an artificial floating raft where fish congregate

an artificial floating raft where fish congregate

Payao: Web2.0 Community-Based Biological Knowledge Accumulation System

SBML Models Tagging System Manage Models, Users, Groups Register a model Store models, Tags, Comments Login Users Visitors Model Owner Add Comments Add/Edit Tags to the model View Models with CellDesigner notation Group A Group B *CellDesigner files PAYAO SBML Models Tagging System SBML files

Model View

Model View with Tag Marks

Tag

View a Tag

Add Comments to a Tag

View Comments to a Tag

PubMed ID Link

Healthcare & Wellness Concierge Genome Diagnosis (23 and me) Wellness (India, etc) Personalized & Preventive medicine How to integrate medicine and wellness? Herbal medicine, meditation, etc. Novel Drug Design and Integrated Healthcare Support

Summary Networks are complex but has sort of “design principles” Long tail drug need to be pursued to create more effective drugs Open Pharma may open up a whole new paradigm of drug design, distribution, and services. Open infrastructure is the key for success

Networks are complex but has sort of “design principles”

Long tail drug need to be pursued to create more effective drugs

Open Pharma may open up a whole new paradigm of drug design, distribution, and services.

Open infrastructure is the key for success