these are five Five Teaching Methods/Theories such as Grammar Translation Method and The Series Method. there are pros, cons and Definition of each theory.

1. By: Hussain Al-ghawi 1
Five Teaching Methods/Theories
A. Mini Test One:
Q 1: Give A Definition For These Theories And List Advantage And Disadvantages
1. Grammar Translation Method: is a method of foreign or second language teaching which
uses translation and grammar study as the main teaching and learning activities
A. Pros:
- The first language is the reference system in the learning the second language.
- Translation from one language to another plays a certain part in language learning.
- Comparison between the two languages helps students to have a better understanding of the
meaning of abstract words and complicated sentences.
- Fewer demands on teachers, although it often creates frustration for students.
B. Cons:
- Teaching the structure more than the language.
- Too much emphasis on reading and writing and neglects listening and speaking.
- Texts are mostly taken from literary works.
2. The Series Method: The series method is a variation of the direct method in that experience
are directly connected to the target language
A. Pros:
- Direct teaching without translation
- Lots of oral interaction
- Exclusive focus on the use of target language

2. By: Hussain Al-ghawi 1
B. Cons:
- The method based on one experience of Gouin’s nephew, three-year-old, and it doesn’t
consider main factors that involve in language acquisition, such as environment and age.
- No teaching of grammatical rules and explanation.
- Students learn sentences based on an action, not all meanings in language can be turned into
actions.
3. The Direct Method: A system of teaching a foreign language using only that language and
without emphasis on the study of grammar.
A. Pros:
- Only use the target language in teaching.
- Teachers must be good to apply this method.
- Pronunciation focus
B. Cons:
- Teacher-centered, students remain silent most the class period.
- No grammar teaching.
- Avoidance of the native tongue.
4. The Natural Method: Language teaching methods based on observation how learners acquire
both first and second languages in informal settings.
A. Pros:
- Focus on input
- More communication and less focus on grammar
- Teaching materials are designed very well.

3. By: Hussain Al-ghawi 1
B. Cons:
- No textbooks in this method, the teacher should collect class materials.
- Students cannot use the language accurately.
5. The Communicative Method: It is an approach teach a target language by interactive
situations and activities.
A. Pros:
- Only use the target language in teaching.
- Student-centered.
- Learning strategies not only the target language.
B. Cons:
- Hard to apply in classes of big number of students.
- Workload of the teacher.
- Doesn't work well in multicultural classrooms.