Presentation on introducing the concept of Open Access and the requirements of the Open Access to Research Articles Act for the faculty at the University of Illinois Springfield. Topic covered include what is open access, myths about open access, open access journals, copyright and creative commons as it relates to open access and information on the recently passed open access to research articles act.

1. Open Access & Open Access to
Research Articles Act -
What every faculty author
should know…..
H. Stephen McMinn
Director of Collections and Scholarly
Communications
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2. Discussion Topics
Open Access
 What is it?
 Copyright and Authors
Rights
 Why is it important?
 What’s in it for me?
 What can I do?
Biss Bill – Public Act 098-0295
 Timeline
 Deliverables
 Coverage
 Items to Consider
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3. What is Open Access?
Open Access-Lots of Definitions
“Open-access (OA) literature is digital,
online, free of charge, and free of most
copyright and licensing restrictions.”
Peter Suber*…
(http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/overview.htm )
*Director of the Harvard Open Access project, Faculty Fellow at the Berkman Center for Internet and
Society, and Research Professor of Philosophy at Earlham College
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4. What do we mean by open?
Open & Free to Access and Use
Open to …
Contribution and Participation Granting rights up
front to enable sharing and reuse
Use & Reuse with Few or No Restrictions
Indexing and Machine Readable - Creating
opportunities for new forms of technology
enabled scholarship and data mining
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5. Open Access Is!
 Digital, Online, free of charge, and free of
most copyright and licensing restrictions
 Uses Internet with the consent of the
author and copyright holder
 Compatible with peer review
 Not a type of license but works with
licenses like creative commons
 Not a business model but works with
various models5

6. What is Open Access?
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7. Open Access and Copyright
Open access is built upon authors retaining all
or part of their rights under copyright.
These rights include:
– To publish/distribute work
– To Reproduce/Copy
– Prepare Translations or Derivative Works
– To perform or display the work publicly
– The ability to transfer these rights to others
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8. Open Access and
Copyright/Creative Commons
 Open access is built upon authors retaining
all or part of their initial rights under
copyright law.
 Creative Commons is an easy way to
transfer rights – they allow creators to
communicate which rights they reserve,
and which rights they waive for the benefit
of recipients or other creators.
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9. Why Support
Open Access?
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10. Why Open Access?
 “Information wants to be free!”
 Unsustainable pricing model of scholarly
journals
 Requirements of Funding Agencies – NIH &
Others
 Broken Copyright -- Use & Reuse with Few
or No Restrictions
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11. Why Open Access?
Beliefs of the Academy….
“Open access truly expands shared
knowledge across scientific fields — it is the
best path for accelerating multi-disciplinary
breakthroughs in research."
Open Letter to the US Congress signed by
Nobel Prize winners
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13. Initiatives at the Federal Level
 NIH Public Access Policy
 America Competes Reauthorization Act of
2010
 Increasing Access to the Results of Federally
Funded Scientific Research – Presidential
Policy Memorandum (2/22/13)
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14. NIH Public Access Policy
The NIH Public Access Policy implements Division G, Title II, Section 218 of PL
110-161 (Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2008). The law states:
The Director of the National Institutes of Health shall require that all
investigators funded by the NIH submit or have submitted for them
to the National Library of Medicine’s PubMed Central an electronic
version of their final, peer-reviewed manuscripts upon acceptance
for publication, to be made publicly available no later than 12
months after the official date of publication: Provided, That the NIH
shall implement the public access policy in a manner consistent with
copyright law
NIH Public Access Policy @ http://publicaccess.nih.gov
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15. NIH Rules - In Brief
 NIH-funded research must be made freely
available to the public
 Deposit made publicly available no later
than 12 months after the official date of
publication
 Authors submit an e-copy of their
published articles to NIH PubMed Central
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16. Proposed Legislation
 FASTR - Fair Access to Science and
Technology Research Act
“The FASTR act provides that access because
taxpayer funded research should never be
hidden behind a paywall.”
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17. The Fair Access to Science and
Technology Research Act (FASTR)
 Current bill in Congress
 Requires government agencies with annual
research expenditures greater than $100
million to make electronic manuscripts of
peer-reviewed journal articles based on
their research freely available within six
months of publication
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18. Other Policies and Legislation
 California Bill covering State Agencies &
Contactors – People who receive state
funding
 New York Bill – similar to California
 International Policies and Funding Agencies
Policies
– JULIET from SHERPA
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19. What’s in it for me?
 Ease of Use
– Copyright - Getting Permissions
– Coursepacks/Couse Management
– MOOCs
 Increased Visibility
 Increased Citations
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20. Increased Citations to
Open Access Articles
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21. 27

22. How to Support Open Access
 Publish in Open Access Journals
– Open Access Policies Publishing in Open
Access Journals
 Use Repositories
– Subject Repositories (ArXiv – Physics Archive)
– IDEALS (UI Institutional Repository)
 Support OA Policies
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23. Open Access Journals
Scholarly journals that are available online to
the reader "without financial, legal, or
technical barriers other than those
inseparable from gaining access to the
internet itself.“
Suber, Peter. "Open Access Overview".
http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/overview.htm
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24. Types of Open Access
 “Green” Open Access
Authors publish in any journal and then self-archive a version of the
article for free public use in their institutional repository, in a central
repository (such as PubMed Central), or on some other OA website.
 “Gold” Open Access
Authors publish in an open access journal that provides immediate OA to
all of its articles on the publisher's website.
 Hybrid Open Access
Provide Gold OA only for those individual articles for which their authors
(or their author's institution or funder) pay an OA publishing fee.
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26. Finding Friendly Publishers
 The Romeo/eprints directory provides
information on the self-archiving policy of
journals
– Levels of “openness” in publishers agreements
– www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo/
 DOJA -- Directory of Open Access Journals
– Used to find Open Access Journals
– www.doaj.org
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27. Other Useful Tools
 Sherpa/JULIET – Funders Requirements
– www.sherpa.ac.uk/juliet/
 Scholarly Open Access Blog by Jeffrey Beall
– http://scholarlyoa.com/
 Ask me or Ask a Librarian
– http://libguides.uis.edu/librarians
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28. IDEALS - University of Illinois
Institutional Repository
 IDEALS is the digital repository for research
and scholarship - including published and
unpublished papers, datasets, video and
audio - produced at the University of
Illinois.
 All faculty, staff, and graduate students can
deposit into IDEALS.
(https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/)
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30. 38

31. Biss Bill
Open Access to
Research Articles Act
Illinois Public Act
098-0295
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32. Open Access to Research
Articles Act
 Illinois Public Act 098-0295 passed last fall
by the legislature
 Mandates a Task Force to “consider how
the public university can best further the
open access goals laid out in this Act,”
 By January 1, 2015, each task force shall
adopt a report setting forth its findings and
recommendations.
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33. Requirements of the Act
 These recommendations shall include
“a detailed description of any open access policy
the task force recommends that the public
university or State adopt”
 Plan for Implementation for Public
Universities
 Minority report at request of any member
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34. Key components of open access
policies
 Spells out who has rights to the work
 Provides for a means for authors to deposit
scholarly works
 Provides a waiver or opt-out policy that
may be applied to specific articles
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35. Open Access to Research
Articles Act
 Timeline
 Deliverables
 Coverage
 Items to Consider
 Resources
– IDEALS
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36. Timeline
 Task Force established by January 1, 2014
 Adopt Report: On or Before January 1, 2015
 Open Meeting Requirements –Public notice
of the schedule of regular meetings (date,
place, and time) - Agendas posted 48 hours
in advance of the holding of the meeting
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37. Deliverables
 Detailed Description of Open Access Policy
– University
– State
– Both?
 Plan for Implementation for Public
Universities
 Minority report at request of any member
47

38. Coverage
 Published Research Articles?
 Review current practices – Peer Institutions
and Government
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39. Open Access to Research
Articles Act - Items to Consider
 Academic Freedom
 Copyright Policy
 Reporting -Oversight
& Enforcement
 Cost of Repository
 Potential for
Collaboration
 Potential use of existing
scholarly repositories
 Support for Gold Open
Access (Pros & Cons)
 Academic Discipline
Specific considerations
 Determination of article
version to be made
available
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40. 10th Item to Consider- Who and
What is to be covered in the Policy
Who
 Employees of State
Agencies
 State grant awardees
 Faculty
 Adjunct, Clinical, part
time faculty
What
 Journal articles, and…
 Dissertations
 Conference Materials?
 Laboratory manuals?
 Books?
 Patentable discoveries?
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42. Who Uses Open Access?
Universities that have adopted open
access policies, the physics arXiv has
been in existence for some 20 years,
and NIH has mandated deposit to
PubMed Central since 2008.
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43. Open Access Initiatives at Other
Universities
 University of California
http://osc.universityofcalifornia.edu/openaccesspolicy
 Harvard
https://osc.hul.harvard.edu/policies
 MIT
http://libraries.mit.edu/scholarly/mit-open-
access/open-access-at-mit/mit-open-access-
policy/mit-faculty-open-access-policy-faq/
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44. COAPI
 COAPI (Coalition of Open Access Policy
Institutions) - Currently consists of 45
colleges & universities
 Although many of the members are R1
institutions but some are from small liberal
arts colleges.
 Provosts at all of these institutions have
signed an open letter in support of FASTR.
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45. 6 Myths of Open Access
1. The only way to provide open access to
peer reviewed journal articles is to publish
in open access journals.
2. All or most open access journals charge
publication fees (1/3 OA, ¾ NonOA)
3. Most author side fees are paid by the
authors themselves. (12%)
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46. 6 Myths of Open Access
4. Publishing in a conventional journal closes
the door on making the same work open
access.
5. Open access journal or intrinsically low in
quality (For sciences ISI has 1 at/near top )
6. Open access mandates infringe academic
freedom. (green vs gold)
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47. Want more information on
Open Access?
 Open Access FAQ –
https://uofi.box.com/openaccess-faq
 Links from UIS Faculty Senate Presentation --
https://uofi.box.com/openaccess-links
 University of Illinois Springfield – Open Access
Information -- https://uofi.box.com/OpenAccess
 Open Access Directory --
http://oad.simmons.edu/oadwiki/Main_Page
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48. Attribution
 Ruminating Poe by Chas Addams --
http://dorjeixchel.typepad.com/.a/6a00e550e9851d88340154368af
b91970c-pi
 Graph: Harnad, Stevan, Tim Brody, François Vallières, Les Carr, Steve
Hitchcock, Yves Gingras, Charles Oppenheim, Chawki Hajjem, and
Eberhard R. Hilf 2008 The Access/Imipact Problem and the Green
and Gold Roads to Open Access: An Update. Serials Review 34(1):36-
40. Accessed online 16 Oct. 2009
http://publishingarchaeology.blogspot.com/2008/07/you-should-
self-archive-your.html
 Video - Open Access Explained! By Piled Higher and Deeper (PHD
Comics). http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L5rVH1KGBCY
CREDITS: Animation by Jorge Cham; Narration by Nick Shockey and
Jonathan Eisen; Transcription by Noel Dilworth; Produced in
partnership with the Right to Research Coalition, the Scholarly
Publishing and Resources Coalition and the National Association of
Graduate-Professional Students.
 “Signs” by Chas Addams. Scanned from Monster Rally by Charles
Addams Simon and Schuster, 1950, p. 7.
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