Phing: Building with PHP

Phing: Building in PHP Hans Lellelid International PHP Conference 2007-11-06

Introduction • My name is Hans Lellelid • Developer & Manager at Applied Security, Inc. (near Washington DC). • PHP developer and OO evangelist. • I ported Phing to PHP5 in 2004. • I now manage the Phing project with Michiel Rook. Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 2

This Talk • Brief Overview & “Justification” • Basic Usage • Packaginig & Deployment • Development Cycle • Extending Phing • Slides available at http://phing.info/presentations/ Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 3

What is it? • PHing Is Not Gnumake • It is a project build tool. • Original PHP4 version by Andreas Aderhold • Written for PHP5 • Based on Apache Ant • Cross-platform (i.e. Windows too) • It seems to have caught on. – Propel, Prado, Symfony, Agavi, Xinc (to name a few) Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 4

Why do I need a build tool for PHP? Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 5

Building != Compiling • In this context, “building” is really any non- development task that supports your application. • This could include – Configuring – Packaging – Uploading – Testing – Etc. Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 6

PHP apps > web pages • PHP is no longer a simple web scripting language. • We are using PHP to do all sorts of things on the CLI: – Run unit tests (PHPUnit, SimpleTest) – Build API docs (PhpDocumentor) – Install and Package (PEAR) Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 7

Web apps get deployed • PHP web applications do eventually get deployed. • Deployment has a whole lot of implications: – Permissions – Environment setup – App Configuration Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 8

Phing can help. • Anything you can do with a shell script you can do with Phing. • And a whole lot more ... – Transform directories and files. – Configure your application – Prepare files for deployment – Run unit tests – Do other useful stuff – like SVN commits or db initialization. Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 9

But why Phing specifically? • Other choices do exist: Ant, Rake, NAnt • With Phing you only need PHP. • A PHP tool for PHP apps just makes a lot of sense: – Familiar territory, common environment – You can embed PHP directly in your build scripts. – You can integrate your own application code into Phing extensions. – Cross-pltform and small footprint. Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 10

How do I start using it? Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 11

The Basics • Phing provides a simple shell script (“phing”) that launches the Phing PHP app. • You create build files in XML • Build file organization: – Tasks: a “build-in” piece of code that performs a specific function. E.g. <mkdir> – Targets: grouping of Tasks that perform a more general function. E.g. Copy files to a new directory. – A Project: the root node for the build file. Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 12

A simple build file <project name=quot;samplequot; default=quot;mainquot;> <property name=quot;verquot; value=quot;1.0.1quot;/> <property file=quot;build.propertiesquot;/> <target name=quot;mainquot;> <mkdir dir=quot;./build/${ver}quot;> <copy todir=quot;./build/${ver}quot;> <fileset dir=quot;.quot; includes=quot;*.txtquot; /> </copy> </target> </project> Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 13

Javaisms • Properties – Properties are variables for build scripts. – Like php.ini, but more flexible: • tgz = ${pkg}-${ver}.tgz – Can be set in build script or imported from files. • Dot-path notation for class names: – path.to.Class = path/to/Class.php – Anwers question “How to represent both directory and class name in a single string?” Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 14

Packaging and Deployment Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 15

Match a bunch of files • The <fileset> type represents an extremely powerful way to select a group of files for processing • Many built-in tasks support <fileset> Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 16

Fileset Examples <fileset dir=quot;./webappquot; includes=quot;**/*.htmlquot; excludes=quot;**/test-*quot;/> <fileset dir=quot;./webappquot;> <include name=quot;img/${theme}/*.jpgquot;/> <include name=quot;tpl/${lang}/*.phtmlquot;/> <exclude name=quot;**/*.bakquot;/> <exclude name=quot;**/test/**quot;/> </fileset> Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 17

Fine-tuned Selection • Selectors provide entirely new dimensions for <fileset> file matching criteria. • Some examples of selectors: – Created before/after certain date – Greater/less than specified size – Type ('file' or 'dir') – At specific depth in dir structure – Having corresponding file in another dir. Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 18

Selector examples <fileset dir=quot;${htdocs.dir}quot;> <includes name=”**/*.html”/> <containsregexp expression=quot;/prodd+.phpquot;/> </fileset> <fileset dir=quot;${dist}quot; includes=quot;**quot;> <or> <present targetdir=quot;${htdocs}quot;/> <date datetime=quot;01/01/2007quot; when=quot;beforequot;/> </or> </fileset> Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 19

Filesystem Transformations • The <mapper> element adds filesystem transformation capabilities to supporting tasks (e.g. <copy>, <move>). • For example: – Change all “.php” files to “.html” – Remove dirs from filename – Change all files to the same filename • Custom mappers can be defined. Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 20

Mapper examples <copy todir=quot;/tmpquot;> <mapper type=quot;globquot; from=quot;*.phpquot; to=quot;*.php.bakquot; /> <fileset dir=quot;./appquot; includes=quot;**/*.phpquot; /> </copy> <copy todir=quot;${deploy.dir}quot;> <mapper type=quot;regexpquot; from=quot;^(.*)-(.*).conf.xmlquot; to=quot;1.2.phpquot;/> <fileset dir=quot;${config.src.dir}quot; includes=quot;**/*.conf.xmlquot; /> </copy> Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 21

Data Transformation • The <filterchain> type adds data filtering/transforming capabilities to supporting tasks. • Tasks that support <filterchain> include <copy>, <move>, <append> + more • For example: – Strip comments from files – Replace values in files (+ regexp) – Perform XSLT transformation • Easily add your own. Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 22

Filtering examples <copy todir=quot;${build}/htdocsquot;> <fileset includes=quot;*.htmlquot;/> <filterchain> <replaceregexp> <regexp pattern=quot;rnquot; replace=quot;nquot;/> </replaceregexp> <tidyfilter encoding=quot;utf8quot;> <config name=quot;indentquot; value=quot;truequot;/> </tidyfilter> </filterchain> </copy> Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 23

Packaging Tools • The <tar> and <zip> tasks allow you to bundle up your moved directories. (Of course, they support <fileset> too.) • <pearpkg> (and <pearpkg2>) tasks allow you to create PEAR packages using Phing. Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 24

Deployment Tools • Deployment means different things for different people. • Phing includes some tasks to “put” stuff places: – <svn*> suite of tasks – <scp> • Database statement execution provided by <pdo> and <creole> tasks. Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 25

Development Cycle Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 26

Building for Developers • Not all build tasks are for deployment. • Some build activities are specifically for developer consumption: – Checking validity or cleaning documents – Building API documentation – Running unit tests • A more “traditional” build will likely also play a part in developer build functionality. Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 27

Validating • Phing includes several contributed lint tasks for checking the validity of source code: – <jslint> uses external jsl utility. – <xmllint> uses built-in DOM support and validates with a schema file. – <phplint> users “php -l” • The <tidy> task also provides ability to perform validation and cleanup on HTML documents. Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 28

PHP API Docs • Phing includes support for PhpDocumentor using the <phpdoc> task. <phpdoc title=quot;API Documentationquot; destdir=quot;apidocsquot; sourcecode=quot;noquot; output=quot;HTML:Smarty:PHPquot;> <fileset dir=quot;./classesquot;> <include name=quot;**/*.phpquot; /> </fileset> </phpdoc> Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 29

Unit Testing • Phing has extensive support for PHPUnit and SimpleTest unit testing frameworks • PHPUnit tasks provide support for – Batch testing using <fileset> to select all the tests you wish to run. – Output in XML (Junit-compatible) and Plain text. – Report generator creates XHTML reports using XSLT – Code coverage reports (requires Xdebug) Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 30

PHPUnit Example <phpunit2 haltonerror=quot;truequot; haltonfailure=quot;falsequot; printsummary=quot;truequot;> <batchtest> <fileset dir=quot;${tests.dir}quot;> <include name=quot;**/*Test.phpquot;/> </fileset> </batchtest> </phpunit2> Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 31

Continuous Integration • Code -> Commit -> Build -> Test -> Report • CI tools watch the repository and provide automated building, testing, reporting. • CruiseControl has a Phing builder. • Xinc provides CI tool functionality written in PHP. • Xinc is built to use Phing Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 32

Xinc Config Example <projects> <project name=quot;Project Namequot; interval=quot;10quot;> <modificationsets> <svn directory=quot;/var/projects/testquot;/> </modificationsets> <builder type=quot;phingquot; buildfile=quot;/var/projects/test/build.xmlquot; target=quot;buildquot;/> <publishers> <email to=quot;myemail@example.comquot; publishonfailure=quot;truequot;/> </publishers> </project> </projects> Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 33

Extending Phing Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 34

Paths for Extension • Embedding PHP in build file. • Write your own class to provide any of the functionality we have seen: – Task – Type – Selector – Filter – Mapper – Listener (logger) – ... and more. Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 35

Embedding PHP • The <php> task allows you to evaluate a PHP expression, function call, etc. and store result in a property. • The <adhoc> task allows you to embed PHP directly. Useful for including setup files. <adhoc><![CDATA[ require_once 'propel/Propel.php'; Propel::init('bookstore-conf.php'); ]]></adhoc> Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 36

Sample Task class SampleTask extends Task { private $var; public function setVar($v) { $this->var = $v; } public function main() { $this->log(quot;value: quot;.$this->var); } } Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 37

Phing IRL • Phing is being used by many organizations and open-source projects. • In the real world, Phing is used ... – as an interactive CLI application configuration or installation script, – to upgrade production webservers, – to manage product release builds, – as a quick way to reorganize a directory tree, – & much, much more. Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 38

Where next? • Visit http://phing.info for downloads, documentation, and issue tracking. • Ask questions on the mailing lists. – users@phing.tigris.org – dev@phing.tigris.org Hans Lellelid: Phing: Building in PHP 39

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