Solar System - Kollace Oxygen

Solar System Kollace Oxygen Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

We will learn ………  Components of our Solar System.  Relative positions of our planets.  Some Interesting facts about space!!!  More about Sun.  What are Planets & Satellites??  Terrestrial and Jovian Planets.  About Asteroids, Meteors and Comets.  Internal Structure of Earth Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

An introduction … Solar system has …  Sun  The Nine Planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune , Pluto)  Large number of Asteroids between the orbit of Mars and Jupiter  Large number of Comets revolving around sun in highly elliptical paths. Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

This is how it looks like… Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Note that… Planets revolve around the sun and also rotate about there own axis. All planets, except Pluto, revolve in almost the same plane. Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Did you know? Sun accounts for 99.9% of the mass of the solar system. Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Did you know? Mercury is the smallest planet Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Did you know? Jupiter is the largest planet Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Did you know? Alpha Century is the nearest star to our solar system (about 4.3 Light Years) Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Did you know? Sirius, the brightest star is about 8.7 light years from us. Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Did you know? Earth is the only planet having life on it.. Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

SUN Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

SUN Sun is the source of energy for earth. It is made up of Hydrogen (70%), Helium (28%) and other gases like Nitrogen, Oxygen and Carbon (2%). The energy is produced in the Sun due to Nuclear Fusion Reaction in which four hydrogen nuclei fuse to form a Helium nuclei (and two positrons). Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

SUN It is the nearest star from us and hence looks much bigger than other stars. The sun has a diameter of about 1,392,000 Km (about 109 times the diameter of earth!!!!) Sun is about 333000 times as heavy as Earth. Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

SUN Average distance of sun from earth is 15 crore Km Light takes about 500s (about 8 minutes) to travel from sun to earth. The temperature at the core of Sun is about 14 x 106 Kelvin. Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

The PLANETS The heavenly bodies that revolve around the stars (like Sun) in an orbit are known as planets. Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

The PLANETS For Example ... There are Nine planets in our solar system. They have different structures due to their different temperatures. Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

The PLANETS These have been divided into two types depending upon their similarity of structure. 1. Terrestrial Planets 2. Jovian Planets. Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Terrestrial Planets The four planets near to Sun, namely Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars are known as Terrestrial Planets because their structure is similar to Earth Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Terrestrial Planets Common Features of these planets are: i. A thin rocky crust. ii. A mantle rich in Iron and Magnesium iii. A core of Molten Metals. iv. Thin atmosphere v. Very few moons Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Terrestrial Planets The first colour image of the Martian Surface, transmitted by Viking 1 Lander on July 26, 1976. (NASA) Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Jovian Planets The five planets beyond the orbit of Mars are known as Terrestrial Planets because their structure is similar to Jupiter. These are Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune & Pluto. Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Jovian Planets Common Features of these planets are: i. They are Gaseous Bodies ii. They have ring system around them. iii. Except Pluto they all have a large number of moons (i.e. natural satellites). Pluto has only one moon. iv. They are too distant from Sun as compared to Terrestrial Planets. Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

How to remember their Sequence? Just remember the phrase.. Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Mercury Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Mercury  Nearest to Sun  Smallest Planet  No Atmosphere  Very Hot during Day & very Cold at night. Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Venus Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Venus  Closest to Earth  Size almost same as Earth  Visible before dawn and after sunset.  Known as Morning (or Evening) Star  Called sister planet of Earth due to similarities. Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Earth Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Earth  Diameter: 12 800 Km  Mass: 6 x 1024 Kg  Rotation time: 24 hours.  One Revolution: 365 ¼ days  Only Planet that can sustain life.  Has Nitrogen and Oxygen rich atmosphere. Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Saturn Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Saturn  Has beautiful rings around it  Has 30 moons in addition to rings!!  Appears bright yellow. Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Uranus Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Uranus  Very Cold  Has 21 moons in addition to rings Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Neptune Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Neptune  Very far from Sun  Very Small  Has 8 moons. Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Pluto Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Pluto  Farthest planet  Very Small  Has just one moon Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Satellites The heavenly bodies that revolve around the PLANETS (like Earth) in an orbit are known as satellites. Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Satellites Moon is the satellite of Earth. It revolves around earth in an elliptical orbit. Other planets like Mars, Jupiter and Saturn also have their satellites Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Asteroids Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Asteroids The small rock like bodies revolving around Sun between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter are called Asteroids Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Asteroids These are very small to be considered as Planets. The largest among them is Ceres with a radius of about 800 Km only & the smallest one is as small as a pebble. Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Asteroids Where did they come from? It is believed that they were formed due to some collision between planets which resulted into its breaking into small fragments. Though their exact origin is not known till date. Asteroid Named IDA Asteroid Named GASPRA (Along with its tiny satellite) Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Meteors (Shooting Stars) Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Meteors (Shooting Stars) These are pieces of rocks floating in space, which sometimes enter the earth’s atmosphere Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Meteors (Shooting Stars) They experience a force of friction of air and start burning. They appear as a ball of fire falling towards earth emitting intense light. They are also known as Shooting Stars but they are not actually Stars or in anyway connected to them. Most of them get completely burnt in the atmosphere. Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Meteorites Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Meteorites Some meteors are so large and do not get completely burnt. So they reach earth and are known as Meteorites. Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Comets These are heavenly bodies which revolve around the sun in highly elliptical paths. They appear in the sky as a ball of fire with a TAIL. The tail always pointing away from the Sun. e.g. HALLEY’S COMET Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Comets Why do they have tail??? They are composed of rocks like material surrounded by large masses of easily vaporised substance like water, ammonia, methane etc. When these approach Sun, some of its material gets vaporised due to heat of the Sun. Light of the Sun exerts pressure on these vapours and forces them away from the comet in form of a tail. Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Comets Halley’s Comet It has a time period of 76 years. Last seen in 1986 and will now be visible in 2062. Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Structure of Earth The Earth can be broadly divided into Three different Layers. Crust Mantle Outer Core Inner Core Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Structure of the earth Earth is composed of a number of layers. Though we have not been able to dig more than 10 Km into the earth’s crust but we have studied it in details from the study of Seismic Waves. Seismic waves are produced during Earthquakes. But in addition to natural seismic waves we can also produce artificial waves by Underground Nuclear Tests. Velocity of seismic waves depends on composition of region from which they pass. From the study of their velocities we can collect more information and a picture of earth’s interior. Three layers of earth are: Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

The three layers… Crust: a. Top 30-40 Km layer of earth. b. Contains mainly rocks of silicates (Containing SiO2). c. Its thickness is lesser under sea floor. Mantle: a. From 40 km – 3000 Km. b. Rich in Iron and Magnesium Silicates. c. Not under direct observation. Core: a. Innermost layer beyond 3000 Km. b. It consists mainly of Pure Iron alloyed with some Nickel. c. Its material is in FLUID state. Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Latest …. Pluto Not a Planet, Astronomers Rule Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com

Kollace Education Rennaisance www.kollace.com Stick Together www.kollace.com/forum/index.php Celebrating Uniqueness www.kollace.wordpress.com Kollace Wordpress Blog

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Solar System - Kollace Oxygen

by Kamal Thakur on May 27, 2009

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