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Grammar file 4                                                                                                    English File 2




1 Comparative adjectives, as … as                                    4 some… / any… / nobody, etc.
  San Francisco is cheaper than London.
  New York is more / less dangerous than LA.
  Restaurants are(n’t) as expensive as in London.
  The service is much / a bit better.
  ✦ To compare people, places, and things, use:
    1 a comparative adjective + than
    2 (not) as + adjective + as
  ✦ Use much (+ comparative) for a big difference, a bit
    (+ comparative) for a small difference.
                                                                                                                 There isn’t
                                                                       Somebody’s in the   Is anybody in the     anybody in the
2 Comparative adverbs                                                  bathroom.           bathroom?             bathroom.
                   Adverb              Comparative adverb
                                                                                   (           / and ' ' and as subject
  Regular          quickly             more / less quickly
  Irregular        fast                faster                           People somebody        anybody           nobody
                   hard                harder                                  someone         anyone            no one
                   well                better                           Things something       anything          nothing
                   badly               worse
                   a lot               more                             Places     somewhere anywhere            nowhere
                   a little            less
                                                                        ✦ Use somebody / anything / nowhere when you don’t
  Women drive more slowly than men.                                       know exactly who / what / where.
  Men drive faster than women.
                                                                        ✦ in + use some…
  ✦ To compare two actions use a comparative
    adverb + than.                                                      ✦ in ? and * use any…
                                                                            but in * short answers, and as the subject, use no…,
3 First conditional                                                         etc.
  will / won’t                                                              Who’s in the bathroom? Nobody.
                                                                            Nobody’s in the bathroom.
  (                                 '
                                                                        ✦ Remember, (some)body and (some)one mean the
  I                                 I
  You     ’ll miss the train.       You won’t catch it.                   same.
  etc.                              etc.                         5 Superlative adjectives
                                                                    Adjective    Comparative      Superlative              Spelling
  /                           &
                                                                    tall         taller           the tallest
  Will you tell him?          Yes, I will. / No, I won’t.                                                                  + est
                                                                    happy        happier          the happiest
  Contractions ’ll = will won’t = will not                          modern       more modern    the most modern
                                                                                                                   + the most
  ✦ Use will / won’t + infinitive for all persons.                  expensive    more expensive the most expensive
                                                                    good         better           the best
  If … + will / won’t                                               bad          worse            the worst
                                                                                                                           irregular
  If you don’t work, you won’t pass the exam.
  She’ll miss the train if she doesn’t hurry.                       Everest is the highest mountain in the world.
                                                                    French champagne is the most expensive.
  ✦ Make the first conditional with if + present simple
    and will / won’t + infinitive. The if-phrase can                ✦ Use superlative adjectives to say that someone or something
    come first or second.                                             is the biggest / tallest in a group.
  ✦ Use the first conditional to talk about a possible              ✦ Use the + est or most to make superlative adjectives.
    future situation.

                                                       © Oxford University Press
Grammar check 4                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      English File 2




1 Comparative adjectives Cross out the wrong                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      5 Superlative adjectives Complete the




                                                        . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
   form.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              sentences.
   1 Chicago is violenter / more violent than San                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 1
     Francisco.
   2 London isn’t as expensive as / than Paris.
   3 The train is cheaper as / than the plane.
   4 China is much / more bigger than Vietnam.
   5 English is more easy / easier than Japanese.
   6 It’s much / much more polluted here.

2 Comparative adverbs Write sentences.
   1 my father / me (work hard)
     My father works harder than me.
   2 my mother / my father (drive careful)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2                          3

   3 I / my husband (speak French well)

   4 women / men (live long)

   5 you / me (eat quick)



3 First conditional Write the verbs in the
   correct tense.
   1 It’ll be quicker if we get a taxi. (be, get)
   2 If she           me I           her. (phone,                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 4                          5
     tell)
   3 He             you if you          him. (help,
     ask)
   4 If you           now you             late. (not
     go, be)
   5 We         a picnic if the weather
     good. (have, be)

4 some… / any… / no… Complete with the
   right word.

   anybody anything nobody nothing
   something somewhere                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1 The Americans drive the biggest cars in the
   1  Did you do anything last night?                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  world. (big)

        No,              special.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2 The Scots make                    whisky.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        (good)
   2   She’d like to go            nice this evening.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      3 The Germans drink                       beer.
   3   They didn’t meet               they knew at                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      (more)
       the party.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      4 The Italians wear
   4   We didn’t know because               told us.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    clothes. (stylish)
   5   I want to tell you            important.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       5 The British drink                    coffee.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        (bad)
                                             © Oxford University Press

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File4 2

  • 1. Grammar file 4 English File 2 1 Comparative adjectives, as … as 4 some… / any… / nobody, etc. San Francisco is cheaper than London. New York is more / less dangerous than LA. Restaurants are(n’t) as expensive as in London. The service is much / a bit better. ✦ To compare people, places, and things, use: 1 a comparative adjective + than 2 (not) as + adjective + as ✦ Use much (+ comparative) for a big difference, a bit (+ comparative) for a small difference. There isn’t Somebody’s in the Is anybody in the anybody in the 2 Comparative adverbs bathroom. bathroom? bathroom. Adverb Comparative adverb ( / and ' ' and as subject Regular quickly more / less quickly Irregular fast faster People somebody anybody nobody hard harder someone anyone no one well better Things something anything nothing badly worse a lot more Places somewhere anywhere nowhere a little less ✦ Use somebody / anything / nowhere when you don’t Women drive more slowly than men. know exactly who / what / where. Men drive faster than women. ✦ in + use some… ✦ To compare two actions use a comparative adverb + than. ✦ in ? and * use any… but in * short answers, and as the subject, use no…, 3 First conditional etc. will / won’t Who’s in the bathroom? Nobody. Nobody’s in the bathroom. ( ' ✦ Remember, (some)body and (some)one mean the I I You ’ll miss the train. You won’t catch it. same. etc. etc. 5 Superlative adjectives Adjective Comparative Superlative Spelling / & tall taller the tallest Will you tell him? Yes, I will. / No, I won’t. + est happy happier the happiest Contractions ’ll = will won’t = will not modern more modern the most modern + the most ✦ Use will / won’t + infinitive for all persons. expensive more expensive the most expensive good better the best If … + will / won’t bad worse the worst irregular If you don’t work, you won’t pass the exam. She’ll miss the train if she doesn’t hurry. Everest is the highest mountain in the world. French champagne is the most expensive. ✦ Make the first conditional with if + present simple and will / won’t + infinitive. The if-phrase can ✦ Use superlative adjectives to say that someone or something come first or second. is the biggest / tallest in a group. ✦ Use the first conditional to talk about a possible ✦ Use the + est or most to make superlative adjectives. future situation. © Oxford University Press
  • 2. Grammar check 4 English File 2 1 Comparative adjectives Cross out the wrong 5 Superlative adjectives Complete the . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . form. sentences. 1 Chicago is violenter / more violent than San 1 Francisco. 2 London isn’t as expensive as / than Paris. 3 The train is cheaper as / than the plane. 4 China is much / more bigger than Vietnam. 5 English is more easy / easier than Japanese. 6 It’s much / much more polluted here. 2 Comparative adverbs Write sentences. 1 my father / me (work hard) My father works harder than me. 2 my mother / my father (drive careful) 2 3 3 I / my husband (speak French well) 4 women / men (live long) 5 you / me (eat quick) 3 First conditional Write the verbs in the correct tense. 1 It’ll be quicker if we get a taxi. (be, get) 2 If she me I her. (phone, 4 5 tell) 3 He you if you him. (help, ask) 4 If you now you late. (not go, be) 5 We a picnic if the weather good. (have, be) 4 some… / any… / no… Complete with the right word. anybody anything nobody nothing something somewhere 1 The Americans drive the biggest cars in the 1  Did you do anything last night? world. (big)  No, special. 2 The Scots make whisky. (good) 2 She’d like to go nice this evening. 3 The Germans drink beer. 3 They didn’t meet they knew at (more) the party. 4 The Italians wear 4 We didn’t know because told us. clothes. (stylish) 5 I want to tell you important. 5 The British drink coffee. (bad) © Oxford University Press