BIM for Construction, BPMs and Owners

BIM OverviewA little something for architects, engineers, manufacturers, contractors, owners and more
Presented by: Marc Goldman
Thanks to the many BIM enthusiasts who provided the wonderful images used in this presentation.
Credits have been given in most cases where known. Sorry for any omissions.

The state of the AEC Industry

State of the AEC Industry
3
AEC Industry

Large, Complex
>$5T

Image: McGraw Hill

4
AEC Industry

Large, Complex
>$5T
Fragmented
>1.25mm co’s in NA
98% < 50 employees

1,248,000
Total Firms
140,000
20,000

Owners
Architects
Engineers
Contractors
Specialty Trades
Building Product Mfrs
Distributors
Facility Managers
Service Providers
Consultants, Other Specialists

Construction
Industry
Players
420,000
48,000
240,000
380,000
Image: McGraw Hill

5
AEC Industry

Large, Complex
>$5T
Fragmented
>Hundreds of IT tools

Hundreds
Of Tools

CADD
Estimating
Scheduling
Project Mgt
Document Mgt
Financial/GL
Etc.

Multiple
IT
Tools
Image: McGraw Hill

6
AEC Industry

Large, Complex
>$5T
Fragmented
>Over a long lifecycle

Over the
Lifecycle

Strategy
Research
Plan
Design
Document
Bid/Procure
Fabricate
Build
Commission
Operate, Maintain, Renovate
Disposition

The
Project
Lifecycle
Image: McGraw Hill

7
AEC Industry

Large, Complex
>$5T
“The Project”
One-of-a-kind
Long lifecycle
Dozens of co’s
Different IT tools
Little consistency
Lifecycle
Project-to-project

1 at a time
The
Construction
Project
Image: McGraw Hill

8
AEC Industry

Information exchange
Many point-to-point handoffs
Limited transparency
Linear, “toss it over the fence” process

Image: McGraw Hill

More
Knowledge
Less
Time
Early
Late

10
AEC Industry

Silos of information
Little overall transparency or visibility
IT tools & processes
“Point solutions”
Lack of interoperability
Challenge to integrate Project w/ Business

11

12
AEC Industry

Lot of Casualties…
Poorly Coordinated Design Documents
Change Orders & Rework
Delays & Cost Overruns
Claims & Litigation
Greater Risk
Poor Turnover Documents
Frustrated Owners
Tight Profit Margins

13

14
AEC Industry

Demand for Better Sustainability
Construction process> 20% waste
Buildings consume 60% of US raw materials
Buildings consume 40% world’s energy (poorly)
Requires coordinated, collaborative effort

Center for Excellence for Sustainable Development

Buildings consume 40% of world’s energy*
81 million buildings currently operating in US
Over 30 million more forecast to start design between 2005-2010

(*Roodman and Lenssen summary on impacts of buildings)

15
AEC Industry

Summary…
$4T industry with > 20% waste (at least)
Buildings consume 60% of US raw materials
Buildings consume 40% world’s energy (poorly)
Projects routinely exceed schedule/budget
Claims and litigation
Low profit margins
Declining productivity
Depleting workforce
Antiquated processes and tools

16
But…..

A major wave is forming that WILL dramatically change the AEC industry

17
BIM

Building Information Modeling
Enabled by powerful technology
Facilitated by collaboration and integration

18
BIM

Bottom-up, not top-down
Driven by industry practitioners who see the value
Important to understand why it is valuable
It will become pervasive
Building Design, Construction, Development, Ownership and Management will change

What is BIM?
Image: University Mechanical

BIM: What It Is and Why It’s Important
BIM is to CAD…
…as CAD was to manual drafting
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with Ink and Linen

BIM is an interoperable database
Multiple models interoperate
Architectural model
Structural model
HVAC model
Piping model
Telecommunications model
Electrical model
Furniture model
Civil model
Construction model
Fabrication model
Facility management model
etc.
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The ability of a system to work with other systems without special effort on the part of the customer.

Architectural model
Structural model
HVAC model
Piping model
Electrical model
Furniture model
Civil model
Construction model
Fabrication model
etc.
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Image: Bentley

Architectural model
Structural model
HVAC model
Piping model
Electrical model
Furniture model
Civil model
Construction model
Fabrication model
etc.
23
Image: Bentley

Architectural model
Structural model
HVAC model
Piping model
Electrical model
Furniture model
Civil model
Construction model
Fabrication model
etc.
24
Image: Bentley

Architectural model
Structural model
HVAC model
Piping model
Electrical model
Furniture model
Civil model
Construction model
Fabrication model
etc.
25
Image: Bentley

Architectural model
Structural model
HVAC model
Piping model
Electrical model
Furniture model
Civil model
Construction model
Fabrication model
etc.
26
Image: Bentley

Architectural model
Structural model
HVAC model
Piping model
Electrical model
Furniture model
Civil model
Construction model
Fabrication model
etc.
27
Image: Bentley

Architectural model
Structural model
HVAC model
Piping model
Electrical model
Furniture model
Civil model
Construction model
Fabrication model
etc.
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Image: Bentley

Models can interoperate with analysis and other specialty tools
Rendering, 3D Printing
Scheduling
Estimating, Procurement
Engineering Design
Animation, Simulation (construction, energy consumption, etc)
Laser Scanning and Underground Radar
Facility Management
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It is all about the Information …
Graphical Information
3D Objects Visual in the Model – Architecture, Structure, Ductwork, Piping & Equipment
Non-Graphical Information
Performance Data
Linked Information
Schedule & Cost Information
Stanford SIM1
Whiting-Turner & ZGF

BIM: What It Is and Why It’s important
Changes
Design
Ability
of
to
Cost
control
cost
Construction
Design
Design Devel
Const Docs
Traditional Design Process

32
Changes
Design
Ability
of
to
Cost
control
cost

Integrated BIM Process
Documenting as the model is built
Involving Construction/Suppliers
Eliminating clashes virtually
Creating a “digital double”

Construction
Design
Design Devel
Const Docs

Integrated Project Delivery:
Building Owner
Collaborative Process
Reduces “over the wall”mentality

Potential for “Cost Certainty”
Reduce Waste and inefficienciesthrough all phases of AEC
Collaboration is a “soft skill” critical to fully leverage BIM potential

Architect
Building Product Mfrs
BIM
Engineer
Fabricators
Subs & Trades

BIM Deliverables

BIM: Deliverables & Outputs
35
Design Development

Schematic Design phase
LEED credits

- Luminance
- Natural Ventilation

Modeling Analysis

- Daylighting

Glazing
Shading

- Shell

Wall construction options

- Natural Ventilation

Feasibility
Placement of openings

Source: Burt Hill

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Revit model
Source: Burt Hill

37
IES Energy Analysis Model

Integrates with Revit

Source: Burt Hill

Studied Typical Classroom
Source: Burt Hill

39
Luminance Levels at LEED EQ Credit 8.1
Area at 30 inches above floor level that is above the 25 fc threshold for LEED EQ Credit 8.1.
Required floor area for credit is 75%
Source: Burt Hill

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Collaborative BIM Design

Glazing area and placement
Surface reflectivity
Lightshelves
External shading

Source: Burt Hill

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75% of 3’ work plane above 25 fc threshold
New Design Passed
Source: Burt Hill

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Modified design to optimize prevailing wind
Source: Burt Hill

Site Logistics

Utilize 3D models to identify & communicate Site logistics & phasing
Valuable for managing expectations early in the process
Utilize existing range of tools
Build as BIM vs. throw-away

University of Central Florida, Partnership III Proposal
Whiting-Turner

Structural BIM:

American Institute of Steel Constructors drove the process with standards
Tekla Software
Linking Modeling with Detailing

Walt Disney Performing Arts Complex
Mortensen & Gehry Partners

45
Structural BIM:

Incorporate detailed design into model to eliminate need for separate shop drawing process

Structural Designer
Structural Detailer

46
Structural BIM:

Structural Designer
Structural Detailer

47
Structural BIM:

Structural Designer
Structural Detailer

48
Structural BIM:

Enables complex construction

Images: Bentley Systems

49

Why Does Mortenson Model?
50

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Visualization:

Not just pretty pictures
Enables complex construction
Having access to a 3D model, allows all members of the team to understand the design intent

Visualization:

Not only for complex projects

Grafton Station Dublin, CA
Whiting-Turner

Visualization:

Not only for complex projects

Turner Construction

Constructability Analysis:
Holder Construction

Constructability Analysis:

Model Based Drawings:
Drawings are made from Model
Lines are not redrawn from plan to section to details
Links between “views”, so when an object is change it automatically updates in all linked “views”

Model Based Drawings:

3D Coordination:
Not just collision detection
Perform constructability and check interference
Generates views & reports for distribution to team

3D MEP Coordination:
Greater pre-fabrication = Higher Quality Construction

Design to Fabrication: (MEP)
Greater collaboration between designers and fabricators

Design to Fabrication: (MEP)
BIM is driving multi-system pre-fabrication

4D Schedule:
Modeling linked to the construction schedule
Communicate construction phasing
Stakeholder review – Compare construction photo’s with 4D snapshots

4D Schedule:
Image: Pinnacle

Facility Involvement

Above ceiling access prior to maintenance coordination
Same above ceiling access after maintenance coordination
Ability to walk user and maintenance staff through space prior to finalizing coordination

Stanford SIM1
Whiting-Turner & ZGF

As-Built Model:
Owners receive a “digital double” with Asset information embedded in the BIM Models.

What this means for Building Product Manufacturers?
Image: McGraw Hill

What this means for BPMs
“When you design a building using [BIM]
you create an intelligent data model of the building
that can be used more effectively than standard two-dimensional documents.”
Larry Rocha
Wimberly Allison Tong and Goo

“When you provide Building Product Models
you offer intelligent representations of your products
that are more valuable to your customers than traditional product information
which can provide a competitive edge and help you get spec’d.”
Marc Goldman

BIM Content is:
In high demand by BPM customers!
Easier to use for design, take-offs, estimate and specification!
Being provided by a couple hundred BPMs!

One Building Product Model contains multiple views (2D and 3D)

Building Product Models are comprised of the “parts & pieces” of your product systems

Whole systems of parts with multiple options and configurations

Configurable products that behave like the real world

Not just architectural products…

Building Product Models aware of their required clearances.

Levels of complexity
Mullion Width
Trim Width
Frame Width
Mullions stay equidistant and fixed size
Frame Width
Height
Number & layout of Mullions
Height
Sill Thickness
Width
Width
Fixed:
Can’t control size or details.
Semi-Parametric:
Can control overall size or details.
Fully Parametric:
Can control size and many details.

10/2/2009

What does this mean for Owners
93
BIM can be used as a database throughout the life of the building

Generate as-builts for tenant build-outs
Recall the paint color of the accent wall in the executive conference room
Calculate the square footage of the same wall
Better adherence to design standards & aesthetics

94
BIM can enhance a building’s performance and provide operational efficiency throughout its life

Better asset tracking & mgmt
Better maintenance (warranty, failure, support)
Better adherence to design standards & aesthetics

95
What should building owners should do

Define BIM Standard which AEC stakeholders must adhere to
Utilize BIM content which is populated with BF Saul valuable data
The BIM model must be kept alive after the model is handed over to BF Saul
Manual data entry will be necessary to maintain the most up-to-date information in the models

Things to Think About
This is a fantastic time to be entering the [Building Industry], because [the Building Industry] is going to change more in the next 10 years than it has in the last 50. Bill Gates*
We always overestimate the change that will occur in the next two years and underestimate the change that will occur in the next ten. Don't let yourself be lulled into inaction. Bill Gates
If you don't like change, you're going to like irrelevance even less.Ret. General Eric Shinseki, Chief of Staff, US Army

Question & Answer