Eu Social Agenda

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    Eu Social Agenda - Presentation Transcript

    1. EU Social Agenda Grace Hudson University of Bradford
    2. History and Context
      • EC/EU competencies
      • Subsidiarity and proportionality
      • Legislative decision-making process
      • European social model v American economic model
      • Strong commitment to social policy by member states – except Britain under Conservative Government (1979-1997)
    3. Commitment in Treaties
      • There has been provision for social policy in the Treaties from the Treaty of Rome 1957
      • but originally narrow definition:
          • working conditions
          • standard of living
          • equal pay for equal work
          • social security for migrants
          • increased mobility of workers
        • Wider policy in hands of member states
    4. Policies and Initiatives
      • 1960s – policy focused mainly on labour mobility
      • 1970s – harsh economic climate
        • 1 st Social action programme 1974
          • For full employment, better living and working conditions, workers’ participation in decision making, equal treatment of men and women
          • Establishment of EFIWLC and CEDEFOP
        • Disparities between rich and poor regions
    5. Policies and Initiatives
      • Structural funds
      • European Social Fund established 1957
      • European Regional Development Fund 1975
        • Aimed to reduce regional disparities, address aspects of social policy, combat long-term unemployment, promote education and training
      • And later, Cohesion fund 1992
    6. Policies and Initiatives
      • Single European Act
        • New “title” on economic and social cohesion
        • Qualified majority voting on health and safety of workers
        • Opportunity used by Commission to enact range of social policy legislation – but raised a number of legal challenges, eg British government’s objection to “Working time” Directive 1993 (challenge rejected by Court of Justice)
    7. Policies and Initiatives
      • SEA
        • Social Dialogue – Commission required to develop a dialogue between employers and employees
        • Review of and substantial increase in structural funds
    8. Policies and Initiatives
      • Delors review of social consequences of single market programme
      • Fears of “social dumping”
      • Attempt to promote social dimension
      • Community Charter on the Fundamental Social Rights of Workers (Social Charter)– adopted 1989 by 11 member states (not UK)
      • Lack of success/blocking of social policy legislation – unanimous decisions required
    9. Policy and Initiatives
      • Social Protocol in Maastricht Treaty
        • Incorporated social provisions of Social Charter
        • Proposed Social chapter opposed by Major
        • Britain opted out of Social Protocol but terms of Treaty of Rome re social policy (as revised by later treaties) still applied
        • Social issues now core policy – includes issues such as protection of children and young people, freedom of association, public health, help for elderly and disabled (number of programmes)
    10. Policy and Initiatives
      • Anomalous situation of the UK
      • Little legislation adopted under Social Protocol, eg only two directives on European works councils and parental leave – other legal bases used where possible
      • Treaty reform – adoption of Amsterdam Treaty – new Labour government agreed to incorporation of social protocol and to adoption of the two directives
    11. Policy and Initiatives
      • 1990s - Concerns about unemployment and competitiveness
      • White paper on the development of social policy in the period 1995-1999 (1994)
        • Focus on job creation, labour mobility, equal opportunity, integration of social and economic policies
        • No major legislative agenda in next social action programme – more focus on discussion
    12. Policy and Initiatives
      • Social Policy Agenda adopted 2000 as part of Lisbon Strategy for jobs and growth
        • More and better jobs
        • New balance between flexibility and security in a changing work environment
        • Combating poverty, social exclusion, and discrimination
        • Modernising social security protection systems
        • Promoting equality between men and women
        • Reinforcing the social dimension of enlargement and external relations
    13. Policy and Initiatives
      • Lisbon Strategy – “modernising the European social model, investing in people and combating social exclusion”
      • Use of Open Method of Co-ordination
        • National Reform Programmes
        • Joint Employment Reports
        • Action Plans
        • Annual Progress Reports
      • Benchmarking, best practice, target setting, peer pressure
    14. Policy and Intitiates
      • Follow up from revised Lisbon Strategy:
        • Communication on the Social Agenda
        • COM (2005) 53
        • Key priorities:
        • employment
        • fighting poverty and promoting equal opportunities
        • Eg older people in workforce – “active ageing”, employment of women, managing restructuring through social dialogue
    15. Policy and Initiatives
      • Renewed social agenda: opportunities, access and solidarity in 21 st century Europe
      • COM (2008) 412
      • Concept of “Flexicurity”
      • ESF spend 2007-13 75 billion euros
    16. Policy and Initiatives – next
      • Target of eradicating poverty by 2010
      • 2010 is to be the European Year for Combating Poverty and Social Exclusion
      • Consultation on the future “EU 2020” strategy
      • COM (2009) 647
    17. Sources of information
      • Key policy documents
      • Legislation
      • Pending legislation
      • Guides and background publications
      • Statistics
      • Opinion poll surveys
      • Europa website
      • Comment and analysis – books, journals, reports

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