Machine Tags Dr. Harry Chen CMSC 491S/691S February 27, 2008

Agenda What’s Machine Tags Different ways to use Machine Tags Deficiency of Machine Tags Machine Tags implementation in gnizr

What’s Machine Tags

Different ways to use Machine Tags

Deficiency of Machine Tags

Machine Tags implementation in gnizr

Traditional tags This is how your “grandfather” uses tags

This is how your “grandfather” uses tags

Tags are used for labeling

Tagging Model Remember this diagram from our previous discussion? User Resources Tags

Remember this diagram from our previous discussion?

What else can you say about “photo-1293”? Resources Relates to a YouTube video (link?) John Smith is in this picture (homepage?) Taken on 2007/12/03 @ 10:00PM Johnny is the photographer (homepage?) Relates to a family trip (trip’s homepage?) Location Piccadilly Square (latitude/longitude?)

Describing and relating resources The amount of user-generated content is growing on the Web (flickr, youtube, last.fm, upcoming, etc.). New problem How to describe “ad-hoc” properties about the resources that we have created How to relate multiple resources that we have created across multiple Web sites What’s an “ad-hoc” property?

The amount of user-generated content is growing on the Web (flickr, youtube, last.fm, upcoming, etc.).

New problem

How to describe “ad-hoc” properties about the resources that we have created

How to relate multiple resources that we have created across multiple Web sites

Machine Tags Tags with a special syntax that allow users to describe “ad-hoc” properties and relate distinctive resources across multiple Web sites. + = http://www.flickr.com/groups/api/discuss/72157594497877875/

Tags with a special syntax that allow users to describe “ad-hoc” properties and relate distinctive resources across multiple Web sites.

Triple Model Machine Tag syntax is based on the Triple model, similar to which of the RDF language. Subject Predicate (Property) Object (Value) Johnny Photo-1923 takenBy

Machine Tag syntax is based on the Triple model, similar to which of the RDF language.

Machine Tag Syntax There is no one standard syntax. Different systems may have variations of the original syntax proposed by Flickr. [namespace] : [predicate] = [object] Subject Predicate (Property) Object (Value) Where is the “Subject” in the syntax?

There is no one standard syntax. Different systems may have variations of the original syntax proposed by Flickr.

Machine Tag example Resource Predicate Object Johnny Smith Photo-1923 foo:takenBy [namespace] : [predicate] = [object] foo : takenBy = “Johnny Smith”

Describing location information Subject Predicate Object Photo-1923 geo:locality Piccadilly Square [namespace] : [predicate] = [object] geo:locality=“piccadilly square”

Relating resources What if I want to say “photo-1923” relates to “event-1393” on upcoming.yahoo.com… Subject Predicate Object Photo-1923 upcoming:event http://upcoming.yahoo.com/event/1393 upcoming:event=1393

What if I want to say “photo-1923” relates to “event-1393” on upcoming.yahoo.com…

I machine-tagged, but what use? Machine Tags can be used for Geotagging: putting your photos on a map Field-based search: search with prefix URL shortcuts: include image and video in your blogs without much HTML editing Semantic Web experiments: describe properties that link to RDF or OWL documents … What’s your experience with Machine Tags?

Machine Tags can be used for

Geotagging: putting your photos on a map

Field-based search: search with prefix

URL shortcuts: include image and video in your blogs without much HTML editing

Semantic Web experiments: describe properties that link to RDF or OWL documents

…

Interesting use of Machine Tags What camera did u use? About the airplane

Machine Tags for selling books http://adactio.com/journal/1274/ amazon:asin=1234567890 book:isbn=1234567890 http://learningtheworld.eu/2007/amazon-machine-tags/

Relating Flickr photos with a blog post http://adactio.com/journal/1274/ Collective intelligence?

Machine Tag for field-based search There are overlaps between the Machine Tag syntax and field-based search. Benefit : learn one syntax and use it in two different ways

There are overlaps between the Machine Tag syntax and field-based search.

Benefit : learn one syntax and use it in two different ways

Machine Tag for building taxonomy? Google Code allows administrator to define “Issue Labels”.

Google Code allows administrator to define “Issue Labels”.

Relating resources to RDF/OWL Geonames.ORG http://sws.geonames.org/5352844/about.rdf geonames:feature=5352844 http://www.geospatialsemanticweb.com/2007/03/28/geonames-machine-tags

Shortcomings of the Machine Tags Lack of control vocabulary Who says you should or should not use what tags? Do you use “geonames:feature” or “gn:f=” Difficult to express “object” of a complex value geo:lat/lng=23.00,39.23 (ugly, parser is need) geo:lat=23.00, geo:lng=39.23 (okay) What if I want to express multiple coordinates: geo:lat=23,00, geo:lng=39.23, geo:lat=33.00, geo:lng=-30.00, ... (How do I interpret the key/value pairs?) Difficult to describe certain semantic information we will see an example.

Lack of control vocabulary

Who says you should or should not use what tags?

Do you use “geonames:feature” or “gn:f=”

Difficult to express “object” of a complex value

geo:lat/lng=23.00,39.23 (ugly, parser is need)

geo:lat=23.00, geo:lng=39.23 (okay)

What if I want to express multiple coordinates: geo:lat=23,00, geo:lng=39.23, geo:lat=33.00, geo:lng=-30.00, ... (How do I interpret the key/value pairs?)

Difficult to describe certain semantic information

we will see an example.

Where is your kid? Tagged: - person=john person=mary person=david landmark=power_station Who is John? Power Station?

Tagged:

- person=john

person=mary

person=david

landmark=power_station

Machine Tags in Gnizr How “tags” are stored What does gnizr do when a “machine tag” is detected How to add new implementation to process new types of “machine tag”

How “tags” are stored

What does gnizr do when a “machine tag” is detected

How to add new implementation to process new types of “machine tag”

DB Table: “tag” id tag count

BookmarkManager BookmarkManager GeonamesTagListener ForUserListener geonames:[location] for:[username] bookmark added updated deleted notify notify

GeonamesTagListener.java Find all “machine tags” of  gn:geonames=[location] Get the latitude and longitude pair for [location] from Geonames.org. Add POINT(lng,lat) about a bookmark to the DB.

Listen for new Machine Tags Extend from BookmarkListener Add new listeners to the BookmarkManager

Summary Machine Tags are tags with a special syntax that allow users to describe “ad-hoc” properties and relate distinctive resources across multiple Web sites. Use in geotagging, field-based search, foring URL shortcuts and experimenting with Semantic Web technology Machine Tags have certain shortcomings in expressing rich semantic information.

Machine Tags are tags with a special syntax that allow users to describe “ad-hoc” properties and relate distinctive resources across multiple Web sites.

Use in geotagging, field-based search, foring URL shortcuts and experimenting with Semantic Web technology

Machine Tags have certain shortcomings in expressing rich semantic information.