Semantic Web

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    Semantic Web - Presentation Transcript

    1. Semantic Web Background and Updates 5th May, 2008
    2. Agenda
        • Background
          • What is Semantic Web
          • Approach for archiving Semantic Web
        • News and Demo
    3. What is Semantic Web?
      • Making data meaningful(processable) for machine Discovering related data Extract hidden information from available data Data Portability is important
    4. Some prediction...
    5. Approach for archiving Semantic Web
      • Top Down - natural language parsing Bottom up - markup language (RDF, microformats)
    6. The W3C way:
      • RDF - Resource Description Framework a framework for defining triples of subject, predicate and object RDFS - RDF Schema define vocabularies for provding structure to RDF resource OWL - Web Ontology Language reason about classes and individuals defined by RDFS and RDF SPARQL - SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language an RDF query language
    7. The more realistic way
      • Microformats -adding class to HTML elements microformats hCard like: ... <div class=&quot;vcard&quot;> <a class=&quot;url fn&quot; href=&quot;http://tantek.com/&quot;>Tantek Çelik</a> </div> ... which is just showing: ... Tantek Çelik ... in the browser.
    8. Some microformats
        • hCalendar
        • hCard
        • rel-license
        • rel-nofollow
        • rel-tag
        • VoteLinks
        • XFN
          • XHTML friend network
        • XMDP 
        • XOXO
          • Extensible Open XHTML Outlines 
        • adr - for marking up address information
        • geo - for marking up geographic coordinates
        • hAtom - syndicating episodic content
        • hResume - for publishing resumes and CVs
        • hReview
        • rel-directory - to indicate that the destination of a hyperlink is a directory listing containing an entry for the current page
        • rel-enclosure - for indicating attachments (e.g. files) to download and cache
        • rel-home - indicate a hyperlink to the homepage of the site
        • rel-payment - indicate a payment mechanism
        • robots exclusion
        • xFolk
    9. News
      • Yahoo Open Search Platform - SearchMonkey (Mar 2008)
    10. News
      • Facebook, Google , and Digg joined DataPortability Workgroup
    11. News
      • Reuters launched Open Calais An API does a semantic markup on unstructured HTML documents. By natural language processing engine and massive hard coded, learning database
    12. News and Demo
      • Google launch Social Graph API an API for querying social data on the web which use XFN(microformats) and FOAF(RDF) http://code.google.com/apis/socialgraph/docs/examples.html demo
    13. News and Demo
      • Firefox 3 support microformats A javascript API used to manipulate microformat on page Demo site with microformats: http://upcoming.yahoo.com/ http://digg.com/users/brad3378/friends/view http://www.technorati.com/search/editgrid http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Coord Google map
    14. Demo
      • DBpedia SPARQL
    15. Some problems...
      • Will someone enter microformats in a blog!? Will company open data for public? little reason for web site owners to do that How about existing information?
    16. The End - Thanks! Discussion
    17. Example - RDF
      • <rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#&quot;         xmlns:terms=&quot;http://purl.org/dc/terms/&quot;>         <rdf:Description rdf:about=&quot;urn:x-states:New%20York&quot;>         <terms:alternative>NY</terms:alternative>         </rdf:Description> </rdf:RDF>
    18. Example - OWL and RDFS
      • <owl:Class rdf:ID=&quot;Wine&quot;> <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource=&quot;&food;PotableLiquid&quot;/> <rdfs:subClassOf> <owl:Restriction> <owl:onProperty rdf:resource=&quot;#madeFromGrape&quot;/> <owl:minCardinality rdf:datatype=&quot;&xsd;nonNegativeInteger&quot;>1</owl:minCardinality> </owl:Restriction> </rdfs:subClassOf> ... </owl:Class>
    19. Example - SPARQL
      • PREFIX abc: <http://example.com/exampleOntology#> . SELECT ?capital ?country WHERE {   ?x abc:cityname ?capital ;      abc:isCapitalOf ?y.   ?y abc:countryname ?country ;      abc:isInContinent abc:Africa. }
    20. Example - microformats
      • hCalendar: <div class=&quot;vevent&quot;> <a class=&quot;url&quot; href=&quot;http://www.web2con.com/&quot;>http://www.web2con.com/</a> <span class=&quot;summary&quot;>Web 2.0 Conference</span>: <abbr class=&quot;dtstart&quot; title=&quot;2007-10-05&quot;>October 5</abbr>- <abbr class=&quot;dtend&quot; title=&quot;2007-10-20&quot;>19</abbr>, at the <span class=&quot;location&quot;>Argent Hotel, San Francisco, CA</span> </div> hCard: <span class=&quot;tel&quot;><span class=&quot;type&quot;>Home</span> (<span class=&quot;type&quot;>pref</span>erred): <span class=&quot;value&quot;>+1.415.555.1212</span> </span>
    21. Example - microformats
      • rel-license: <a href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/&quot; rel=&quot;license&quot;>cc by 2.0</a> <a href=&quot;http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0&quot; rel=&quot;license&quot;>Apache 2.0</a> rel-tag <a href=&quot;http://technorati.com/tag/tech&quot; rel=&quot;tag&quot;>fish</a> VoteLinks: <a rev=&quot;vote-for&quot; href=&quot;http://ragingcow.blogspot.com&quot; title=&quot;neat spoof&quot;>Raging Cow</a> <a rev=&quot;vote-against&quot; href=&quot;http://ragingcow.com&quot; title=&quot;nasty corn syrup drink&quot;>Raging Cow</a> XFN: <a href=&quot;http://tanya.example.org&quot; rel=&quot;friend met colleague&quot; >...</a>
    22. Example - microformats
      • adr: <div class=&quot;adr&quot;> <div class=&quot;street-address&quot;>665 3rd St.</div> <div class=&quot;extended-address&quot;>Suite 207</div> <span class=&quot;locality&quot;>San Francisco</span>, <span class=&quot;region&quot;>CA</span> <span class=&quot;postal-code&quot;>94107</span> <div class=&quot;country-name&quot;>U.S.A.</div> </div> geo: <div class=&quot;geo&quot;>GEO: <span class=&quot;latitude&quot;>37.386013</span>, <span class=&quot;longitude&quot;>-122.082932</span> </div>

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    Semantic Web
    Background and Updates

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