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James Buchanan
James Buchanan,[object Object],1857-1861,[object Object]
Tall, stately, stiffly formal…,[object Object],he was the only president to never marry!,[object Object]
Failed,[object Object],To understand that the North would not accept constitutional arguments that favored the South,[object Object],To realize how sectionalism had realigned political parties: the Democrats split; the Whigs were destroyed, giving rise to Republicans,[object Object]
Birthplace,[object Object],1791 – born into a well-to-do family,[object Object]
Education,[object Object],Dickinson College in Pennsylvania ,[object Object],Gifted debater and learned in the law,[object Object]
Career,[object Object],Elected five times to the House of Representatives,[object Object],Served as Minister to Russia,[object Object],Then, served for a decade in the Senate,[object Object],Became Polk’s Secretary of State,[object Object],Became Pierce’s Minister to Great Britain,[object Object]
	SERVICE ABROAD helped bring him the Democratic nomination in 1856 because it had exempted him from involvement in bitter domestic controversies.,[object Object]
As President-elect, ,[object Object],he thought the crisis would disappear if he could,[object Object],maintain sectional balance in his appointments ,[object Object],persuade the people to accept constitutional law as the Supreme Court interpreted it,[object Object]
Inaugural Address,[object Object],Referred to the territorial question as “happily, a matter of but little practical importance” since the Supreme Court was about to settle it “speedily and finally.”,[object Object]
Two days later…,[object Object]
Dred Scott Case,[object Object],	Chief Justice Roger B. Taney stated that Congress had no constitutional power to deprive people of their property rights.,[object Object]
Kansas,[object Object],Buchanan tried to end the troubles by urging the admission of the territory as a slave state.,[object Object],This angered Republicans and alienated members of his own party.,[object Object],So, Kansas remained a territory.,[object Object]
1858,[object Object],	When Republicans won a majority in the House, every significant bill they passed fell before southern votes in the Senate or a Presidential veto.,[object Object],	(like the Homestead Act that the Northerners badly wanted to pass, but got vetoed),[object Object]
1860,[object Object],	Democratic party split into northern and southern wings,[object Object],	Rather than accept a Republican administration, the southern “fire-eaters” threatened secession.,[object Object]
Dismayed and hesitant…,[object Object],Buchanan denied the legal right of states to secede but held that the Federal Government legally could not prevent them,[object Object]
	He hoped for compromise, but secessionist leaders did not want compromise.,[object Object]
Militant tack,[object Object],As several Cabinet members resigned, he appointed northerners,[object Object],He sent the Star of the West to carry reinforcements to Fort Sumter,[object Object]
Lame-duck,[object Object],Remained inactive for the rest of his term,[object Object]
March 1861 – Retired to his Pennsylvania home,[object Object],Died in 1868,[object Object]

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James Buchanan

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Editor's Notes

  1. Only president to never marry
  2. To understand